Download Chapter 33 – Invertebrates

Chapter 33
Invertebrates
1. Draw a diagram and identify the following parts and functions of a sponge: spongocoel,
porocyte, epidermis, choanocyte, mesohyl, amoebocyte, osculum, and spicule.
2. List characteristics of the phylum Cnidaria that distinguish it from the other animal phyla.
3. Describe the two basic body plans in Cnidaria and their role in Cnidarian life cycles.
4. List the three classes of Cnidaria and distinguish among them based upon life cycle and
morphological characteristics.
5. List the characteristics of the phylum Ctenophora that distinguish it from the other animal
phyla.
6. List characteristics that are shared by all bilaterally symmetrical animals.
7. List characteristics of the phylum Platyhelminthes that distinguish it from the other animal
phyla.
8. Distinguish among the four classes of Platyhelminthes and give examples of each.
9. Describe the generalized life cycle of a trematode and give an example of one fluke that
parasitizes humans.
10. Describe the anatomy and generalized life cycle of a tapeworm.
11. Describe unique features of rotifers that distinguish them from other pseudocoelomates.
12. Define parthenogenesis and describe alternative forms of rotifer production.
13. Define lophophore and list three lophophore phyla.
14. Explain why lophophorates are difficult to assign as protostomes or deuterostomes.
15. List distinguishing characteristics descriptive of the phylum Nemertea.
16. Explain why biologists believe proboscis worms evolved from flatworms.
17. Describe features of digestive and circulatory systems that have evolved in the Nemertea and
are not found in other acoelomate phyla.
18. List characteristics that distinguish the phylum Mollusca from the other animal phyla.
19. Describe the basic body plan of a mollusk and explain how it has been modified in the
Polyplacophora, Gastropoda, Bivalvia, and Cephalopoda.
20. Describe and give examples of each of the Mollusk classes:
Polyplacophora, Gastropoda, Bivalvia, and Cephalopoda.
21. Explain why some zoologists believe that mollusks evolved from ancestral annelids while other
propose that mollusks arose from flatworm-like ancestors.
22. List characteristics that distinguish the phylum Annelida from the other animal phyla.
23. Explain how a fluid-filled septate coelom is used by annelids for burrowing.
24. Distinguish among the classes of annelids and give examples of each.
25. List characteristics of the phylum Nematoda that distinguish it from other pseudocoelomates.
26. Give examples of both parasitic and free-living species of nematodes.
27. List characteristics of arthropods that distinguish them from the other animal phyla.
28. Describe advantages and disadvantages of an exoskeleton.
29. Distinguish between hemocoel and coelom.
30. Provide evidence for an evolutionary link between Annelida and Arthropoda.
31. Describe major independent arthropod lines of evolution represented by the subphyla:
Trilobitomorpha, Crustacea, Cheliceriformes, and Uniramia.
32. Explain what arthropod structure was a preadaptation for living on land.
33. Distinguish among the following arthropod classes and give an example of each: Arachnida,
Crustacea, Diplopoda, Chilopoda, Insecta.
34. Distinguish between incomplete metamorphosis and complete metamorphosis.
35. List three characteristics shared by the deuterostome phyla that distinguish them from
protostomes.
36. List characteristics of echinoderms that distinguish them from other animal phyla.
37. Describe the structure and function of a water vascular system. Name the parts.
38. Distinguish among the classes of echinoderms and give examples of each.
39. Do the self-quiz on page 628 (1-10).