Download Name - East Physical Science

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Name: _________________________
Period: ________________
A. A machine that does work with only one movement is a _simple machine_______.
B. ___Lever___________________- bar that is free to pivot about a fixed point called
the fulcrum
a. ___Effort___________________ arm is the part of the lever on which effort
force is applied.
b. ___Resistance____________________ arm is part of the lever that exerts the
resistance force.
c. Three classes of levers based on ____Location__________ of effort force,
resistance force, and fulcrum.
i. __1st Class___________________ lever- fulcrum is located between the
effort and resistance forces; multiples and changes direction of
force.
d. Calculating ideal mechanical advantage (IMA) of a lever-IMA equals
length of __input_________________________ arm divided by the length of
output arm.
C. Grooved wheel with a rope, simple chain, or cable running along the groove is a
__pulley___________________, which is a modified first-class lever.
a. A _fixed______________ pulley is attached to something that doesn’t move;
force is not multiplied but direction is changed; IMA = 1.
b. A __movable_________ pulley has one end of rope fixed and the wheel free
to move; multiplies force; IMA = 2.
c. _block and tackle_____— system of pulleys consisting of fixed and movable
pulleys; IMA = number of ropes supporting resistance weight.
D. _Wheel and axle_________________— machine with two wheels of different sizes
rotating together; modified lever form.
a. IMA = radius of wheel _divided_____________ by the radius of axle
b. Gears________ are a modified form of the wheel and axle.
E. _Ramp__________—sloping surface that reduces the amount of force required to
do work.
a. IMA = length of slope (effort distance) __divided______ by height of slope
(resistance distance).
b. _Less Force____________ is required if a ramp is longer and less steep.
F. _Screw_______—inclined plane wrapped in a spiral around a cylindrical post.
G. Inclined plane with one or two sloping sides is a _wedge______________.
H. __Complex machine____________________—uses a combination of two or more
simple machines.