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Myers’ Psychology for AP Name: __________________________ Unit 1 Study Sheet Psychology’s History and Approaches (Appendix E-1) What is Psychology? 1. Describe the evolution of scientific psychology from its early pioneers to contemporary concerns. Learning Objective (LO) #1 empiricism – People LO#2 Socrates Plato structuralism – Aristotle introspection – Rene Descartes Francis Bacon functionalism – John Locke experimental psychologists – 2. Describe the evolution of psychology as defined from the 1920s through today. LO #3 Wilhelm Wundt behaviorists – Edward Titchener humanistic psychology – William James Mary Calkins cognitive neuroscience – Margaret Washburn psychology – Sigmund Freud Contemporary Psychology 3. Summarize the nature-nurture debate in psychology, and describe the principle of natural selection. LO #4 John Watson nature-nurture issue – B.F. Skinner natural selection – 4. Identify the three main levels of analysis in the biopsychosocial approach, and explain why psychology’s varied perspectives are complementary. LO #5 levels of analysis – biopsychosocial approach – biological perspective – evolutionary perspective – psychodynamic perspective – behavioral perspective – cognitive perspective – humanistic perspective – Charles Darwin social-cultural perspective – 5. Identify some of psychology’s subfields, and explain the difference between clinical psychology and psychiatry. LO #6 psychometrics – basic research – developmental psychologists – educational psychologists – personality psychologists – social psychologists – applied research – industrial-organizational psychologists – human factors psychologists – counseling psychology – clinical psychology – psychiatry – Unit 1 Competition Review Unit 1 Test Reading People video and activity
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