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S1Table. Baseline characteristics of included study Regimens Author Ref. Journal Country of study Drug resistance Culture Particip Male sex weight HIV-positive CD4 count cavitation Duration Follow-up condition medium ants no.(%) (mean±SD) Age (mean±SD) no.(%) median (IQR) no.(%) (month) (month) Susceptible to R, Z, M. LJ solid 277 186 (67) ------ ------ 60(28) ------ ------ 6 6 Resistant to H: 9.0%. medium 146 91 (62) 34.1±11.9 56.2±9.9 5(3) ------ 101(69) 6 18 381 275(72) 31 (26, 40)a ------ 41(11) 221(112, 334) 283(74) 6 6 101 271(27) 40 ------ 1015(100) ------ ------ 6, 9 26.2b 1674 1166(70) ------ ------ 123(7) ------ 1170(70) 4, 6 18 416 108 (26) ------ 43.6 0 ------ ------ 4, 6 28, 30m 593 379(64) ------ ------ 158(27) 314(253, 441) ------ 4, 6 12-18 Inclusion Criteria compared Age ≥18y, Am. J. sputum-positive TB, less Burman et al. 24 Respir. Crit. Africa, North America HRZE; HRZM than 7d fluoroquinolone 2006 Care. Med. antibiotic or anti-TB treatment within 6m. Age ≥18y, drug sensitive, Conde et al. smear-positive TB 20 Lancet Brazil HRZE; HRZM 2009 without previous LJ solid and Susceptible to H, R, E. liquid media treatment. Age ≥18 years, Am. J. Dorman et al. North America, Brazil, South 19 Respir. Crit. 2009 sputum-positive TB, Susceptible to H, R, Z, LJ solid and without previous M. liquid media HRZE; MRZE Africa, Spain, Uganda Care. Med. treatment. Age ≥18 years with HIV, El-Sadr et al. Clin. Infect. 14 1998 LJ solid culture-confirmed TB, United States HRZE; HRZELo Dis. Susceptible to H, R. meidum less than 1 month anti-TB chemotherapy. South Africa, India, Tanzania, Gillespie et al. N. Engl. J. 18 2014 Age ≥18y, smear-positive Susceptible to R, M. TB, previously untreated, Resistant to H: 7%; Z susceptible to R and FQs. 2%. HRZE; HRZM; Kenya, Thailand, Malaysia, Med. LJ solid and MRZE Zambia, China, Mexico liquid media Age≥18y, newly diagnosed, Jawahar et al Susceptible to H, R, E, HRZE; HRZM; 23 PLoS One South India 2013. sputum-positive HRZG O: 90.9%. Resistant to LJ solid media HIV-negative TB patients. any drug: 9.1%. Age>18y,weight ≥35 kg, Jindani et al. N. Engl. J. South Africa, Zimbabwe, Med. Botswana, and Zambia 17 2014 LJ solid and smear-positive, less than HRZE; MRZE Susceptible to H, R, M 1 month anti-TB chemotherapy. liquid media Age ≥18 years, newly Kennedy et al. Am Rev 12 1993 Susceptible to H, R, E, Northern Tanzania HRZE, HRC diagnosed, smear-positive LJ solid media 20 10 (50) 30.3 ------ 40% ------ ------ 2 2 168 115(68) 34.8 49.3±7.66 58(35) ------ 107(64) 6 12 1692 1230(73) ------ ------ 304(18) ------ 857(51) 4, 6 28, 30 217 145(67) 31.5±9.1 55.2±7.9 127(59) 204(94) 6 6 ------ 3, 4, 6 27, 28, 30 Respir Dis TB. C. Age ≥18 y, newly Kennedy et al. Clin. Infect. 11 1996 Susceptible to H, R, Z, Tanzania HRZE; HRC LJ solid diagnosed, smear-positive Dis. meidum TB. E, C Age: 18-65y, newly Merle et al. N. Engl. J. Benin, Guinea, Kenya, Senegal, 22 2014 Susceptible to R, Z, E, HRZE; HRZG Med. diagnosed sputum Durban LJ solid meida G. Resistant to H: 5.5%. positive TB. Age: 18-65y, weight: Int. J. Rustomjee et 13 Tuberc. HRZE; HRZG; 38-80 kg, newly HRZM; HRZO diagnosed, smear-positive KwaZulu Natal al. 2008 LJ solid and Susceptible to R. 246.7(100, liquid midia 348) Lung. Dis. TB. Age ≥18 y, Susceptible to H, R, E, Velayutham et Clin Infect 21 al. 2014 smear-positive TB South India Dis HRZE; HRZEM without HIV, less than 1 month treatment. O: 86.4%. Resistant to any drug: 13.6%. H: isoniazid; R: rifampicin; Z: pyrazinamide; E: ethambutol; C: ciprofloxacin; O: ofloxacin; Lo: levofloxacin; M: modifloxacin; G: gatifloxacin; FQs: fluroquinolones. LJ: Löwenstein-Jensen IQR = interquartile range a : results expressed as median (IQR) b : median follow-up time LJ solid media 780 198 (25) ------ ------ 0 ------