Download Reinforcement and extension Science, Geography and History

Primary
Reinforcement
and extension
Science, Geography and History
5
Contents
Reinforcement Worksheets
Worksheet 1 Living things ......................
Worksheet 2 Classification of living
things ................................
Worksheet 3 Plant classification .............
Worksheet 4 Plant nutrition ....................
Worksheet 5 Plant reproduction .............
Worksheet 6 Invertebrates .....................
Worksheet 7 Arthropods and molluscs ...
Worksheet 8 Vertebrates: fish,
amphibians, reptiles
and birds ...........................
Worksheet 9 Vertebrates: mammals .......
Worksheet 10 The digestive process ........
Worksheet 11 Respiration and excretion ...
Worksheet 12 Circulation .........................
Worksheet 13 Matter and its properties ....
Worksheet 14 Changes in matter
and changes of state..........
Worksheet 15 The atmosphere
and the hydrosphere..........
Worksheet 16 The geosphere...................
Worksheet 17
Changes in the surface
of the Earth........................
Worksheet 18 Landscapes .......................
Worksheet 19 Coastal landscapes ............
Worksheet 20 Rivers ................................
Worksheet 21 The watersheds of Spain ....
Worksheet 22 Climate ..............................
Worksheet 23 Population .........................
Worksheet 24 Population movement ........
Worksheet 25 The population of Spain .....
Worksheet 26 Work .................................
Worksheet 27 Economic sectors ..............
Worksheet 28 Prehistory ..........................
Worksheet 29 Antiquity ............................
Worksheet 30 The Visigoths .....................
Worksheet 31 Al Andalus and the first
Christian kingdoms ............
Worksheet 32 The Early Modern period....
Worksheet 33 Modern and Contemporary
Spain.................................
Extension Worksheets
Worksheet
Worksheet
Worksheet
Worksheet
Worksheet
1
2
3
4
5
..................
..................
..................
..................
..................
36
38
40
42
44
Worksheet 6
Worksheet 7
Worksheet 8
Worksheet 9
Worksheet 10
...............
...............
...............
...............
...............
46
48
50
52
54
Worksheet
Worksheet
Worksheet
Worksheet
11
12
13
14
...............
...............
...............
...............
56
58
60
62
Santillana
The Reinforcement and extension Worksheets for Science, Geography and History,
New Science, for Year 5 of Primary Education is a collective work, created, written
and developed in the Primary Education department at Santillana Educación, S.L.
under the supervision of JOSÉ LUIS ALZU GOÑI.
Ilustrations: Domingo Benito, Nacho Gómez and José Santos
Content Editor: Mar García
English Language Specialist: Jeannette West
English Language Editor: Mady Musiol
Editorial Coordination: Michele C. Guerrini
© 2006 by Richmond Publishing
4 Kings Street Cloisters
Albion Place
London W6 0QT
© 2006 by Santillana Educación, S.L.
Torrelaguna, 60, 28043 Madrid
Richmond Publishing is an imprint
of Santillana Educación, S.L.
CP: 886992
Depósito legal:
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,
photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission in writing of
the publisher.
Worksheet
1
Reinforcement
Name
Date
Remember
In nature there are living things and non-living things. Living things depend
on three basic life processes: nutrition, sensitivity and reproduction.
Living things are made up of cells.
1. Match the two columns.
Ingest food substances, transform them for
their utilisation and eliminate waste.
Reproduction
© 2006 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S. L.
Nutrition
Perceive what is happening around them
and respond to what they perceive.
Sensitivity
Create offspring similar to themselves.
2. Label the parts of the plant cell.
nucleus
cytoplasm
membrane
wall
3. True or False? Write T or F.
A cell is the smallest unit which makes up living and non-living things.
Cells have three parts: membrane, nucleus and plasma.
Cells group together to form tissues.
Living things made up of many cells are called unicellular.
■ Living things
3
Worksheet
2
Reinforcement
Name
Date
Remember
Living things are classified into large groups called kingdoms.
The three principal kingdoms are the animal kingdom, the plant kingdom
and the fungi kingdom.
2. Match the characteristics to the kingdom.
They make their own food.
They are anchored to the ground.
They have a nervous system
and sense organs.
Plants
They depend on other living things for food.
Fungi
They move from one place to another.
■ Answer the questions.
• How are fungi and plants similar?
• How are fungi and animals similar?
4
Animals
■ Classification of living things
© 2006 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S. L.
1. Label the pictures: animal kingdom, plant kingdom or fungi kingdom.
Worksheet
3
Reinforcement
Name
Date
Remember
Plants can be classified into: non-flowering plants and flowering plants.
Non-flowering plants never produce flowers or seeds.
They reproduce with spores. Examples are mosses and ferns.
Flowering plants produce flowers and seeds to reproduce.
They can be classified into angiosperms and gymnosperms.
1. Complete the word map.
© 2006 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S. L.
Plants
non-f
p
m
f
f
p
a
g
2. Complete the sentences.
stems
spores
gymnosperms
•
fruit
cones
angiosperms
are special cells which germinate and create a new plant
in the right conditions.
• Ferns have thick underground
and large leaves.
• Gymnosperm seeds are grouped together in
• Angiosperm seeds develop inside the
•
• Most
■ Plant classification
.
.
are called deciduous plants. This is the most numerous plant group.
are trees.
5
Worksheet
4
Reinforcement
Name
Date
Remember
Plants make their own food in a process called photosynthesis.
They need water, minerals, carbon dioxide and sunlight. Plants also breathe.
1. Label the drawing.
carbon dioxide
© 2006 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S. L.
•
•
xylem vessels
•
raw sap
water and minerals
•
2. Complete the word map.
water
food
minerals
oxygen
Photosynthesis
▲
6
■ Plant nutrition
plant leaf
sunlight
Worksheet
5
Reinforcement
Name
Date
Remember
Plants use sexual reproduction or asexual reproduction to reproduce.
• Sexual reproduction uses flowers and seeds. There are three stages:
pollination, seed formation and fruit formation.
• Asexual reproduction uses other plant parts like tubers, bulbs
or stolons.
1. Label the parts of the flower.
© 2006 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S. L.
ovary
sepal
petal
stamens
ovules
•
•
•
•
•
2. Order the stages of plant reproduction. Write 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5.
The flower changes into a fruit.
Pollination takes place.
Pollen forms on the stamen.
The seeds germinate.
Seeds form inside the fruit.
3. Match the two columns.
Bulbs
are horizontal stems which develop roots and create
new plants when a node touches the ground.
Stolons
are thick subterranean stems which store
many nutritive substances.
Tubers
are horizontal, subterranean stems.
■ Plant reproduction
7
Worksheet
6
Name
8
■ Invertebrates
Reinforcement
Date
Worksheet
8
Reinforcement
Name
Date
Remember
Fish live in water, have skin covered with scales, breathe through gills
and are oviparous.
Amphibians live in water when they are born and on land when they are adults.
They develop lungs, are oviparous, and their skin has no protective covering.
Reptiles have skin covered with hard scales, breathe through lungs
and lay eggs on land.
Birds have skin covered with feathers, have wings, breathe through lungs
and lay eggs on land.
fish
reptiles
amphibians
• They live in water and breathe through gills.
• They are born in water and their skin has no protective covering.
• They have scales and breathe through lungs.
• They lay eggs on land and have wings.
▼ ▼ ▼ ▼
birds
© 2006 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S. L.
1. Identify the invertebrate groups.
2. Complete the table. Tick ✓ the boxes.
Fish
Oviparous
Amphibians
Reptiles
Birds
✓
Lungs
Gills
✓
Scales
3. What do fish, amphibians, reptiles and birds have in common? Tick ✓.
10
They are invertebrates.
They breathe through gills.
They have legs.
They have scales.
They are oviparous.
They swim.
They have feathers.
They breathe through lungs.
They are vertebrates.
■ Vertebrates: fish, amphibians, reptiles and birds
Worksheet
9
Reinforcement
Name
Date
Remember
Mammal characteristics: most have four limbs; a body covered with hair or fur;
they breathe air through lungs; the young develop inside the female’s body
and feed on the mother’s milk; they are warm-blooded.
The principal mammal groups are: marsupials, primates, ruminants,
carnivores, bats, cetaceans, rodents and insect eaters.
animal
hair
lungs
terrestrial
vertebrate
legs
viviparous
carnivore
2. Label the pictures with the mammal group each animal belongs to.
r
p
r
c
b
c
3. Use the words to identify the animal described.
bats
cetaceans
• They have eyes on the front of the head.
• They are the only mammals which fly.
• They have no hind limbs.
• They have many small, sharp teeth.
■ Vertebrates: mammals
primates
insect eaters
▼ ▼ ▼ ▼
© 2006 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S. L.
1. Tick ✓ the words which describe mammals.
11
Worksheet
13
Reinforcement
Name
Date
Remember
Everything in the universe is made up of matter. Matter is made up of
tiny particles called atoms.
Matter can be classified into: pure substances, which are made of only one
kind of element or compound, or mixtures, which are made of several pure
substances.
Matter has general properties like mass and volume, and characteristic
properties like density.
■ What is the difference between pure substances and mixtures? Explain.
2. Use the words to describe a homogeneous and a heterogeneous mixture.
Rememberthat individual components cannot be distinguished in
homogeneous mixtures, but in heterogeneous mixtures they can.
marbles
flour
milk
sugar
cocoa
water
Homogeneous mixture
Heterogeneous mixture
3. Match each property of matter with the correct definition.
Mass per unit volume.
Volume
The amount of matter in an object.
Density
The amount of space an object occupies.
Mass
© 2006 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S. L.
• water
• granite
▼▼
• bread
• flour
▼▼
© 2006 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S. L.
1. Identify and write pure substance or mixture.
Worksheet
14
■ Matter
Name
Reinforcement
and its properties
Date
15
Worksheet
14
Reinforcement
Name
Date
Remember
Matter can undergo chemical changes like oxidation, combustion and
putrefaction, and physical changes like fragmentation, expansion, movement,
contraction, as well as changes of state.
When matter changes from one state to another, a change of state occurs.
There are six types of changes: melting, solidification, boiling, evaporation,
condensation and sublimation.
1. Identify the change of matter taking place.
• An object changes position.
• An object gets bigger when the temperature rises.
• A substance changes when it reacts with oxygen.
• An object gets smaller when it is cooled.
• An organic substance changes when it decomposes.
■ Now classify the changes.
Physical changes
Chemical changes
2. Identify and write the change of state taking place.
b
16
m
■ Changes in matter and changes of state
c
c
m
e
o
c
p
© 2006 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S. L.
▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼
• A substance changes when it burns.
Worksheet
15
Reinforcement
Name
Date
Remember
The atmosphere is the layer of air which surrounds the Earth. It is made up
of various layers. The troposphere is the lowest layer. Plants and animals can
only live here, and weather phenomena occur here.
The hydrosphere is all the water on the planet.
The water cycle is the constant circulation of water on the Earth.
1. Complete the text.
© 2006 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S. L.
stratosphere
The
air
ozone
troposphere
atmosphere
oxygen
is the layer of air which surrounds the Earth.
is a mixture of gases, but it is mostly nitrogen and
.
The atmosphere is made up of various layers. The lowest layer is the
;
the only layer where plants and animals can live. Weather phenomena occur here. The
next layer is the
. The upper part of this layer contains an area with
a high concentration of ozone, called the
layer.
2. Label the stages
of the water cycle.
evaporation
condensation
solidification
melting
■ The atmosphere and the hydrosphere
17
Worksheet
16
Reinforcement
Name
Date
Remember
The geosphere is the solid part of the Earth. It has three layers: crust, mantle
and core.
Rocks are natural materials which make up the Earth’s crust. Rocks are
made of minerals. Rocks can be classified into three types, depending on
how they are formed: sedimentary, igneous or metamorphic.
1. Label the parts of the geosphere.
•
•
•
c
c
2. Tick ✓ the correct answer.
• The geosphere …
… is the part of the Earth which is under the oceans.
… is the solid part of the Earth.
• Rocks are …
… solid materials which make up the Earth’s crust and mantle.
… natural materials which make up the Earth’s crust.
• Minerals are …
… pure substances which make up rocks.
… very hard rocks.
• Depending on how they are formed, rocks can be …
… minerals.
… sedimentary, igneous or metamorphic.
18
■ The geosphere
© 2006 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S. L.
m
Worksheet
17
Reinforcement
Name
Date
Remember
The surface of the Earth changes continuously. Some changes originate
internally, such as volcanoes and earthquakes.
Other changes originate externally as a result of erosion, transport
and deposition or sedimentation.
1. Write the correct word. Then use the words to label the drawing.
▼
▼
v
• A circular opening at the top of the volcano.
▼
• An area around the crater where materials
l
c
• A vent through which the magma goes up.
▼
• Very hot liquid rock.
v
© 2006 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S. L.
accumulate.
•
•
•
•
2. Match the two columns.
Erosion
Transport
Deposition and
sedimentation
■ Changes in the surface of the Earth
Movement of eroded material.
The processes which leave eroded
materials in other places.
Removal of soil and rock material by
wind, water or ice.
19
Worksheet
18
Reinforcement
Name
Date
Remember
All the different features of the surface of the Earth make up the landscapes.
Mountain landscapes include mountains and valleys.
Plains are large areas of flat land with no hills or slopes.
They include plateaus, depressions, and coastal plains.
1. Look at the drawing. Match the two columns.
mountain
mountain chain
valley
hill
plateau
plains
depression
mountain •
valley •
mountain range •
mountain chain •
plateau •
depression •
plains •
hill •
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
very low mountains
low areas between mountains
large areas of flat land
several mountains grouped together
plains which are lower than the surrounding land
raised part of the surface of the Earth
a long line of mountains
plains with a very high altitude
■ Explain the difference between plains and mountains.
20
■ Landscapes
© 2006 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S. L.
mountain range
Worksheet
19
Reinforcement
Name
Date
Remember
The coast is the area where the land meets the sea. Coastal plains are
low-lying coasts and often have long, sandy beaches. Mountainous or very
elevated coasts are called high coasts. They usually have rocky cliffs and coves.
Some coastal landforms are: capes, gulfs, peninsulas, islands, marshes and
estuaries.
© 2006 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S. L.
1. Look at the drawing.
cape
gulf
estuary
bay
isthmus
archipelago
peninsula
lagoon
marsh
island
■ Use coastal landforms to complete the sentences.
• An e
is a tidal opening where part of a river meets the sea.
• Ag
is a place where the sea extends into the land.
• Ap
is a piece of land almost completely surrounded by water.
• Am
• Ai
■ Coastal landscapes
is a wetland which forms near the mouth of a river.
is a piece of land completely surrounded by water.
21
Worksheet
20
Reinforcement
Name
Date
Remember
Rivers are moving bodies of water. They originate in the mountains and
flowinto the sea, a lake or another river. We can distinguish three elements
in a river:
The course is the route a river takes from its source to the mouth.
The flow is the amount of water a river carries.
The flow regime is the flow pattern of a river during the year.
Flow
Flow regime
Curso
Río
The flow pattern of a river during the year.
A moving body of water.
The amount of water that a river carries.
The route a river takes from its source to the mouth.
2. Complete and label the three courses of a river.
u
c
The river is narrow and the
water moves swiftly.
m
l
c
The river is wider and the water
moves very slowly.
22
■ Rivers
c
The river is wide and the water
flows slowly.
© 2006 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S. L.
1. Match the two columns.
Worksheet
21
Reinforcement
Name
Date
Remember
Rivers that flow into the same sea belong to the same watershed.
The rivers in Spain belong to three watersheds: the Cantabrian,
the Mediterranean and the Atlantic.
1. Look at the map. Write the name of one river in each watershed.
of
Biscay
FRANCE
The Cantabrian watershed
▼
© 2006 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S. L.
ANDORRA
A
R
U
Balearic
Islands
A TLAN TIC
OC EA N
The Mediterranean watershed
▼
SCALE
127
Ceuta
Kilometres
Melilla
ATLANTIC OCEAN
Canary Islands
WATERSHEDS
Cantabrian
The Atlantic watershed
▼
Mediterranean
Atlantic
2. Complete the sentences.
Cantabrian
Mediterranean
• The rivers in the
Atlantic
watershed are short and have irregular
flow regimes, except for the Ebro.
• The rivers in the
watershed have abundant flow and regular
flow regimes like the Mino and Duero.
• The rivers in the
watershed are short, swift rivers with regular
flow regimes and abundant flow like the Nalon.
■ The watersheds of Spain
23
© 2006 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S. L.
Bay
Worksheet
28
Reinforcement
Name
Date
Remember
Prehistory extends from the time the first human beings appeared
up to the invention of writing. It can be divided into two periods:
The Stone Age gets its name from the stone used to make simple tools.
This period can be divided into the Palaeolithic and the Neolithic.
The Age of Metals gets its name from the metals used to make tools.
In this period, people invented the plough and wheel, and also built
the first cities.
A
B
Stone arrowheads
Bronze head
• Picture A is from the
because
• Picture B is from the
because
2. Complete the word map.
Prehistory
Age of
P
30
■ Prehistory
Age of
N
© 2006 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S. L.
1. Look at the pictures. Then complete the sentences.
Worksheet
29
Reinforcement
Name
Date
Remember
Antiquity is the first period of recorded history. On the Iberian Peninsula,
Antiquity can be divided into two periods:
In pre-Roman times, the peninsula was inhabited by Iberian and Celtic
tribes. Later came the colonising civilisations: Phoenicians, Greeks and
Carthaginians.
Roman times began more than two thousand years ago when the Romans
conquered the peninsula after defeating the Carthaginians.
© 2006 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S. L.
1. Order the arrival of the civilisations on the peninsula. Write 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5.
Phoenicians
Iberians and Celts
Romans
Carthaginians
Greeks
2. Look at the map. What does it represent?
Tick ✓ the correct answer.
GALLAETIA
TARRACONENSIS
The Roman provinces of Hispania.
LUSITANIA
CARTAGINENSIS
Prehistoric archaeological sites.
The first inhabitants.
BAETICA
Roman roads.
■ Write the names of the Roman provinces in Hispania.
■ Antiquity
31
Worksheet
30
Reinforcement
Name
Date
Remember
In 409, different Germanic tribes invaded Roman Hispania. The Vandals,
Alans and Suevi arrived first. The Visigoths came later.
The Visigoths ruled over the entire peninsula. Toledo was the capital of their
kingdom.
The Visigoth kings unified religion and laws throughout the peninsula.
In 409 Germanic tribes invaded Hispania.
The Visigoths unified the peninsula.
Toledo was the capital of the Visigoth kingdom.
The Germanic tribes were Romans.
2. Complete the table.
They came
from …
They invaded Hispania
in the year …
They came
after the …
The Visigoths
3. Tick the correct answer.
• Who were the Visigoths?
The Visigoths were a Germanic tribe from central Europe who settled
on the peninsula.
The Visigoths were allies of the Romans.
• Which Visigoth king unified the laws?
Reccared
Recceswinth
• What language and religion did the Visigoths adopt?
Latin and Christianity
Greek and Islam
• Where did the Visigoths live?
In cities.
32
■ The Visigoths
In villages.
© 2006 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S. L.
1. True or False? Write T or F.
Worksheet
31
Reinforcement
Name
Date
Remember
In 711 a small force of Muslims invaded the Iberian Peninsula. Al Andalus
was the name Muslims gave to the land they conquered.
Around the year 100, Al Andalus broke up into small independent kingdoms
called taifas.
The Christians remained in the north of the peninsula. In 1230
the Christian territory was divided into four large kingdoms:
the Kingdom of Navarre, the Crown of Aragon, the Crown of Castile and Portugal.
• A force of Muslims invaded the peninsula.
• Al Andalus was divided into taifas.
• The Catholic Monarchs conquered the Kingdom of Granada.
• The Christian territories were divided into four
▼ ▼ ▼
1. When did these events occur? Write the year.
▼
© 2006 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educación, S. L.
In 1492, the Catholic Monarchs conquered Granada, the last taifa
kingdom.
large kingdoms.
2. Complete the sentences.
caliph
king
mosque
• A Muslim temple is called a
Romanesque
.
• The maximum authority of Al Andalus was a
.
• At the beginning of the Middle Ages, Christians used an artistic style called
.
• The maximum authority of the Christians was a
.
3. What were taifas? Explain
■ Al Andalus and the first Christian kingdoms
33
websites
http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/space/solar-system/earth.html
http://www.topmarks.co.uk/Interactive.aspx?cat=68
http://www.topmarks.co.uk/Interactive.aspx?cat=96
http://www.globalclassroom.org/2005/inservice/science.html
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/scienceclips/index_flash.shtml
http://www.xtec.es/~ealonso/flash/mapasflash.htm
http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/medieval/history/highmiddle/reconquista.htm
http://www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/learning/primary/geography/