Download ASTRONOMY TEST 1 – STUDY GUIDE The layer of the Sun`s

ASTRONOMY TEST 1 – STUDY GUIDE
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The layer of the Sun’s atmosphere that makes light, and is what we see from Earth or an image of the Sun is
referred to as the _______________.
A.
chromosphere
B.
photosphere
C.
corona
D. core
Which is the process that occurs in the Sun’s core that joins hydrogen atoms to form helium and create energy?
A.
nuclear burning
B.
nuclear fission
C.
nuclear fusion
D. nuclear energy
The corona sends out electrically charged particles that normally do not reach the Earth, known as
_______________.
A.
solar winds
B.
prominences
C.
sunspots
D. solar disruptions
A huge looping band of gases that normally connect or appear near sunspots are known as _______________.
A.
solar flares
B.
solar winds
C.
sunspots
D. prominences
Which features on the Sun are areas that are cooler and therefore do not give off as much heat?
A.
auroras
B.
solar flares
C.
prominences
D. sunspots
Uranus is different from nearly all other objects in space because it _______________.
A.
is solid
B.
is the largest planet
C.
rotates from top to bottom
D. does not revolve around the Sun
The outer and inner planets differ because inner planets have _______________.
A.
gaseous surfaces
B.
rocky surfaces
C.
thick atmospheres
D. icy cores
Compared with the Earth, Venus has _______________.
A.
a cooler surface
B.
a higher surface temperature
C.
no atmosphere
D. lower surface pressure
_______________ is the third planet in our Solar System.
A.
Mercury
B.
Pluto
C.
Venus
D. Earth
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_______________ is the largest known planet in our Solar System.
A.
Jupiter
B.
Pluto
C.
Earth
D. Neptune
A comet’s tail grows larger as it _______________.
A.
nears the Sun and is blown by the solar wind
B.
travels to the outside of the Solar System
C.
nears Earth
D. radiates energy
_______________ is most like the Earth in size and is called Earth’s twin.
A.
Mercury
B.
Venus
C.
Mars
D. Saturn
If a meteor hits Earth, it is called a(n) _______________.
A.
meteorite
B.
meteoroid
C.
comet
D. asteroid
If a comet is headed directly to the Sun’s center and after nearing the Sun the head of the comet is never seen
again, one can infer _______________.
A.
that it was an asteroid
B.
that solar wind blew it off course
C.
that it was burned up by the Sun’s heat
D. that it moved into orbit around Jupiter
According to the chart below, Neptune takes longer than Mars to go around the Sun. Why is this?
PLANET
PERIOD OF REVOLUTION IN
EARTH-TIME
Mars
687 days
Neptune
165 years
A.
Because Neptune has a thicker methane atmosphere.
B.
Because Neptune is farther from the Sun.
C.
Because Neptune has eight moons and rings.
D. Because Neptune is the biggest of the planets.
In comparison to Earth, the planets located farther out from the Sun have a _______________.
A.
shorter period of rotation
B.
shorter period of revolution
C.
longer period of rotation
D. longer period of revolution
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A.
B.
C.
D.
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A.
B.
C.
D.
The tail of a comet always points away from the Sun because _______________.
A.
the tail of the comet is lighter than the head
B.
the Sun’s solar wind blows the tail outward
C.
the Sun’s gravity attracts the tail of the comet
D. energy from other planets pulls the tail of the comet
There are many meteors that enter Earth’s atmosphere, but very few of them actually land on Earth. Most of
the ones that do not strike the Earth _______________.
A.
turn around and travel back into space
B.
dissolve in the moisture in our atmosphere
C.
burn up from friction as they move through the atmosphere
D. just disappear and we do not know why
The Sun is the most massive object in our solar system. If the Sun were not present, what would happen to the
planets in the solar system?
A.
Their momentum would keep them going in their orbits.
B.
Their inertia would send them in a straight line out into space.
C.
The orbits would collapse into the area where the Sun once was.
D. They would explode.
Because of the pull of gravity of the Sun on the moving planets, they follow _______________.
A.
a straight path through space
B.
an inward path toward the Sun
C.
a perfectly circular path around the Sun
D. a curved, elliptical path around the Sun
Which planet is farthest away from the sun?
A. Mercury
B. Venus
C. Uranus
D. Pluto
Our solar system consists of many different types of objects. Which one of the following objects is not
part of our solar system?
the outer planets
asteroids
the inner planets
nearby stars
How many planets are said to be in our solar system?
6
7
8
12
24.
A
B
C
D
Which sequence correctly identifies the planets?
1 – Mars, 2 – Venus, 3 – Earth, and 4 – Mercury
1 – Mercury, 2 –Venus , 3 – Earth, and 4 – Mars
1 – Venus, 2 – Mars, 3 – Earth, and 4 – Mercury
1 – Venus, 2 – Earth, 3 – Mars, and 4 – Mercury
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A
B
C
D
Which of the four planet descriptions is most correct?
Venus – nearly the same size as Earth; has run-away greenhouse effect that makes it very hot.
Mars – extremely thin atmosphere, one side very hot and the other side very cold.
Mercury – considerably colder than Earth and covered with a thick, dark atmosphere.
Venus – like Earth but colder; has a much thinner atmosphere than Earth, with little water or oxygen.
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A
B
C
D
What is the name of the process that causes Venus’ surface temperature to be so high?
the blanketing process
the ceiling effect
the insulation process
the greenhouse effect
27.
A giant storm that is always going and appears from space like a red spot is found on which planet?
A Jupiter
B Mars
C Mercury
D Neptune
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A
B
C
D
Which planet is the largest in the solar system?
Jupiter
Neptune
Saturn
Uranus
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A
B
C
D
Which planet is smaller than Earth?
Mars
Neptune
Saturn
Uranus
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A
B
C
D
Which planet has a very thin atmosphere?
Jupiter
Mars
Saturn
Venus
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A
B
C
D
Which planet is almost the same size as Earth?
Mars
Neptune
Saturn
Venus
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A
B
C
D
Which planet is hotter than Earth?
Jupiter
Mars
Pluto
Venus
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A
B
C
D
The sun’s atmosphere has three layers, plus the core. What is the correct order of these layers, starting
from the outermost to the innermost layer?
corona, chromosphere, photosphere
corona, photosphere, chromosphere
photosphere, corona, chromosphere
chromosphere, photosphere, corona
34.
A
B
C
D
What feature on the sun causes the electrically charged particles in the solar wind to increase?
sunspots
solar flares
coronas
solar loops
35.
When electrically charged particles cause the gases in the
atmosphere to glow, the Northern Lights become visible.
What are the Northern Lights are also called?
A
B
C
D
Northern Lanterns
umbras and penumbras
australia eclipses
aurora borealis
36.
Red and Green Northern Lights in Fairbanks, AL
Max notices that his cell phone no longer has a signal, his
TV and radio will not tune in any stations, and there are
colorful lights in the sky. What type of storm is Max most likely experiencing?
a solar storm
a tornado
a magnetic storm
a thunder storm
A
B
C
D
37.
How can you identify the chromospheres during a total solar eclipse?
___________________________________________________________________________________________
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38.
What are three similarities among the inner planets? _______________________________________________
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39.
Why does Mercury have a greater range of temperatures than any other planet?
___________________________________________________________________________________________
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40.
Why is Mars called the “red planet”? ____________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
41.
Which four planets are known as the gas giants?
___________________________________________________________________________________
42.
What is the composition of the gas giants? ________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
43.
Describe the composition of the rings that surround the gas giants.
___________________________________________________________________________________
44.
Draw our solar system and include (in order): the Sun, all of the inner planets, all of the outer planets,
and the Asteroid belt. Be sure to label everything.