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1 Science 421 Weather Project-Part III North American Weather Systems Name: Text Section 14.2 North American Weather Systems. Read page 546 and refer to Figure 1. a. b. c. An air mass is a of which has the same temperature of air and has the same amount of . When air moves over large bodies of water, such as the oceans on the east and west coasts of North America, it picks up water vapour and becomes moister. The name of moist air masses found along coastlines begin with the word (begins with m). When air moves over land, such as in the centre of North America, it does not pick up more moisture. The name of dry air masses over the centre of North America start with the word (begins with c). There are 4 types of air masses over North America. Complete the table matching the description given with the name of the type of air mass and the weather associated it with each description. The first one is completed for you. Description of Air Mass Cool, moist air Name of Air Mass Maritime Polar Location where air masses develop i. North Pacific Ocean (West coast of Canada) ii. North Atlantic Ocean (East Coast of Canada) Weather Associated with Air Mass wet, stormy weather Cold, dry air Warm, moist air Dry Warm Air d. Label the Diagram showing the location of the development of the North American Weather Masses A. B. C. D. e. f. g. h. i. j. k. Winds that affect major areas of the Earth are called prevailing winds. Air masses are moved about by and . When air masses come in contact they create w s . A weather system is a set of , , , and conditions that for a period of . Warm air is less dense and (rises away from/ sinks towards) the ground. This movement of air results in a decrease in pressure. Cold air is denser and (rises away from / sinks towards) the ground. This would result in an in (increase or decrease) in pressure. If an increase in pressure is described by meteorologists as a “high pressure” a decrease in pressure would be called a . Describe the weather associated with a low pressure air mass . Describe the weather brought in by a high pressure weather system . 2 Weather Fronts and Low Pressure Systems. a. Refer to Handout Order the events that take place during the formation of a low-pressure system by placing a number in the blank. The air masses swirl in a counter-clockwise direction. Cold air catches up with the cold front and occludes it. The storm weakens. Air rushes in to the low pressure area created by rising warm air. As air continues to rise and condense, clouds form and precipitation occurs. A high pressure system moves in and the weather clears. At the two meeting fronts, warm air rises and there is a reduction in air pressure. b. Match the number of the weather front with the following descriptions and characteristics. 1. occluded front 2. warm front 3. cold front 4. stationary front i. a warm air mass is leading and pushes into a cold front. ii. a cold and warm air mass meet but neither is strong enough to overcome the other and they both stop moving. iii. slow moving front iv. indicated on a weather map by red semicircles. v. results in the formation of cumulus clouds and often severe weather like thunderstorms. vi. often see high cirrus clouds with it vii. indicated by blue triangles viii. a cold front pushes in behind a warm front and overtakes it. ix. fast moving front. c. A low-pressure system that rotates counter-clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and brings bad weather is called a . d. A high-pressure system that rotates clock-wise and bring bad weather is called a e. Identify the type of front. i ii iii . iv 3 Science 421 Weather Project-Part IV Extreme Weather Events –Chapter 15 Name: Fill in the blank with the following terms: See the following pages in the text: 582, 584, 589, 594-596, 598-599, 605 for definitions typhoons blizzard eye weather watch wind chill drought i. tornado thunderstorm weather advisory flood hurricane storm surge weather warning tropical storm is a storm with lightening, thunder, heavy rain and sometimes hail. ii. means that severe weather, likely to cause local problems and inconveniences , is predicted for your areas. iii hurricane and is pushed on shore. a huge amount of water that is piled up by intense winds during a iv when reporting the temperature. a calculation that takes the cooling effect of the wind into account v Australia. is a tropical cyclone that develops in the Indian Ocean or around vi soak up anymore water. is an excess of water from rain, rivers or oceans over land that cannot vii means that conditions are present for extreme weather to occur in your area, so you should pay attention to further updates. viii may already be happening. means that extreme weather is highly likely to arrive in your area or ix a severe component of a thunderstorm in which a rotating funnel of air extends from the base of the clouds to the ground. x a severe snow storm with strong winds and low temperatures. xi a cyclone that develops in the Pacific Ocean or the China Sea. xii is a long period with much less rainfall than average. xiii the central core of a hurricane where the air is calm and the sky clear. xiv Caribbean Sea, the Gulf of Mexico. a severe cyclone that occurs in the western Atlantic Ocean, the