Download DNA review 4B

DNA review 4B
1. What number carbon connects to the phosphate group?
2. Where does the connection occur between the purines and the sugar? Between the pyramidines and
sugar?
3. Compare and contrast transcription and translation?
4. DNA and RNA have how many phosphate groups per nucleotide?
5. Where is DNA found?
6. Who’s rule describes that the quantity of purines must equal the quantity of pyramidines?
7. What is a codon?
8. List and describe the function of each of the three types of RNA.
9. Illustrate ribose and deoxyribose, explain the difference.
10. How many hydrogen bonds will form between A and T? between C and G?
11. What kind of bonds complete the sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA?
12. Which enzyme works to separate the complimentary strands of DNA (double helix)?
13. In what order is the lagging strand of DNA transcribed?
14. Where does translation occur?
15. What is the structural difference between DNA and RNA?
16. What is transcription and where does it take place?
17. What is the function of RNA polymerase?
18. What does a nucleotide consist of?
19. What are exons?
20. What type of mutation has occurred when UUU mutates to UUC?
21. What type of mutation has occurred when UGC mutates to UGA?
22. Transcribe the following DNA to mRNA:
TAC ACT GAC TCT AAA CTG AGT ACT
23. Using the mRNA above determine the resulting amino acid chain.
24. Illustrate the nucleotide sequence dAMP and dTMP.
25. Describe what happens during the elongation portion of translation.
DNA/RNA Review Questions 2B
1. If UCU is changed to UCC, what type of mutation has occurred – why?
2. What provides energy during translation?
3. Illustrate and explain the difference between ribose and deoxyribose.
4. What catalyzes the phosphodiester linkage?
5. List and describe the three steps of translation.
6. What is the role of mRNA and tRNA?
7. Describe a codon.
8. Where does the glycosidic bond form between the purine bases and the sugar? Between the pyramidine
bases and the sugar?
9. How many hydrogen bonds exist between T and A?
10. What is helicase used for?
11. Which direction is the mRNA translated?
12. What is the shape of 2 chains of nucleotides that are coiled around a common axis?
13. Transcribe the following DNA to mRNA:
TAC ACT GAC TCT AAA CTG AGT ACT
14. Using the above mRNA sequence, determine the resulting amino acid sequence.
15. Which of the following carries the genetic coding: intron or exon?
16. Identify the start codon.
17. How do promoters work in DNA transcription?
18. Explain Chargaff’s rule.
19. What is the difference between thymine and uracil?
20. If a mutation has occurred in a sequence but the same amino acids are produced a _____________
mutation has occurred.
21. What is special about the code for methionine?
22. How many phosphate groups are on ADP?
23. What is the difference between a nucleoside and a nucleotide?
24. Illustrate the portion of a single strand DNA composed of dGMP and dTMP.
25. What is the purpose of PCR?