Download energy engineering - Kalasalingam University

M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
REGULATION 2010
KALASALINGAM UNIVERSITY
(Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education)
Anand Nagar, Krishnankoil – 626 190
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
M.Tech (ENERGY ENGINEERING)
Course Code
THEORY
MAT5009
MEC5101
MEC5102
MEC5103
MEC5104
MECxxxx
PRACTICAL
MEC5181
SEMESTER - I
Course Name
L
T
P
C
Applied Mathematics
Advanced Heat Transfer
Advanced Thermodynamics
Advanced Fluid Mechanics
Fuels and Combustion
Elective I
3
3
3
3
3
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
3
3
3
3
3
Energy Laboratory
0
15
0
0
3
3
2
20
L
T
P
C
3
3
3
3
3
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
3
3
3
3
3
0
15
0
0
3
3
2
20
L
T
P
M
Elective III
Elective IV
Elective V
3
3
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
3
3
Project Work – Phase I
0
9
0
0
18
18
6
15
L
T
P
C
0
0
36
12
Total
Course Code
THEORY
MEC5105
MEC5106
MEC5107
MEC5108
MEC5109
MECxxxx
PRACTICAL
MEC5182
SEMESTER - II
Course Name
Energy Conservation and Management
Environmental Pollution Control
Instrumentation for Thermal Systems
Renewable Energy Systems
Energy Systems Modeling and Analysis
Elective II
Simulation Laboratory
Total
Course Code
THEORY
MECxxxx
MECxxxx
MECxxxx
PRACTICAL
MEC6198
SEMESTER - III
Course Name
Total
Course Code
PRACTICAL
MEC6199
SEMESTER - IV
Course Name
Project Work – Phase II
Total Credits = 67
1
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
REGULATION 2010
LIST OF ELECTIVES
M.Tech (ENERGY ENGINEERING)
Course Code
MEC5002
MEC5018
MEC5019
MEC5020
MEC5021
MEC5023
MEC5111
MEC5112
MEC5113
MEC5114
MEC5115
MEC6002
MEC6004
MEC6005
MEC6006
MEC6010
MEC6012
MEC6015
MEC6020
MEC6022
MEC6024
MEC6101
MEC6102
MEC6103
MEC6104
MEC6105
MEC6106
MEC6107
MEC6108
MEC6109
MEC6110
MEC6111
MEC6112
MEC6113
Course Name
Finite Element Analysis
Heat Treatment Techniques
Computational Fluid Dynamics
Corrosion Engineering
Composite Materials Technology
Artificial Intelligence
Cogeneration and Waste Heat Recovery Systems
Boiler Technology
Fluidized Bed Systems
Design of Heat Exchanger
Thermal Storage Systems
Total Quality Management
Maintenance Management
Research Methodology
Quality Engineering
Metrology and Non Destructive Testing
Advanced Optimization Techniques
Advanced Engineering Metrology and Measurements
Mechanical Testing of Materials
Applied Materials Technology
Industrial Safety Management
Energy Conversion Techniques
Power Generation, Transmission and Utilization
Waste Management and Energy Recovery
Clean Development Mechanism
Solar Energy Systems
Bio Energy Conversion Techniques
Nuclear Engineering
Wind Energy and Other Systems
Aerospace Propulsion
Hypersonic Aerodynamics
High Temperature Gas Dynamics
Advanced Propulsion Systems
Experimental Methods in Fluid Mechanics
2
L
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
T
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
P
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
C
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
REGULATION 2010
SEMESTER I
MAT5009
APPLIED MATHEMATICS
L
3
T
0
P
0
C
3
[(Common for M.Tech (CAD/CAM), M.Tech (Energy) and M.Tech (ASE)]
ONE-DIMENSIONAL WAVE EQUATION
Laplace transform methods for one dimensional wave equation - displacements in a string
- longitudinal vibration of an elastic bar - Fourier transformation methods for one dimensional heat conduction problems in infinite and semi-infinite rod.
LAPLACE EQUATION
Laplace equation - properties of harmonic functions - Fourier transformation methods for
Laplace equation - solutions for Poisson equation by Fourier transform method.
VARIATION AND ITS DERIVATIVES
Variation and its properties - Euler's equation - Functional dependent on first and higher
order derivatives - Functional dependent on functions of several independent variables Some applications - Direct methods - Ritz and Kantorovich methods.
SOLUTION OF LAPLACE EQUATION
Solution of Laplace and Poisson equation on a rectangular region by Liebmann's method Diffusion equation by the explicit and Crank Nicolson - implicit methods - stability and
Convergence criterion - Solution of wave equation by explicit scheme.
SCHWARZ - CHRISTOFFEL TRANSFORMATION
The Schwarz - Christoffel transformation - Transformation of boundaries in parametric
form - Physical applications - Application to fluid flow - Application to heat flow.
Text Book
1. Sneddon, I. N., Elements of partial differential equations, McGraw-Hill, 1986.
References
1. Spiegel, M. R., Theory and problems of complex variables with an introduction to
conformal mapping and its applications, Schaum's outline series, McGraw-Hill
Book Co., 1987.
2. Sankara Rao, k., Introduction to partial differential equations, Prentice-Hall of
India, New Delhi, 1995.
3. Elsgolts, L., Differential equation and calculus of variations, Mir Publishers,
Moscow, 1966.
3
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
MEC5101
REGULATION 2010
ADVANCED HEAT TRANSFER
L
3
T
0
P
0
C
3
CONDUCTION AND RADIATION HEAT TRANSFER
One dimensional energy equations and boundary condition, three-dimensional heat
conduction equations, extended surface heat transfer, conduction with moving
boundaries, radiation in gases and vapour - gas radiation and radiation heat transfer in
enclosures containing absorbing and emitting media – interaction of radiation with
conduction and convection.
TURBULENT FORCED CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER
Momentum and energy equations, turbulent boundary layer heat transfer, mixing length
concept, turbulence model – K Є model, Analogy between heat and momentum
transfer – Reynolds, Colburn, Prandtl turbulent flow in a tube, high speed flows.
PHASE CHANGE HEAT TRANSFER AND HEAT EXCHANGER
Condensation with shear edge on bank of tubes, boiling – pool and flow boiling, heat
exchanger, Є – NTU approach and design procedure, compact heat exchangers.
NUMERICAL METHODS IN HEAT TRANSFER
Finite difference formulation of steady and transient heat conduction problems –
Discretization schemes – explicit, Crank Nicholson and fully implicit schemes, control
volume formulation, steady one dimensional convection and diffusion problems,
calculation of the flow field – SIMPLER algorithm.
MASS TRANSFER AND ENGINE HEAT TRANSFER CORRELATION
Mass transfer, vaporization of droplets, combined heat and mass transfer, heat transfer
correlations in various applications like I.C. Engines, compressors and turbines.
Text Book
1. Incropera, F. P. and DeWitt, D.P., Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer, John
Wiley and Sons, 1996.
References
Ozisik, M. N., Heat Transfer – Basic Approach, McGraw-Hill Co., 1985.
Schlichting, Gersten, Boundarylayer Theory, Springer, 2000.
P.K. Nag, Heat Transfer, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2002.
Rohsenow, W. M., Harnett, J. P, and Ganic, E. N., Handbook of Heat Transfer
Applications, McGraw-Hill, NY1985.
5. Ghoshdasdidar, P. S., Compiler simulation of flow and Heat Transfer, Tata McGrawHill, 1998.
6. Patankar, S. V., Numerical heat Transfer and Fluid flow, Hemisphere Publishing
Corporation,
1980.
1.
2.
3.
4.
4
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
MEC5102
REGULATION 2010
ADVANCED THERMODYNAMICS
L
3
T
0
P
0
C
3
AVAILABILITY ANALYSIS AND THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTY RELATIONS
Availability, irreversibility and second-law efficiency for a closed system and steady state control volume - availability analysis of simple cycles - thermodynamic potentials,
Maxwell relations, generalized relation for changes in entropy, internal energy and
enthalpy, generalized relations for Cp and Cv Clausius Claypeyron equation, Joule Thomson Coefficient, Bridgman tables for thermodynamic relations.
REAL GAS BEHAVIOUR AND MULTI-COMPONENT SYSTEMS
Different equations of state, fugacity, compressibility, principle of corresponding states,
use of generalized charts for enthalpy and entropy departure, fugacity coefficient, LeeKesler generalized three parameter tables - fundamental property relations for systems of
variable composition, partial molar prosperities, real gas mixtures, ideal solution of real
gases and liquids, equilibrium in multi phase systems, Gibbs phase rule for non-reactive
components.
CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS AND EQUILIBRIUM
Thermo chemistry, first law analysis of reacting systems, adiabatic flame temperature,
entropy change of reacting systems, second law analysis of reacting systems, criterion for
reaction equilibrium composition.
STATISTICAL THERMODYNAMICS
Microstates and macro states, thermodynamic probability, degeneracy of energy levels,
Maxwell-Boltzmann, Fermi-Dirac and Bose-Einstein statistics, microscopic interpretation
of heat and work, evaluation of entropy, partition function, calculation of the microscopic
properties from partition functions.
IRREVERSIBLE THERMODYNAMICS
Conjugate fluxes and forces, entropy production, Onsager’s reciprocity relations, thermoelectric phenomena and formulations.
Text Book:
1.
Kenneth Wark, Jr., Advanced Thermodynamics for Engineers, McGraw-Hill
Inc., 1995.
References:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Bejan, A., Advanced Engineering Thermodynamics, John Wiley and Sons,
1998.
Holman, J. P., Thermodynamics, Fourth Ediction, McGraw-Hill Inc., 1998.
Smith, J. M and Van Ness., H.C., Introduction to chemical Engineering
Thermodynamics, Fourth Edition, McGraw-Hill Inc., 1987.
Sonntag, R. E., and Vann Wylen, G, Introduction to Thermodynamics,
Classical and Statistical, third Edition, John Wiley and Sons, 1991.
DeHoft, R. T. Thermodynamics in Materials Science, McGraw-Hill Inc.,
1993.
Rao, Y. V. C., Postulational and Statistical thermodynamics, Allied Publisher
Limited, New Delhi, 1994.
5
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
MEC5103
REGULATION 2010
ADVANCED FLUID MECHANICS
L
3
T
0
P
0
C
3
INTRODUCTION
Ideal and non-ideal flows, general equations of fluid motion, Navier - stokes equations
and their exact solutions. Boundary layer theory, wedge flows, laminar flow over plates
and through cylinders.
TWO DIMENSIONAL FLOWS
Subsonic flow, physical significance of irrotational motion – Kelvin’s theorem –
differential equation in terms of velocity potential and stream function – flow with small
purtubaration – flow past a wave shaped wall – Gothert’s rule – Prandtl Glanert rule –
Hodograph method.
TURBULENT FLOW
Turbulence, models and flow equations - steady and unsteady turbulent boundary layers.
COMPRESSIBLE FLOW THROUGH DUCTS
Introduction to compressible viscous flow, governing equations, flow with friction flow
with heat transfer, flow though nozzle and diffusers.
SHOCK WAVE
Normal and oblique shocks – Prandtl – Meyer expansion – Rankine – Hugnoit relation,
Application of method of characteristics applied to two dimensional cases – simple
supersonic wind tunnel, design of supersonic wind tunnel and nozzle.
Text Book:
1. T. Radhakrishnan, Gas Dynamics Prentice Hall, New Delhi, 1993.
References:
1. Mohanty, A. K, Fluid Mechanics, Prentice Hall of India, 1986.
2. Shapiro, A. F., The Dynamics of Compressible flow V d 1, The Ronald Press
company, 1963.
3. Shames, Mechanics of Fluids, McGraw Hill Book company, 1962.
4. Schlichting, H., Boundary layer theory McGraw Hill Book Company, 1979.
5. S. M. Yahya, Fundamentals of Compressible Flow, New Age International
Publishers, 1996.
6
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
MEC5104
REGULATION 2010
FUELS AND COMBUSTION
L
3
T
0
P
0
C
3
CHARACTERIZATION
Fuels - types and characteristics of fuels - determination of properties of fuels - fuels
analysis - proximate and ultimate analysis - moisture determination - calorific value gross and net calorific values - Calorimetry - DuLong’s formula for CV estimation - flue
gas analysis - Orsat apparatus - fuel and ash storage and handling – spontaneous ignition
temperatures.
SOLID FUELS AND LIQUID FUELS
Types - coal family - properties - calorific value - ROM, DMMF, DAF and bone dry
basis - ranking - bulk and apparent density - storage - washability - coking and caking
coals - renewable solid fuels - biomass - wood waste - agro fuels - manufactured solid
fuels - types - sources - petroleum fractions - classification - refining - properties of
liquid fuels - calorific value, specific gravity, flash and fire point, octane number, cetane
number etc, - alcohols - tar sand oil - liquification of solid fuels.
GASEOUS FUELS
Classification - composition and properties - estimation of calorific value - gas
calorimeter. rich and lean gas - Wobble index - natural gas - dry and wet natural gas stripped NG - foul and sweet NG - LPG - LNG - CNG - methane - producer gas gasifiers - water gas - town gas - coal gasification - gasification efficiency - non-thermal
route - biogas - digesters - reactions - viability - economics.
COMBUSTION: STOICHIOMETRY AND KINETICS
Stoichiometry - mass basis and volume basis, excess air calculation - fuel and flue gas
compositions - calculations - rapid methods - combustion processes - stationary flame
surface or flameless combustion - submerged combustion - pulsating and slow
combustion explosive combustion - mechanism of combustion - ignition and ignition
energy - spontaneous combustion - flame propagation - solid, liquid and gaseous fuels
combustion - flame temperature - theoretical, adiabatic and actual - ignition limits - limits
of inflammability.
COMBUSTION EQUIPMENTS
Coal burning equipments - types - pulverized coal firing - fluidized bed firing - fixed bed
and recycled bed - cyclone firing - spreader stokers - vibrating grate stokers - sprinkler
stokers, traveling grate stokers - oil burners - vaporizing burners, atomizing burners design of burners - gas burners - atmospheric gas burners - air aspiration gas burners burners classification according to flame structures - factors affecting burners and
combustion.
Text Book:
1. Samir Sarkar, Fuels and Combustion, 2nd Edition, Orient Longman, 1990.
7
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
REGULATION 2010
References:
1. Bhatt, Vora Stoichiometry, 2nd Edition, Tata Mcgraw Hill, 1984.
2. Blokh AG, Heat Transfer in Steam Boiler Furnace, Hemisphere Publishing Corpn,
1988.
3. Civil Davies, Calculations in Furnace Technology, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1966.
4. Sharma SP, Mohan Chander, Fuels and Combustion, Tata Mcgraw Hill, 1984.
8
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
MEC5181
REGULATION 2010
ENERGY LABORATORY
Renewable Energy
 Performance testing of solar water heater.
 Characteristics of Solar photovoltaic devices.
 Testing of Gasifier.
 Study of biogas plant.
 Properties of fuel oils, biomass, biogas.
 Solar Radiation measurement.
Energy Conservation
 Boiler efficiency testing.
 Motor and pump efficiency testing.
 Energy consumption measurement of lighting systems.
 Variable Frequency Drive.
 Heat Exchangers.
 Refrigeration and Air conditioning systems.
Study of Advanced Energy Systems
 Fuel Cell.
 Geo Thermal Energy.
 Thermal Storage Systems.
9
L
0
T
0
P
3
C
2
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
REGULATION 2010
SEMESTER II
MEC5105
ENERGY CONSERVATION AND
MANAGEMENT
L
3
T
0
P
0
C
3
INTRODUCTION
Energy scenario – India and world – energy resources availability in India – energy
consumption – pattern, energy conservation potential – various industries and commercial
establishments, energy intensive industry – an overview - energy conservation and energy
efficiency – needs and advantages, energy auditing – types, methodologies, barriers, role
of energy manager – energy audit questionnaire – energy conservation act.
THERMAL ENERGY AUDITING
Energy audit – purpose, methodology with respect to process industries, power plants,
boilers etc. – characteristic method employed in certain energy intensive industries –
various energy conservation measures in steam systems – losses in boiler – methodology
of upgrading boiler programme – energy conservation in refrigeration and airconditioning systems.
ELECTRICAL ENERGY SYSTEMS
Captive power generation systems – biomass, wind and diesel power generation – KVA
demand estimation – wheeling and banking concept – EB bill detailing. basics of
monitoring and targeting – elements of monitoring and targeting, data and information
analysis techniques – energy consumption, production, Cumulative sum of differences
(CUSUM).
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF ELECTRICAL
UTILITIES
Principle – types – performance evaluation of transformers, energy distribution - cable
selection and cable losses, capacitors, electric motors, electrical heating and lighting
systems.
ENERGY MANAGEMENT
Importance of energy management, energy economics – discount rate, payback period,
internal rate of return, life cycle costing risk and sensitivity analysis, financing, energy
performance contract and role of ETCOS.
Text Book
1. Hamies, Energy Auditing and Conservation; Methods, Measurements,
Management and Case Study, Hemisphere, Washington, 1980.
References
1. CB Smith, Energy Management Principles, Pergamon Press, New York, 1981.
2. Trivedi, P. R., and Jolka, K. R., Energy Management, Common Wealth
Publication, New Delhi, 1997.
3. Handbook on Energy Efficiency, TERI, New Delhi, 2001.
4. Write, Larry C, Industrial Energy Management and Utilization, Hemisphere
Publishers, Washington, 1998.
10
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
MEC5106
REGULATION 2010
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION CONTROL
L
3
T
0
P
0
C
3
INTRODUCTION
Global atmospheric change – green house effect –ozone depletion - natural cycles - mass
and energy transfer – material balance – environmental chemistry and biology – impacts
– environmental legislations.
AIR POLLUTION
Pollutants - sources and effect – air pollution meteorology – atmospheric dispersion –
indoor air quality - control methods and equipments - issues in air pollution control – air
sampling and measurement.
WATER POLLUTION
Water resources - water pollutants - characteristics – quality - water treatment systems –
wastewater treatment - treatment, utilization and disposal of sludge - monitoring
compliance with standards.
WASTE MANAGEMENT
Sources and classification – solid waste – hazardous waste - characteristics – collection
and transportation - disposal – processing and energy recovery – waste minimization.
OTHER TYPES OF POLLUTION FROM INDUSTRIES
Noise pollution and its impact - oil pollution - pesticides - instrumentation for EIA test water pollution from tanneries and other industries and their control – environment
impact assessment for various projects – case studies.
Text Book
1. G. Masters Introduction to Environmental Engineering and Science, Prentice Hall
of India Pvt Ltd, New Delhi, 2003.
References
1. H. S. Peavy, D. R. Rowe, G. Tchobanoglous Environmental Engineering -
McGraw- Hill Book Company, New York, 1985.
2. H.Ludwig, W.Evans, Manual of Environmental Technology in Developing
Countries, International Book Company, Absecon Highlands, N.J., 1991.
3. Arcadio, P. Sincero and G. A. Sincero, Environmental Engineering – A Design
Approach, Prentice Hall of India Pvt Ltd, New Delhi, 2002.
11
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
REGULATION 2010
INSTRUMENTATION FOR THERMAL
SYSTEMS
MEC5107
L
3
T
0
P
0
C
3
MEASUREMENT CHARACTERISTICS
Instrument classification, characteristics of instruments – static and dynamic,
experimental error analysis, systematic and random errors, statistical analysis,
uncertainty, experimental planning and selection of measuring instruments reliability of
instruments.
MICROPROCESSORS AND COMPUTERS IN MEASUREMENT
Data logging and acquisition use of intelligent instrument for error reduction, elements of
micro-computer interfacing, intelligent instruments in use.
MEASUREMENT OF PHYSICAL QUANTITIES
Measurement of thermo-physical properties, instruments for measuring temperature
pressure and flow, use of intelligent instruments for the physical variables.
FLOW VISUALISATION
Techniques, shadow graph, Schileren, interferometer, Laser Doppler anemometer, heat
flux measurement, Telemetry in engines.
MEASUREMENT ANALYSIS
Chemical, thermal, magnetic and optical gas analyzers, measurement of smoke, dust and
moisture, gas chromatography, spectrometry, measurement of pH, Review of basic
measurement techniques.
Text Book
1.
Holman, J. P., Experimental methods for engineers, McGraw-Hill, 1958.
References
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Barney, Intelligent Instrumentation, Prentice Hall of India, 1988.
Prebrashensky. V., Measurement and Instrumentation in Heat Engineering,
Vol.1 and 2 MIR Publishers, 1980.
Raman, C. S. Sharma, G.R., Mani, V.S.V., Instrumentation Devices and
Systems, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 1983.
Doeblin, Measurement System Application and Design, McGraw-Hill, 1978.
Morris, A. S, Principles of Measurements and Instrumentation Prentice Hall of
India, 1998.
12
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
MEC5108
REGULATION 2010
RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS
L
3
T
0
P
0
C
3
INTRODUCTION
World energy use – reserves of energy resources – environmental aspects of energy
utilisation – renewable energy scenario in India – potentials – achievements –
applications.
SOLAR ENERGY
Solar thermal – flat plate and concentrating collectors – solar heating and cooling
techniques – solar desalination – solar pond – solar cooker – solar thermal power plant
solar photo voltaic conversion – solar cells – PV applications.
WIND ENERGY
Wind data and energy estimation – types of wind energy systems – performance – details
of wind turbine generator – safety and environmental aspects.
BIOMASS ENERGY
Biomass direct combustion – biomass gasifier – biogas plant – ethanol production – bio
diesel – cogeneration – biomass applications.
OTHER RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
Tidal energy – wave energy – open and closed OTEC cycles – small hydro – geothermal
energy – fuel cell systems.
Text Book
1. G.D. Rai, Non Conventional Energy Sources, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi,
1999.
References
1. S. P. Sukhatme, Solar Energy, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Ltd., New
Delhi, 1997.
2. Godfrey Boyle, Renewable Energy, Power for a Sustainable Future, Oxford
University Press, U.K, 1996.
3. Twidell, J. W. and Weir, A., Renewable Energy Sources, EFN Spon Ltd., UK,
1986.
4. G. N. Tiwari, Solar Energy – Fundamentals Design, Modelling and applications,
Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi, 2002.
5. L. L. Freris, Wind Energy Conversion systems, Prentice Hall, UK, 1990.
6. Johnson Gary, L., Wind Energy Systems, Prentice Hall, New York, 1985.
13
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
MEC5109
REGULATION 2010
ENERGY SYSTEMS MODELLING AND
ANALYSIS
L
3
T
0
P
0
C
3
INTRODUCTION
Primary energy analysis - dead states and energy components-energy balance for closed
and control volume systems - applications of energy analysis for selected energy system
design - modelling overview- levels and steps in model development - examples of
models – curve fitting and regression analysis.
MODELLING AND SYSTEMS SIMULATION
Modelling of energy systems – heat exchanger, solar collectors, distillation, rectifications,
turbo machinery components, refrigeration systems - information flow diagram, solution of
set of nonlinear algebraic equations, successive substitution, Newton Raphson - examples of
energy systems simulation.
OPTIMISATION
Objectives-constraints, problem formulation - unconstrained problems - necessary and
sufficiency conditions - constrained optimisation- LaGrange multipliers, constrained
variations, linear programming - simplex tableau, pivoting, sensitivity analysis.
ENERGY- ECONOMY MODELS
Multiplier analysis - energy and environmental Input / Output analysis - energy
aggregation – econometric energy demand modelling - overview of econometric methods
- dynamic programming - search techniques - Univariate / Multivariate.
APPLICATIONS AND CASE STUDIES
Case studies of optimisation in energy systems problems- dealing with uncertainty probabilistic techniques - trade-offs between capital and energy using Pinch analysis.
Text Book:
1. W. F. Stoecker, Design of Thermal Systems, McGraw Hill, 1981.
References:
1. A. Bejan, G. Tsatsaronis and M. Moran, Thermal Design and Optimization, John
Wiley and Sons, 1996.
2. S. S. Rao, Optimization theory and applications, Wiley Eastern, 1990.
3. S.S. Sastry, Introductory methods of numerical Analysis, Prentice Hall, 1988.
4. P. Meier, Energy Systems Analysis for Developing Countries, Springer Verlag,
1984.
5. R. de Neufville, Applied Systems Analysis, McGraw Hill, International Edition,
1990.
6. Beveridge and Schechter, Optimization Theory and Practice, McGraw Hill, 1970.
14
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
MEC5182













REGULATION 2010
SIMULATION LABORATORY
Steady state conduction in solids.
Steady state natural convection.
Steady state radiation between black bodies.
Combined conduction and convection (fluid - solid).
Unsteady state conduction in solids.
Unsteady state conduction and convection (fluid – solid).
Steady state conduction in fluids.
Steady state forced convection
Steady state radiation between grey bodies.
Combined conduction and convection in Fluids.
Unsteady state conduction and convection in fluids.
Solar radiation model.
Energy system simulations.
15
L
0
T
0
P
3
C
2
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
REGULATION 2010
LIST OF ELECTIVES
MEC5002
FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS
L
3
T
0
P
0
C
3
[Common for M.Tech (CAD/CAM) AND M.Tech (Energy Engineering)]
INTRODUCTION TO FEA
Historical background, weighted residual methods - basic concept of FEM variation
formulation of boundary value problems - Ritz method - finite element modeling element equation - linear and quadratic shape functions - bar, beam, elements application to heat transfer.
HEAT TRANSFER AND FLUIDMECHANICS
Basic boundary value problems in 2 dimensions - triangular, quadrilateral, higher order
elements - poisons and laplaces equation - weak formulation - element matrices and
vectors - application to solid mechanics, heat transfer, fluid mechanics.
ISO-PARAMETRIC ELEMENT
Natural co-ordinate systems - lagrangian interpolation polynomials - isoparametric,
elements - formulation numerical integration – one dimensional - two dimensional
triangular elements - rectangular elements - illustrative examples.
PLANE STRESS AND STRAIN
Introduction to theory of elasticity - plane stress - plane strain and axisymetric
formulation - principle of virtual work - element matrices using energy approach.
STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS APPLICATIONS
Dynamic analysis - equation of motions - mass matrices - free vibration analysis - natural
frequencies of longitudinal - transverse and torsional vibration introduction to transient
field problem - non linear analysis -uses of softwares - H and P elements - special element
formulation.
Text Book
1. Reddy, J. N., An Introduction to the Finite Element Method, McGraw Hill,
International Edition,1993
References
1. Segerlind, L. J., Applied Finite Element Analysis, John Wiley, 1984.
2. Rao, S. S, Finite Element Method in Engineering, Pergamon Press, 1989.
3. Chandrupatla and Belagundu, Finite Element in Engineering, Prentice Hall of
India Private Ltd, 1997.
4. Cook,Robert, Davis, et.al, Concept and Applications of Finite Element Analysis,
Wiley, John and Sons,1999.
5. George, R, Buchaman, Schaum's Outline of Finite Element Analysis,
McGraw Hill Company, 1994.
16
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
MEC5018
REGULATION 2010
HEAT TREATMENT TECHNIQUES
L
3
T
0
P
0
C
3
[Common for M.Tech (CAD/CAM) and M.Tech (Energy Engineering)]
PROCESS
Technological aspects of heat treatment, viz., types of furnaces, controlled atmospheres
during heat treatment, modem quenching techniques etc. Conventional types of heat
treatment techniques.
MODERN SURFACE HARDENING
Modern surface hardening - Surface modification processes like laser hardening,
bronzing, plasma nitrating, Ion implantation, and Vapour deposition etc, Precipitation
hardening and strengthening.
HEAT TREATMENT OF STEEL AND SUPER ALLOYS
Structure and properties of martensite in steels and non-ferrous alloys. Retained austenite.
Cryogenic treatment. Heat treatment of tool steels and special alloy steels such as TRIP
steels, maraging steels, PH stainless steels - Heat treatment of cobalt and nickel base
super alloys. Special aspects of heat treatment of titanium alloys and their structure property relationships
HEAT TREATMENT FOR DEPOSITS
Diffusion aspects in electroplated and electroless plated components – Micro-structural
changes for coated tools – Effect of heat treatment on the deposits produced by PVD and
CVD process.
CASE STUDIES ON METALLURGICAL ASPECTS OF HEAT TREATMENT
Structural changes - binary alloy, binary alloy with crystalline and amorphous
combination – Studies on crystallite size and micro strain.
TEXT BOOK
1. ASM Handbook Volume 04: Heat Treating, ISBN-13
2. Howard E. Boyer (1984), Practical Heat Treating (Hardcover) by, ASM
International Publisher.
REFERENCES
1. George E. Totten, Maurice A.H. Howes (1997), Steel Heat Treatment Handbook,
CRC Publications, 1st edition.
MEC5019
COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS
17
L
T
P
C
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
REGULATION 2010
3
0
0
[(Common for M.Tech (CAD/CAM) AND M.Tech (Energy Engineering)]
3
GOVERNING DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION AND FINITE DIFFERENCE
METHOD
Classification, initial and boundary conditions, initial and boundary value problems finite difference method, central, forward, backward difference, uniform and non uniform grids, numerical errors, grid independence test.
CONDUCTION HEAT TRANSFER
Steady one-dimensional conduction, two and three dimensional steady state problems,
transient one-dimensional problem, two-dimensional transient problems.
INCOMPRESSIBLE FLUID FLOW
Governing equations, stream function – verticity method, determination of pressure for
viscous flow, simple procedure of Patankar and Spalding, computation of boundary layer
flow, Finite difference approach.
CONVECTION HEAT TRANSFER AND FEM
Steady one-dimensional and two-dimensional convection – diffusion, unsteady onedimensional convection – diffusion, unsteady two -dimensional convection – diffusion introduction to finite element method – solution of steady heat conduction by FEM –
incompressible flow – simulation by FEM.
TURBULENCE MODELS
Algebraic models – one equation model, K -  models, standard and high and low
Reynolds number models, prediction of fluid flow and heat transfer using standard codes.
Text Book:
1. Muralidhar, K., and Sundararajan, T., Computational Fluid Flow and Heat
Transfer, Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi, 1995.
References:
1. Ghoshdasdidar, P. S., Computer Simulation of flow and heat transfer, Tata
McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Ltd., 1998.
2. Subas, V. Patankar Numerical heat transfer fluid flow, Hemisphere Publishing
Corporation,1980.
3. Taylor, C., and Hughes, J. B., Finite Element Programming of the Navier Stock
Equation, Pineridge Press Limited, U.K., 1981.
4. Anderson, D. A., Tannehill, J. I., and Pletcher, R. H., Computational fluid
Mechanics and Heat Transfer, Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, New York,
USA, 1984.
5. Fletcher, C. A. J., Computational Techniques for Fluid Dynamics 1, Fundamental
and General Techniques, Springer, Verlag, 1987.
6. Fletcher, C. A. J., Computational Techniques for Fluid Dynamics 2, Specific
Techniques for Different Flow Categories, Springer, Verlag, 1987.
7. Bose, T. X., Numerical Fluid Dynamics, Narosa Publishing House, 1997.
18
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
MEC5020
REGULATION 2010
CORROSION ENGINEERING
L
3
T
0
P
0
C
3
[Common for M.Tech (CAD/CAM) and M.Tech (Energy Engineering)]
Principles:
Corrosion principles -Electro-chemical aspects, environmental effects, metallurgical
aspects. Forms of corrosion -characteristics and mechanisms.
Types of Corrosion:
Types of corrosion – basic classifications.
Corrosion Preventions:
Corrosion prevention -cathodic and anodic protection, inhibitors, coatings and design.
Corrosion in Metals and Alloys:
Metals and alloys, their corrosion resistance to different environments.
Corrosion Testing:
Types and techniques – Instruments – Advances in corrosion testing.
Reference Book:
1. Mars G. Fontana, Corrosion Engineering, Tata McGraw Hill, 1967
2. Pierce R.Roberge, Hand Book of Corrosion Engineering, McGraw Hill, 2005
3. Zaki Anand, Principles of Corrosion Engineering and Corrosion Control, Oxford
Press, 2006
4. R.Winston Revie, Corrosion and Corrosion Control, John Wiley & Sons INC,
2008
19
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
MEC5021
REGULATION 2010
COMPOSITE MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
L
3
T
0
P
0
C
3
[Common for M.Tech (CAD/CAM) and M.Tech (Energy Engineering)]
INTRODUCTION
Limitations of conventional materials - definition of composite materials - types and
characteristics - applications.
MATERIALS
Fibbers - Materials - Fibber reinforced plastics - thermoset polymers - Coupling agents,
fillers and additives - Metal Matrix and Ceramic composites.
MANUFACTURING
Fundamentals - bag moulding - compression moulding pultrusion-filament winding other manufacturing process - quality inspection and non-destructive testing.
MECHANICS AND PERFORMANCE
Introduction to micro-mechanics-unidirectional lamina - laminates - interlaminar stresses
- static mechanical properties - fatigue properties - impact properties - environmental
effects - fracture mechanics and toughening mechanisms, damage prediction, failure
modes.
DESIGN
Failure predictions - design considerations - joint design - codes - design examples.
Optimization of laminated Composites - Application of FEM for design and analysis of
laminated composites.
Text Books:
1. Ronald Gibson, "Principles of Composite Material Mechanics ", Tata McGraw Hill,
1994.
2. Micael hyer, "Stress Analysis of Fiber - Reinforced Composite Materials ", Tata
McGrawHill, 1998.
References:
1. P.K.Mallicak, "Fiber-reinforced composites ", Monal Deklar Inc., New York, 1988.
2. B.D. Agarwal and L.J.Broutman, "Analysis and Performance of Fiber Composites ",
John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1980.
3. F.L.Matthews & R.D.Rawlings, "Composite Materials, Engineering and Sciences ",
Chapman & hall, London, 1994.
20
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
MEC5023
REGULATION 2010
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
L
3
T
0
P
0
C
3
[Common for M.Tech (CAD/CAM) and M.Tech (Energy Engineering)]
INTRODUCTION TO FUZZY LOGIC
Basic concepts in Fuzzy Set theory – Operations of Fuzzy sets – Fuzzy relational
equations – Propositional, Predicate Logic – Inference – Fuzzy Logic Principles – Fuzzy
inference – Fuzzy Rule based systems – Fuzzification and defuzzification – Types.
FUZZY LOGIC APPLICATIONS
Fuzzy logic controllers – Principles – Various industrial Applications of Fuzzy logic
control – Adaptive Fuzzy systems – Fuzzy Decision making – Fuzzy classification –
Fuzzy pattern Recognition – Image Processing applications – Fuzzy optimization.
INTRODUCTION TO ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS
Fundamentals of Neural networks – Neural network architectures – Learning methods –
Taxonomy of Neural Network Architectures – Standard back propagation Algorithms –
Selection of various parameters – Variations.
OTHER ANN ARCHITECTURES
Associative memory – Exponential Bidirectional Associative Memory – Adaptive
Resonance Theory – Introduction – Adaptive Resonance Theory 1 – Adaptive Resonance
Theory 2 – Applications – Kohen Self organizing maps – counter propagation networks –
Industrial Applications.
RECENT ADVANCES
Fundamentals of Genetic Algorithms – Hybrid systems – Meta heuristic techniques like
simulated Annealing, Tabu Search, Ant colony optimization, Perpetual self organizing,
Artificial immune systems – Applications in Design and Manufacturing.
REFERENCES:
1. Klir, G.J. Yuan Bo, ‘Fuzzy sets and Fuzzy Logic: Theory and Applications’, Prentice
Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., 1997.
2. Jacek M. Zurada, ‘Introduction to Artificial Neural Systems’ Jaico Publishing House,
1994
3. Simon Haykin, ‘Neural Networks – A comprehensive foundation’, Prentice Hall, 2nd
Edition, 1998.
4. Laurene Fausett, ‘Fundamentals of Neural Networks, Architectures, Algorithms and
Applications, Prentice Hall, Englewood cliffs, 1994.
5. S. Rajasekaran, GA Vijayalakshmi Pai, ‘Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic and Genetic
Algorithms’, Prentice Hall of India Private Limited, 2003.
21
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
MEC5111
REGULATION 2010
COGENERATION AND WASTE HEAT
RECOVERY SYSTEMS
L
3
T
0
P
0
C
3
INTRODUCTION
Introduction - principles of thermodynamics - cycles-topping, bottoming, combined cycle,
organic Rankine cycle – performance indices of cogeneration systems – waste heat
recovery – sources and types – concept of regeneration.
COGENERATION TECHNOLOGIES
Configuration and thermodynamic performance – steam turbine cogeneration systems,
gas turbine cogeneration systems, reciprocating IC engines cogeneration systems,
combined cycles cogeneration systems – advanced cogeneration systems, fuel cell,
Stirling engines.
ISSUES AND APPLICATIONS OF COGENERATION TECHNOLOGIES
Cogeneration plants- electrical interconnection issues – applications of cogeneration in
utility sector, Industrial sector, building sector, rural sector, impacts of cogeneration
plants – fuel, electricity and environment.
WASTE HEAT RECOVERY SYSTEMS
Selection criteria for waste heat recovery technologies – recuperators, regenerators,
economizers, plate heat exchangers, thermic fluid heaters - waste heat boilersclassification, location, service conditions, design considerations - fluidized bed heat
exchangers, heat pipe exchangers, heat pumps, absorption systems.
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
Investment cost – economic concepts, measures of economic performance, procedure for
economic analysis, examples, procedure for optimized system selection and design – load
curves - sensitivity analysis, regulatory and financial frame work for cogeneration and
waste heat recovery systems.
Text Book
1. Charles H. Butler, Cogeneration, McGraw Hill Book Co., 1984.
References
1. EDUCOGEN – The European Educational tool for cogeneration, Second Edition,
2001.
2. Horlock, JH, Cogeneration - Heat and Power, Thermodynamics and Economics,
Oxford, 1987.
3. Institute of Fuel, London, Waste Heat Recovery, Chapman and Hall Publishers,
London, 1963.
4. Sengupta Subrata, Lee SS EDS, Waste Heat Utilization and Management,
Hemisphere, Washington, 1983.
5. De Nevers, Noel., Air Pollution Control Engineering, McGraw-Hill, New York,
1995.
22
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
MEC5112
REGULATION 2010
BOILER TECHNOLOGY
L
3
T
0
P
0
C
3
INTRODUCTION
Boilers – classification – basic design steps – fuel stoichiometry calculations – enthalpy
calculation of air and combustion products, heat balance.
DESIGN OF COAL PREPARATION SYSTEM
Pulverizing properties of coal – air system for pulverization, size reducing machines –
design of coal preparation system for pulverized coal boilers – fuel feeding arrangements.
DESIGN OF BURNERS
Tangential fired burners – basics and design methods - oil burners – design of supply
system – oil atomizer – air register – design principles.
DESIGN OF BOILER FURNACE
General design principles – flame emissivity, heat transfer calculation for pulverized coal
boiler furnace, water wall arrangement, furnace emissivity, distribution of heat load in
furnace.
DESIGN OF CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER SURFACE
Design of economizer, superheater, reheater, air preheater - temperature control in
superheater and reheater.
Text Book
1. Ganapathy, V. Industrial Boilers and Heat Recovery Steam Generators, Marcel
Dekker Ink, 2003.
References
1. Prabir Basu, Cen Kefa et.al, Boilers and Burners – Design and Theory, Springer,
2000.
2. David Gunn, Robert Horton, Industrial Boilers, Longman Scientific and Technical
Publication, 1986.
3. Carl Schields, Boilers – Type, Characteristics and Functions, McGraw Hill
Publishers, 1982.
23
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
MEC5113
REGULATION 2010
FLUIDIZED BED SYSTEMS
L
3
T
0
P
0
C
3
FLUIDIZED BED BEHAVIOUR
Characterization of bed particles - fluidization phenomena, regimes of fluidization, bed
pressure drop curve, two phase and well mixed theory of fluidization, solids mixing,
particle entrainment and elutriation, features of circulating fluidized beds, comparison of
different methods of gas-solid contacts.
HEAT TRANSFER
Different modes of heat transfer in fluidized bed to wall heat transfer, gas to solid heat
transfer, radiant heat transfer, heat transfer in immersed surfaces, methods for
improvement, external heat exchangers, heat transfer and part load operations.
COMBUSTION AND GASIFICATION
Fluidized bed combustion and gasification, stages of combustion of particles,
performance, start-up methods, pressurized fluidized bed systems, combustion in
Circulating Fluidized Bed boilers.
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Design of distributors – stoichiometric calculations, heat and mass balance, furnace
design, design of heating surfaces, gas solid separators.
INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES
Physical operations like transportation, mixing of fine powders, heat exchange, coating,
drying and sizing, principles of synthesis reactions, cracking and reforming of
hydrocarbons, carbonization and gasification, calcining and clinkering and gas solid
reactions, sulphur retention and oxides of nitrogen emission control.
Text Book
1. Howard, J.R., Fluidized Bed Technology: Principles and Applications, Adam
Hilger, New York, 1983.
References
1. Kunii, D. and Levespiel, O., Fluidization Engineering, John Wiley and Son
Inc, New York, 1969.
2. Geldart, D., Gas Fluidization Technology, John Wiley and Sons, New York,
1986.
3. Howard, J. R. (Ed), Fluidized Beds: Combustion and Applications, Applied
Science Publishers, New York, 1983.
4. Botteril, J. S. M., Fluid Bed Heat Transfer, Academic Press, London, 1975.
5. Basu, P. and Fraser, S. A., Circulating Fluidized Bed Boilers, ButterworthHeinemann, Boston, 1991.
6. Yates, J. G., Fundamentals of Fluidized bed Chemical Processes,
Butterworths, 1983.
7. Reed, T. B., Biomass Gasification: Principles and Technology, Noyes Data
Corporation, New Jersey, 1981.
24
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
REGULATION 2010
L
T
P
3
0
0
[Common for M.Tech (CAD/CAM) and M.Tech (Energy Engineering)]
MEC5114
DESIGN OF HEAT EXCHANGER
C
3
CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS AND HEAT TRANSFER
Types – shell and tube heat exchangers, regenerators and recuperators – industrial
applications – temperature distribution and its implications – analysis of heat
exchangers – LMTD and effectiveness method.
FLOW AND STRESS ANALYSIS
Effect of turbulence, friction factor, pressure loss, stress in tubes, header sheets and
pressure vessels, thermal stresses, shear stresses, types of failures.
DESIGN ASPECTS
Heat transfer and pressure loss, flow configuration, effect of baffles, effect of deviations
from ideality – design of double pipe, finned tube, shell and tube heat exchangers.
COMPACT AND PLATE HEAT EXCHANGERS
Types – merits and demerits, design of compact heat exchangers, plate heat exchangers,
performance influencing parameters, limitations.
CONDENSERS and COOLING TOWERS
Design of surface and evaporative condensers, cooling tower – performance
characteristics.
Text Book:
1. Taborek, T., Hewitt, G. F., and Afgan, N., Heat Exchangers, Theory and Practice,
McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1980.
References:
1. Walker, Industrial Heat Exchangers – A Basic Guide, McGraw Hill Book Co.,
1980.
2. Nicholas Cheremistoff, Cooling Tower, Ann Arbor Science Pub., 1981.
3. Arthur, P. Frass, Heat Exchanger Design, John Wiley and Sons, 1988.
25
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
MEC5115
REGULATION 2010
THERMAL STORAGE SYSTEMS
L
3
T
0
P
0
C
3
INTRODUCTION
Necessity of thermal storage – energy storage devices – comparison of energy storage
technologies, seasonal thermal energy storage.
SENSIBLE HEAT STORAGE SYSTEM
Basic concepts and modeling of heat storage units, modelling of simple water and rock
bed storage system, pressurized water storage system, packed beds.
REGENERATORS
Parallel flow and counter flow regenerators – finite conductivity model, nonlinear model,
transient performance – step changes in inlet gas temperature, step changes in gas flow
rate, parameterization of transient response, heat storage exchangers.
LATENT HEAT STORAGE SYSTEMS
Storage materials, modelling of phase change problems – temperature based model,
enthalpy model, porous medium approach, conduction dominated phase change,
convection dominated phase change.
APPLICATIONS
Specific areas of application of energy storage – food preservation, waste heat recovery,
solar energy storage, green house heating, power plant applications – drying and heating
for process industries.
Text Book
1. Schmidt, F. W., and Willmott, A. J., Thermal Storage and Regeneration,
Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, 1981.
References
1. Lunardini, V. J., Heat Transfer in Cold Climates, D. Van Nostrand, Reinhold,
N.Y 1981.
2. Ibrahim Dincer and Mark A. Rosen, Thermal Energy Storage Systems and
Applications, John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 2002.
26
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
REGULATION 2010
L
T
P
3
0
0
[Common for M.Tech (CAD/CAM) and M.Tech (Energy Engineering)]
MEC6002
TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT
C
3
INTRODUCTION
Philosophy of TQM, customer focus, organisation, top management commitment,
teamwork, quality philosophies of Deming, Crossby and Muller.
QUALITY PROCESS
QC tools, problem solving methodologies, new management tools, work habits, quality
circles, bench marking, strategic quality planning.
QUALITY IMPROVEMENT PROCESS
Quality policy deployment, quality function deployment, standardization, designing for
quality, manufacturing for quality.
ISO SYSTEMS
Need for ISO 9000 system, advantages, clauses of ISO 9000, Implementation of ISO
9000, quality costs, quality auditing, case studies.
IMPLEMENTATION OF TQM
Steps in KAIZEN, 5S, JIT, POKAYOKE, Taguchi methods, case studies.
Text Book
1. Rose., J.E. Total Quality Management, Kogan Page Ltd., 1993.
References
1. John Bank, The Essence of total quality management, PHI 1993.
2. Greg Bounds, Lyle Yorks et al, Beyond Total Quality Management, McGraw Hill,
1994.
27
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
REGULATION 2010
L
T
P
3
0
0
[Common for M.Tech (CAD/CAM) and M.Tech (Energy Engineering)]
MEC6004
MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT
C
3
BASICS
Maintenance functions - Tero technology - maintenance costs - organization for
maintenance - Japanese concept.
RELIABILITY ANALYSIS
Reliability function - useful life - repair time distribution - Weibull application - standby
systems - maintainability and availability - RCM.
MAINTANANCE POLICIES
Maintenance types - Preventive maintenance - PM for functional characteristics and large
scale systems - repair policy - PM and break down maintenance - Statistical applications replacement models.
LOGISTICS
Spare parts control - overall/optimum availability - maintenance planning - priority rules
maintenance staffing UMS - maintenance manual.
ADVANCED TECHNIQUES
Condition monitoring - WDM, SPM, vibration monitoring - maintenance information
system - TPM - maximize equipment effectiveness.
Text Book
1. Edward Hartman, Maintenance Management, Productivity and Quality Publishing
Pvt. Ltd., Madras, 1995.
References
1. Smith D.J. Reliability and Maintainability in perspective, Mac Millan Ltd.,
London, 1985.
2. Seiichi Nakagrima, Introduction to Total Productive Maintenance, Productivity
press (India) Pvt. Ltd.,1993.
MEC6005
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
28
L
T
P
C
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
REGULATION 2010
3
0
0
[Common for M.Tech (CAD/CAM) and M.Tech (Energy Engineering)]
3
INRODUCTION
Observation of research- motivation - types of research - approaches - significance research methods versus methodology - research process - criteria of good research formal science and empirical science - logic of scientific method - hypothetic deductive
method - models - scientific attitude.
LOGICAL APPROACH
Logical approach - soft system approach - creative approach - development of creativity
- group problem solving techniques for idea generation - approaches to management
research problem - investigation of idea by an experienced researcher - pilot study.
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
Experimental research- principles of experiment - laboratory experiments - experimental
designs - quasi - experimental designs - action research - validity and reliability of
experiments and quasi-experiments - sources of invalidity of experiments and quasi experiments - choice of experimental design.
PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION
Exploration for problem identification - hypothesis generation - formulation of the
problem -heuristics and simulation - heuristic optimization- simulation modeling measurement design-primary types of measurement scales - errors in measurementvalidity and reliability in measurement - qualitative research methods.
PRIMARY DATA COLLECTION METHODS
Primary data collection methods - sources of secondary data - non-sampling errors validity and reliability of data collection procedures - data preparation- exploratory data
analysis – statistical estimation - hypothesis testing - Univariate analysis - logic identification of appropriate test- parametric tests - non-parametric tests - Bivariate
analysis and hypothesis testing.
ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTS
Analysis of experiments data - analysis of single factor experiment - Latin square design
randomized 2x2 factorial designs - multivariate analysis of data - dependence and
interdependence analysis - pre-writing consideration - style and composition of the report
- principles of thesis writing - format of reporting - briefing - rules for typing or word
processing.
Text Book
1. Krishnaswamy, K.N. Appa Iyer Sivakumar. M.Mithran Management research
methodology: Integration of principles, methods and techniques’ Pearson
education, Delhi, 2006.
References
1. Panneer selvam .R., Research methodology, PHI India ,2004.
2. Kothari.C.R., Research methodology,1990.
MEC6006
QUALITY ENGINEERING
29
L
3
T
0
P
0
C
3
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
REGULATION 2010
[Common for M.Tech (CAD/CAM) and M.Tech (Energy Engineering)]
CONTROL CHARTS
Quality – Definition, need – variation – causes – control charts for variable X , R and σ
charts – control charts for attributes – p, np, c, u chart, CUSUM charts, Exponential
Weighted Moving Average (EWMA) chart.
ANALYSIS OF PROCESS CONTROL AND MULTIVARIATE QUALITY
CONTROL
Shift in process mean – probability of shift, ARL, process capability analysis, six sigma –
Quality control for two independent variables, two dependent variables – Use of
covariance matrix – Hotelling T control chart – Monitoring process variability.
ACCEPTANCE SAMPLING
Sampling plans – need, types – single sampling plan – OC curve – construction,
interpretation, AOQL, ATI – double sampling plan – probability of acceptance, ASN,
ATI, AOQL – multiple sampling plans – design of sampling plans – use of Dodge Romig
tables, IS2500 Part I and II.
QUALITY MANAGEMENT
TPM – Overall equipment effectiveness, Failure mode effect analysis – Six sigma –
Define Measure Analyse Improve Control (DMAIC) – Repeatability and Reproducibility,
JIT – Kanban, Lean manufacturing.
SYSTEM CERTIFICATION
Need for a quality system, ISO – elements, implementation documentation, auditing, QS
9000 – certification for automobile industries – TS/16949 concepts ISO 14000 –
environmental requirements, Benefits Software quality – CMM levels.
Text Book
1. Mahajan, Statistical Quality Control, Dhanpat Rai and Co (P) Ltd, Third Edition,
2002.
References
1. Dougles C. Montgomery, Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, John Wiley
and Sons, Inc, Fifth Edition, 2004.
2. Eugene L. Grant Richard S., Leven Worth, Statistical Quality Control McGraw
Hill, Seventh Edition, 1996.
3. Kannan SM, Jayabalan V, Total Quality Management, McGraw Hill. Seventh
Edition, 1996.
4. Seiichi Nakajima, Introduction to TPM, RKR Publications, 2005.
5. Sharma DD, Total Quality Management, Sultan Chand and Sons, 2002.
30
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
REGULATION 2010
L
T
P
METROLOGY AND NON DESTRUCTIVE
TESTING
3
0
0
[Common for M.Tech (CAD/CAM) and M.Tech (Energy Engineering)]
MEC6010
C
3
MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS
Tool maker's microscope - co-ordinate measuring machines - universal measuring
machine - laser viewers for production profile checks - image shearing microscope - use
of computers - machine vision technology, microprocessors in metrology.
STATISTICAL METHODS
Data presentation - statistical measures and tools - process capability - confidence and
tolerance limits - control charts for variables and for fraction defectives - theory of
probability - sampling - ABC standard - reliability and life testing.
LIQIUD PENETRANT AND MAGENETIC PARTICAL TESTING
Characteristics of liquid penetrants - different washable systems - developers applications - methods of production of magnetic fields - principles of operation of
magnetic particle test - applications - advantages and limitations.
RADIOGRAPHY
Sources of ray - X-ray production - properties of X rays - film characteristics - exposure
charts - contrasts operational characteristics of X ray equipment - applications.
ULTROSONIC AND ACCOUSTIC EMISSION TECHNIQUES
Production of ultrasonic waves - different types of waves - general characteristics of
waves - pulse echo method - A, B, C scans - principles of acoustic emission techniques advantages and limitations - instrumentation applications.
Text Book
1. Jain, R.K., Engineering Metrology, Khanna Publishers, 1997.
References
1. Barry Hull and Vernon John, Non Destructive Testing, MacMillan, 1988.
2. American Society for Metals, Metals Hand Book, Vol.II, 1976.
3. Progress in Acoustic Emission, Proceedings of 10th International Acoustic
Emission Symposium, Japanese Society for NDI, 1990.
31
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
REGULATION 2010
L T P
3 0 0
[Common for M.Tech (CAD/CAM) and M.Tech (Energy Engineering)]
MEC6012
ADVANCED OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES
C
3
INTRODUCTION
Classification of optimization problems, Applications of optimization, concepts of design vector,
Design constraints, constrains surface, objective function surfaces and multi-level optimization.
OPTIMIZATION – I
Karmakars method of solving L.P.problem, Quadratic programming, non-linear programming –
unconstrained optimization techniques, Basics of constrained optimization.
OPTIMIZATION – II
Integer linear programming methods and application, Introduction to integer non-linear
programming, Basics of geometric programming.
OPTIMIZATION – III
Multi-objective optimization methods and application, Formulation of problems – Separable
programming and stochastic programming.
OPTIMIZATION – IV
Applications of Soft Computing Techniques – GA, SAA, Tabu search, Ants Colony Algorithm,
ANN, Fuzzy Systems, PSO algorithm and other Meta-Heuristics.
REFERENCES:
1.
Singiresu S.Rao, “Engineering optimization – Theory and practices”, John Wiley
and Sons, 1996.
2.
Ravindran – Phillips –Solberg, “Operations Research – Principles and Practice”,
John Wiley and Sons, 1987.
3.
Fredrick S.Hillier and G.J.Liberman, “Introduction to Operations Research”,
McGraw Hill Inc. 1995.
32
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
REGULATION 2010
L
T
P
ADVANCED ENGINEERING METROLOGY
AND MEASUREMENTS
3
0
0
[Common for M.Tech (CAD/CAM) and M.Tech (Energy Engineering)]
MEC6015
C
3
REVIEW ON METROLOGY
Definition of metrology-Linear measuring instruments: Vernier, micrometer, interval
measurement, Slip gauges and classification, interferometery, optical flats, limit gaugesComparators: Mechanical, pneumatic and electrical types, applications.
Angular measurements: -Sine bar, optical bevel protractor, angle Decker – Taper
measurements.
LIMITS, FITS AND TOLERANCES
General Concepts - Units and Standards - Measuring instruments - Sensitivity,
readability, range of accuracy, precision - Static and dynamic response - Repeatability
hystersis - Systematic and random errors – Correction calibration.
Limits – Tolerance - accuracy - fits – Clearance fit, Transition fit, Interference fit.
STATISTICAL QUALITY CONTROL
Fundamental concepts of Quality – Quality – Quality control – Benefits – Limitations –
concept of variation – types – causes – normal curve – theory on control charts – types
CONCEPTS IN SELECTIVE ASSEMBLY
Definition of selective assembly - advantages – disadvantages – application – need methods – concepts of selective assembly .
STUDY OF AN APPLICATION IN THE NEARBY INDUSTRIES
Visiting an Industry – submitting a report.
REFERENCES:
1. ASME Hand book of Industries Metrology, Printice Hall of India1992.
2. “Metrology for Engineers” G.N.Galyer. F.W and C.R. Shotbolt, ELBS edn.1990
3. “A Text Book of Engineering Metrology” I.C. Kupta, Dhanpat Rai and Sons
Publication 1990.
33
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
REGULATION 2010
L
T
P
3
0
0
[Common for M.Tech (CAD/CAM) and M.Tech (Energy Engineering)]
MEC6020
MECHANICAL TESTING OF MATERIALS
C
3
HARDNESS TESTING
Hardness - Hardness tests like Brinell, Rockwell, Vickers, Meyer, Knoop, Shorescleroscope, Poldi & Monotron, relationship with flow curve – Plastic flow analysis
FLOW PROPERTY TESTING
Tension - Engineering & true stress-strain curves, evaluation of tensile properties tensile
instability, effect of strain-rate & temperature on flow properties - Compression Comparison with tension, buckling & barreling. Bending - Pure bending & flexure
formula. Torsion - Stresses for elastic & plastic strain, Torsion vs. Tension - Impact Notched bar impact tests, transition Temperature & metallurgical factors affecting it.
FATIGUE AND CREEP
Fatigue - Stress cycles & S-N curve, effect of variables like mean stress, stress
concentration, surface, size, metallurgical factors etc. Creep - Creep, stress rupture &
stress relaxation tests, development of creep resistant alloys, prediction of long time
properties.
POLYMER TESTING
Polymer testing (sample preparation, testing standards and methods, analysis of polymer
and additives) - problems of polymer (thermoxidative degradation, fire hazards, toxicity,
effluent disposal, feedstock scarcity).
CASE STUDIES
Case studies in failure analysis. Prevention of failures
TEXT BOOK
1. Dowling, Norman E (2006), Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Prentice Hall, 3rd
Edition.
2. Marc Andre Meyers, Krishan Kumar Chawla, Mechanical Behavior of Materials,
Prentice Hall, 1998
REFERENCE
1. Yung-Li Lee, Jwo Pan, Richard Hathaway, Mark Barkey (2004),
Fatigue Testing and Analysis: Theory and Practice, Butterworth-Heinemann.
2. Norman E. Dowling (1998), Mechanical Behavior of Materials: Engineering
Methods for Deformation, Fracture, and Fatigue, Prentice Hall; 2nd edition.
3. Jacek J. Skrzypek and Richard B. Hetnarski (1993), Plasticity and Creep: Theory,
Examples, and Problems, CRC Press
34
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
REGULATION 2010
L
T
P
3
0
0
[Common for M.Tech (CAD/CAM) and M.Tech (Energy Engineering)]
MEC6022
APPLIED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
C
3
ELASTIC AND PLASTIC BEHAVIOUR
Elasticity in metals and polymers - mechanism of plastic deformation, role of
dislocations, yield stress, shear strength of perfect and real crystals - strengthening
mechanisms, work hardening, solid sectioning, grain boundary strengthening, poly phase
mixture, precipitation, particle, fiber and dispersion strengthening - effect of temperature,
strain and strain rate on plastic behaviors - super plasticity - deformation of noncrystalline material.
FRACTURE BEHAVIOUR
Griffith theory, stress intensity factor and fracture toughness - Toughening mechanisms ductile, brittle transition in steel - high temperature fracture, creep - Larson-Miller
parameter - deformation and fracture mechanism maps - fatigue, low and high cycle
fatigue test, crack initiation and propagation mechanisms and Paris law - effect of surface
and metallurgical parameters on fatigue - fracture of non metallic materials - failure
analysis, sources of failure, procedure of failure analysis.
SELECTION OF MATERIALS
Motivation for selection, cost basis and service requirements - selection for mechanical
properties, strength, toughness, fatigue and creep - selection for surface durability
corrosion and wear resistance - relationship between materials selection and processing case studies in materials selection with relevance to aero, auto, marine, machinery and
nuclear applications.
MODERN METALLIC MATERIALS
Dual phase steels, micro alloyed, High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA) steel, transformation
induced plasticity (TRIP) steel, maraging steel - intermetallics, Ni and Ti aluminides smart materials, shape memory alloys - metallic glass - quasi crystal and nano crystalline
materials.
NON METALLIC MATERIALS
Polymeric materials - formation of polymer structure - production techniques of fibers,
foams, adhesives and coatings - structure, properties and applications of engineering
polymers - advanced structural ceramics, WC, TiC, TaC, AI2O3, SiC, Si3N4, CBN and
diamond - properties, processing and applications.
Text Book
1. Thomas H.Courtney, Mechanical Behaviour of Materials, (2nd Edition), McGrawHill, 2000.
References
1. Charles J.A., Crane, F.A.A and Furness, J.A.G., Selection and use of Engineering
Materials, (3rd Edition), Butterworth-Heiremann, 1977.
2. Flinn, R.A. and Trojan, P.K., Engineering Materials and their Applications , (4th
Edition), Jaico, 1999.
3. George E.Dieter, Mechanical Metallurgy, McGraw Hill, 1988.
4. Metals Hand Book, Vol.10, "Failure Analysis and Prevention, (10th Edition),
1994.
35
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
REGULATION 2010
L
T
P
3
0
0
[Common for M.Tech (CAD/CAM) and M.Tech (Energy Engineering)]
MEC6024
INDUSTRIAL SAFETY MANAGEMENT
C
3
BASICS OF INDUSTRIAL SAFETY MANAGEMENT
History, development of safety - evaluation of modern safety concepts - role of
government, trade union and management - safety management functions - safety
organization, safety department, safety committee – safety management techniques - job
safety analysis, plant safety inspection, safety audit, safety sampling technique, safety
survey - performance measurements and motivation - employee participation - safety and
productivity.
OPERATIONAL SAFETY – I
Hot metal operation – boiler and pressure vessels, heat treatment shop, gas furnace
operation, electroplating, hot bending pipes, safety in welding and cutting - cold metal
operation - safety in machine shop, cold bending and chamfering of pipes, metal cutting,
shot blasting, grinding, painting - power press and other machines.
OPERATIONAL SAFETY - II
Safety in layout design and material handling, dock safety, machine guarding - safety in
use of electricity - management of toxic gases and chemicals - safety in chemical
laboratories, ammonia printing - safety in sewage disposal and cleaning – industrial
pollution - working at heights - Industrial fires and prevention - managing emergencies
in industries - on-site and off-site emergencies, control of major industrial hazards
PROTECTING DEVICES AND ACCIDENT PREVENTION
Personal protective equipment - causes and cost of accidents - basic philosophy of
accident prevention - accident prevention programmes - specific hazard control strategiesHAZOP - house keeping - safety education and training - first aid- fire fighting devices accident reporting, investigations and statistics - industrial psychology in accident
prevention.
LAWS RELATED TO SAFETY AND INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE
Safety and health standards - industrial hygiene and occupational disease prevention,
welfare facilities - history of legislation’s related to safety - safety provisions in the
factory act - Workmen compensation act - environmental protection act - electricity act –
OHSA.
Text Book
1. Lees, F.P., Loss Prevention in Process Industries, Butterworths, New Delhi, 1986.
2. Occupational Safety manual, BHEL, Trichy, 2002.
36
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
REGULATION 2010
Reference
1. John V.Girmaldi and Rollin H.Simonds, Safety management, All India Travellers
bookseller, New Delhi, 1989.
2. Accident Prevention Manual for Industrial Operations, NSC, Chicago, 1982.
3. Heinrich H.W., Industrial Accident Prevention, McGraw-Hill, 1980.
4. Brown D.B., System Analysis and Design for Safety, Prentice Hall Inc., New
Jersy, 1976.
5. Handbook of Occupational Health and Safety, NSC Chicago, 1982
6. Encyclopedia of Occupational Health and Safety, Vol. I and II, International
Labour Organisation, Geneva, 1985.
37
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
MEC6101
REGULATION 2010
ENERGY CONVERSION TECHNIQUES
L
3
T
0
P
0
C
3
BASICS
Energy conservation – conventional techniques – reversible and irreversible cycles –
Carnot, Stirling and Ericsson – Otto, Diesel, dual, Lenior, Atkinson, Brayton, Rankine.
DIRECT CONSERVATION OF THERMAL TO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
Thermoelectric converters – thermoelectric refrigerator – thermoelectric generator –
thermionic converters – Ferro electric converter – Nernst effect generator – thermo
magnetic converter.
CHEMICAL AND ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY TO ELECTRICAL
ENERGY
Batteries – types – working – performance governing parameters – hydrogen energy –
solar cells.
ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS
Introduction – storage of mechanical energy, electrical energy, chemical energy, thermal
energy.
FUEL CELLS
Basics – working, advantages and drawbacks – types – comparative analysis –
thermodynamics and kinetics of fuel cell process – performance of fuel cell –
applications.
Text Book:
1. Archie. W. Culp, Principles of Energy Conversion, McGraw-Hill Inc., Singapore,
1991.
References:
1. K. Kordesch, G. Simader, Fuel Cell and Their Applications, Wiley-Vch, Germany
1996.
2. M. A. Kettari, Direct Energy Conservation, Addision – Wesley Pub. Co, 1997.
3. A. B. Hart and G. J. Womack, Fuel Cells: Theory and Application, Prentice Hall,
Newyork Ltd., London, 1989.
38
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
MEC6102
REGULATION 2010
POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION AND
UTILIZATION
L
3
T
0
P
0
C
3
CONVENTIONAL POWER GENERATION
Steam power plant-selection of site-generated layout, coal and ash handling-steam
generating plants-feed make circuit, cooling towers, turbine governing - hydro power
plant-selection of site, classification layout governing of turbines, nuclear power plants selection of site, classification layout governing of turbines, nuclear fuels - nuclear
reactors, nuclear disposal - gas turbine plants.
NON CONVENTIONAL POWER GENERATION
Wind power generation - characteristics of wind power, design of wind mills - tidal
power generation-single and two basin systems - turbines for tidal power - solar power
generation-energy from biomass, biogas and waste.
ECONOMICS OF POWER GENERATION
Daily load curves-load factor-diversity factor-load deviation curve-load managementnumber and size of generating unit, cost of electrical energy, tariff, power factor
improvement.
ELECTRICAL POWER TRANSMISSION
Online diagram of transmission, sub transmission and distribution systems, comparison of
systems(DC and AC)- EHVAC and HVDC transmission-layout of substations and bus
bar arrangements - equivalents circuit of short, medium and large lines - transmission
efficiency, regulation, reactive power, compensation, transmission, loss minimization.
UTILISATION OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY
Selection of electrical drives - Electrical characteristics and mechanical consideration ssize, rating and cost Transformer characteristics-illumination-laws of illumination, polar
curve, incandescent, fluorescent and vapour lamps-Design of OLTC lighting scheme of
industry, electrical welding-energy efficient aspects of devices.
Text Book
1. C. L. Wadhwa, Generation Distribution and utilization of Electrical Energy,
Wiley Eastern Ltd., India, 1989.
References
1. V. A. Venikov and B. V. Put Yatin, Introduction of Energy Technology,
Electric power Engineering, MIR Publishers, Moscow, 1984.
2. M. L. Soni, P. V. Gupta and V. S. A. Bhatnagar, Course in Electrical Power,
Dhanpat Rai and Sons, New Delhi, 1983.
3. J. W. Twidell and A. D. Weir, Renewable Energy Sources, ELBS Edition
1986.
4. A. J. Wood and B. F. Wallenberg, Power Generation, Operation and
Control,2nd Edition, JohnWiley and Sons, New York, 1986,
5. E. Khan, Electrical Utility Planning and Regulation, American Council for an
n Energy Efficient Economy, Washington D.C., 1988.
39
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
MEC6103
REGULATION 2010
WASTE MANAGEMENT AND ENERGY
RECOVERY
L
3
T
0
P
0
C
3
SOLID WASTE – CHARACTERISTICS AND PERSPECTIVES
Definition - types – sources – generation and estimation - properties - physical, chemical
and biological – regulation.
COLLECTION, TRANSPORTATION AND PROCESSING TECHNIQUES
Onsite handling, storage and processing – types of waste collection mechanisms - transfer
stations - types and location – manual component separation - volume reduction mechanical, thermal – separation - mechanical, magnetic and electro mechanical.
ENERGY GENERATION TECHNIQUES
Basics, types, working and typical conversion efficiencies of composting – anaerobic
digestion – RDF – combustion – incineration – gasification – pyrolysis.
HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT
Hazardous waste – definition - potential sources - waste sources by industry – impacts –
waste control methods – transportation regulations - risk assessment - remediation
technologies.
ULTIMATE DISPOSAL
Landfill – classification – site selection parameters – design aspects – Leachate control –
environmental monitoring system for land fill gases.
Text Book:
1. Tchobanoglous, Theisen and Vigil, Integrated Solid Waste Management, 2d Ed.
McGraw-Hill, New York, 1993.
References:
1. Howard S. Peavy et.al, Environmental Engineering, McGraw Hill International
2nd Edition, 1985.
2. LaGrega, M., et al., Hazardous Waste Management, McGraw-Hill, C. 1200
pp.,ed., 2001.
3. Stanley E. Manahan. Hazardous Waste Chemistry, Toxicology and Treatment,
Lewis Publishers, Chelsea, Michigan, 1990.
4. Parker, Colin and Roberts, Energy from Waste – An Evaluation of Conversion
Technologies, Elsevier Applied Science, London, 1985.
5. Manoj Datta, Waste Disposal in Engineered Landfills, Narosa Publishing House,
1997.
40
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
MEC6104
REGULATION 2010
CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM
L
3
T
0
P
0
C
3
CLIMATE SCIENCE
World energy scenario - observed and modelled changes in climate - role of aerosols climate change scenarios - global warming – factors contributing – comparison of global
warming potential of GHG – impacts.
KYOTO PROTOCOL FORMATION
Historical perspectives from the industrial revolution to the United Nations Framework convention on climate change and the Kyoto protocol, the Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change (IPCC).
KYOTO PROTOCOL
Article 1 through 28 - accounted GHGs in Kyoto protocol – source categorization of
GHG emissions – reduction commitment of Annexe B countries – C D M, joint
implementation and emissions trading.
CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM AND BASELINE STUDY SCENARIO
CDM and its economic viability for renewable energy projects – advantages for
developing countries – emission and efficiency scenario of different energy sources for
power generation - Baseline study – methodology – boundary conditions – base line
fixing – typical case studies.
RECENT ADVANCEMENTS
Certification program – emission trade – policy and implications.
Text Book
1. Somerville, Richard C. J., Understanding Environmental Change, and the
Forgiving Air, Los Angeles, University of California Press, 1996.
References
1. John Houghton, Global Warming, The Complete Briefing, Cambridge University
Press, Cambridge, UK, 1997.
2. T. L Roleff, S. Barbour and K. L. Swisher, Global Warming, Opposing
Viewpoints, Greenhaven Press, San Diego, 1997.
41
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
MEC6105
REGULATION 2010
SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEMS
L
3
T
0
P
0
C
3
BASICS IN SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEMS
Different types of renewable energy sources – sun as a source of energy – solar
radiation – extra terrestrial at earth’s surface – horizontal, tilted surface – estimation of
radiation – hourly, daily and monthly average – alternation of solar radiation by
atmosphere – effect of orientation of receiving surface.
MEASUREMENT OF SOLAR RADIATION
Measurement of solar radiation – radiation characteristics of opaque materials – radiation
transmission through covers and absorption of collectors.
FLAT PLATE COLLECTORS
Theory of flat plate collectors – liquid and air flat plate collectors – design, performance
and testing – other types of flat plate collectors.
CONCENTRATING COLLECTORS
Theory of concentrating collectors – modes of tracking – cylindrical parabolic collector –
compound parabolic collector – central receiver collector – fixed reflector and tracking
absorber collector – design, performance and testing.
APPLICATIONS
Thermal energy storage – various methods and applications, solar ponds – thermal
applications – thermal power conversion, solar cooling and heating – solar desalination –
drying – solar pumping.
Text Book
1. J. A. Duffie and W. A. Beckmann, Solar Engineering of Thermal Processes, John
Wiley, London, 1991.
References
1. Sukhatme, S. P., Solar Energy Principles of Thermal Collection and Storage, Tata
McGraw Hill Publishing Co., 1996.
2. Kreith, F., and Kreider J. F., Principles of Solar Engineering, McGraw hill Book
Co., 1978.
3. Garg, H.P., Treatise on Solar Energy, Volume 1, 2 and 3, John Wiley and Sons,
1982.
4. Seshadri et.al., Climatological and Solar Data for India, Sarita Prakashan, 1969.
42
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
MEC6106
REGULATION 2010
BIO ENERGY CONVERSION TECHNIQUES
L
3
T
0
P
0
C
3
BASICS IN BIOMASS STUDY
Biomass- types – advantages and drawbacks – Indian scenario – characteristics – carbon
neutrality – conversion mechanisms – fuel assessment studies.
BIOMETHANATION
Microbial systems – phases in biogas production – parameters affecting gas production –
effect of additives on biogas yield – possible feed stocks - biogas plants – types – design
– constructional details and comparison – biogas appliances – burner, illumination and
power generation – effect on engine performance.
COMBUSTION
Perfect, complete and incomplete – equivalence ratio – fixed bed, fluid bed – fuel and ash
handling – steam cost comparison with conventional fuels - briquetting - types of
briquetting – merits and demerits – feed requirements and preprocessing – advantages –
drawbacks.
GASIFICATION
Types – comparison – application – performance evaluation – economics – dual fuel
engines – 100 % gas engines – engine characteristics on gas mode – gas cooling and
cleaning train.
PYROLYSIS AND CARBONISATION
Types – process governing parameters – thermo gravimetric analysis – differential
thermal analysis – differential scanning calorimetry – typical yield rates.
Text Book
1. David Boyles, Bio Energy Technology Thermodynamics and costs, Ellis
Hoknood, Chichester, 1984.
References
1. Khandelwal, KC, Mahdi, SS., Biogas Technology – A Practical Handbook, Tata
McGraw-Hill, 1986.
2. R. C. Mahaeswari, Bio Energy for Rural Energisation, Concepts Publication,
1997.
3. Tom, B. Reed, Biomass Gasification – Principles and Technology, Noyce
DataCorporation, 1981
4. Best Practises Manual for Biomass Briquetting, I R E D A, 1997.
5. S. Eriksson and M. Prior, The briquetting of Agricultural wastes for fuel, FAO
Energy and Environment paper, 1990.
43
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
MEC6107
REGULATION 2010
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
L
3
T
0
P
0
C
3
NUCLEAR REACTIONS
Mechanism of nuclear fission - nuclides - radioactivity – decay chains - neutron
reactions - the fission process - reactors - types of fast breeding reactor - design and
construction of nuclear reactors - heat transfer techniques in nuclear reactors - reactor
shielding.
REACTOR MATERIALS
Nuclear fuel cycles - characteristics of nuclear fuels - uranium - production and
purification of uranium - conversion to UF4 and UF6 - other fuels like zirconium,
thorium - beryllium.
REPROCESSING
Nuclear fuel cycles - spent fuel characteristics - role of solvent extraction in reprocessing
- solvent extraction equipment.
SEPARATION OF REACTOR PRODUCTS
Processes to be considered - 'Fuel Element' Dissolution - precipitation process – Ion
exchange - Redox - Purex - TTA - Chelation -U235 -Hexone - TBP and Thorax
processes - Oxidative Slagging and Electro - Refining - Isotopes - principles of isotope
separation.
WASTE DISPOSAL AND RADIATION PROTECTION
Types of nuclear wastes - safety control and pollution control and abatement international convention on safety aspects - radiation hazards prevention.
Text Book
1. S. Glasstone and A. Sesonske, Nuclear Reactor Engineering, 3rd Edition, Von
Nostrand, 1981.
References
1.
2.
3.
4.
J. R. Lamarsh, Introduction to Nuclear Reactor Theroy, Wesley, 1966.
J. J. Duderstadt and L. J. Hamiition, Nuclear Reactor Analysis - John Wiley, 1976.
A. E. Walter and A. B. Reynolds Fast Breeder Reactor, Pergamon Press, 1981.
R. H. S. Winterton, Thermal Design of Nuclear Reactors, Pergamon Press, 1981.
44
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
MEC6108
REGULATION 2010
WIND ENERGY AND OTHER SYSTEMS
L
3
T
0
P
0
C
3
BASICS IN WIND ENERGY SYSTEMS
Structure - statistics - measurements and data presentation – wind turbine aerodynamics –
momentum theories - basic aerodynamics – airfoils and their characteristics – HAWT blade element theory – Prandtl’s lifting line theory (Prescribed wake analysis) VAWT
aerodynamics - wind turbine loads – aerodynamic loads in steady operation – wind
turbulence –Yawed Operation and Tower Shadow.
WIND ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEMS (WECS)
Siting- rotor selection - annual energy output - Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine
(HAWT) - Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) - rotor design considerations - number
of blades- blade profile- 2/3 blades and teetering – coning - upwind / downwind - power
regulation - Yaw System - tower- synchronous and asynchronous generators and loads integration of wind energy converters to electrical networks - inverters - testing of WECS
- WECS control system- requirements and strategies - miscellaneous topics- noise etc other applications.
GEO – THERMAL ENERGY SOURCES
Introduction – estimates to geo thermal sources – hydro thermal resources – applications
for thermal and electricity generation – prime movers – impulse and reaction turbines.
small and medium scale hydro power- ocean energy- introduction – OTEC conversion –
thermal electric power generation, energy utilization – heat exchangers – site selection –
potential impacts.
TIDES AND WAVES ENERGY SOURCES
Introduction – principle of tidal power – power plants – applications - utilization of tidal
energy - application - site requirements - storage systems - different methods and
potential in India-wave energy – introduction - basic concepts - wave power devices wave energy conversion devices.
HYDRO POWER RESOURCES
Introduction - hydro electric basic concepts - hydro power plant- potential applications potential development hydro power stations - components of hydro electric scheme environmental aspects- potential impacts of harnessing the different renewable energy
resources.
Text Book
1. L. L. Freris, Wind Energy Conversion Systems, Prentice Hall, 1990.
References
1. D. A. Spera, Wind Turbine Technology: Fundamental concepts of Wind Turbine
Engineering, ASME Press.
2. A. Duffie and W. A. Beckmann, Solar Engineering of Thermal Processes, John
Wiley, 1980.
3. F. Kreith and J. F. Kreider, Principles of solar Engineering, McGraw-Hill, 1978.
45
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
MEC6109
REGULATION 2010
AEROSPACE PROPULSION
L
3
T
0
P
0
C
3
ELEMENTS OF AIRCRAFT PROPULSION
Classification of power plants based on methods of aircraft propulsion – Propulsive
efficiency – Specific fuel consumption - Thrust and power- Factors affecting thrust and
power- Illustration of working of Gas turbine engine - Characteristics of turboprop,
turbofan and turbojet , Ram jet, Scram jet – Methods of Thrust augmentation.
PROPELLER THEORY
Momentum / actuator disc theory, Blade element theory, combined blade element and
momentum theory, vortex theory, rotor in hover, rotor model with cylindrical wake and
constant circulation along blade, free wake model, Constant chord and ideal twist rotors,
Lateral flapping, Coriolis forces, reaction torque, compressibility effects, Ground effect.
INLETS, NOZZLES AND COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
Subsonic and supersonic inlets – Relation between minimum area ratio and external
deceleration ratio – Starting problem in supersonic inlets –Modes of inlet operation, jet
nozzle – Efficiencies – Over expanded, under and optimum expansion in nozzles – Thrust
reversal. Classification of Combustion chambers - Combustion chamber performance –
Flame tube cooling – Flame stabilization.
COMPRESSORS AND TURBINES
Centrifugal compressor – Work done and pressure rise – Velocity diagrams – Elementary
theory of axial flow compressor – degree of reaction – Impulse and reaction gas turbines
– Velocity triangles – Choice of blade profile, pitch and chord.
ROCKET PROPULSION
Introduction to rocket propulsion – Reaction principle – Thrust equation – Classification
of rockets based on propellants used – solid, liquid and hybrid – Comparison of these
engines with special reference to rocket performance – Thrust control in liquid rockets.
TEXT BOOKS
1.
Hill,P.G. and Peterson, C.R. Mechanics and Thermodynamics of Propulsion,
Addison – Wesley Longman Inc. 1999
2.
Cohen, H. Rogers, G.F.C. and Saravanamuttoo,H.I.H, Gas Turbine Theory,
Longman,1989
REFERENCES
1.
G.C. Oates, “Aerothermodynamics of Aircraft Engine Components”, AIAA
Education Series, 1985.
2.
G.P.Sutton, “Rocket Propulsion Elements”, John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York,
5th Edition, 1986.
3.
W.P.Gill, H.J.Smith & J.E. Ziurys, “Fundamentals of Internal Combustion
Engines as applied to Reciprocating, Gas turbine & Jet Propulsion Power Plants”,
Oxford & IBH Publishing Co., 1980.
46
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
MEC6110
REGULATION 2010
HYPERSONIC AERODYNAMICS
L
3
T
0
P
0
C
3
BASICS OF HYPERSONIC AERODYNAMICS
Thin shock layers – entropy layers – low density and high density flows – hypersonic
flight paths hypersonic flight similarity parameters – shock wave and expansion wave
relations of inviscid hypersonic flows.
SURFACE INCLINATION METHODS FOR HYPERSONIC INVISCID FLOWS
Local surface inclination methods – modified Newtonian Law – Newtonian theory –
tangent wedge or tangent cone and shock expansion methods – Calculation of surface
flow properties
APPROXIMATE METHODS FOR INVISCID HYPERSONIC FLOWS
Approximate methods hypersonic small disturbance equation and theory – thin shock
layer theory – blast wave theory - entropy effects - rotational method of characteristics hypersonic shock wave shapes and correlations.
VISCOUS HYPERSONIC FLOW THEORY
Navier–Stokes equations – boundary layer equations for hypersonic flow – hypersonic
boundary layer – hypersonic boundary layer theory and non similar hypersonic boundary
layers – hypersonic aerodynamic heating and entropy layers effects on aerodynamic
heating.
VISCOUS INTERACTIONS IN HYPERSONIC FLOWS
Strong and weak viscous interactions – hypersonic shockwaves and boundary layer
interactions – Role of similarity parameter for laminar viscous interactions in hypersonic
viscous flow.
TEXT BOOKS
1.
John D. Anderson, Jr, Hypersonic and High Temperature Gas Dynamics,
McGraw-Hill Series, New York, 1996.
1
REFERENCES
1.
John.D.Anderson, Jr., Modern Compressible Flow with Historical perspective
Hypersonic Series.
2.
William H. Heiser and David T. Pratt, Hypersonic Air Breathing propulsion,
AIAA Education Series.
3.
John T. Bertin, Hypersonic Aerothermodynamics, 1994 AIAA Inc., Washington
D.C.
47
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
MEC6111
REGULATION 2010
HIGH TEMPERATURE GAS DYNAMICS
L
3
T
0
P
0
C
3
INTRODUCTION
Nature of high temperature flows – Chemical effects in air – Real perfect gases – Gibb’s
free energy and entropy by chemical and non equilibrium – Chemically reacting mixtures
and boundary layers.
STATISTICAL THERMODYNAMICS
Introduction to statistical thermodynamics – Relevance to hypersonic flow - Microscopic
description of gases – Boltzman distribution – Cartesian function
KINETIC THEORY AND HYPERSONIC FLOWS
Chemical equilibrium calculation of equilibrium composition of high temperature air –
equilibrium properties of high temperature air – collision frequency and mean free path –
velocity and speed distribution functions.
INVISCID HIGH TEMPERATURE FLOWS
Equilibrium and non – equilibrium flows – governing equations for inviscid high
temperature equilibrium flows – equilibrium normal and oblique shock wave flows –
frozen and equilibrium flows – equilibrium conical and blunt body flows – governing
equations for non equilibrium inviscid flows.
TRANSPORT PROPERTIES IN HIGH TEMPERATURE GASES
Transport coefficients – mechanisms of diffusion – total thermal conductivity – transport
characteristics for high temperature air – radiative transparent gases – radiative transfer
equation for transport, absorbing and emitting and absorbing gases.
TEXT BOOKS
1. John D. Anderson, Jr., Hypersonic and High Temperature Gas Dynamics,
McGraw-Hill Series, New York, 1996.
2. John D. Anderson, Jr., Modern Compressible Flow with Historical perspective
McGraw-Hill Series, New York, 1996.
REFERENCES
1. William H. Heiser and David T. Pratt, Hypersonic Air breathing propulsion, AIAA
Education Series.
2. John T. Bertin,
Hypersonic Aerothermodynamics publishers - AIAA Inc.,
Washington, D.C.,1994.
3. T.K.Bose, High Temperature Gas Dynamics,
MEC6112
ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS
48
L
T
P
C
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
REGULATION 2010
3
0
0
3
THERMODYNAMIC CYCLE ANALYSIS OF AIR-BREATHING PROPULSION
SYSTEMS
Air breathing propulsion systems like Turbojet, turboprop, ducted fan, Ramjet and Air
augmented rockets – Thermodynamic cycles – Pulse propulsion – Combustion process in
pulse jet engines – inlet charging process – Supercritical charging and subcritical
discharging – Subcritical charging and subcritical discharging – Subcritical charging and
supercritical discharging.
RAMJETS AND AIR AUGMENTED ROCKETS
Preliminary performance calculations – Diffuser design and hypersonic inlets –
combustor and nozzle design – air augmented rockets – engines with supersonic
combustion.
SCRAMJET PROPULSION SYSTEM
Fundamental considerations of hypersonic air breathing vehicles – Preliminary concepts
in engine airframe integration – calculation of propulsion flow path – flow path
integration – Various types of supersonic combustors – fundamental requirements of
supersonic combustors – Mixing of fuel jets in supersonic cross flow – performance
estimation of supersonic combustors.
NUCLEAR PROPULSION
Nuclear rocket engine design and performance – nuclear rocket reactors – nuclear rocket
nozzles – nuclear rocket engine control – radioisotope propulsion – basic thruster
configurations – thruster technology – heat source development – nozzle development –
nozzle performance of radioisotope propulsion systems.
ELECTRIC AND ION PROPULSION
Basic concepts in electric propulsion – power requirements and rocket efficiency –
thermal thrusters – electrostatic thrusters – plasma thruster of the art and future trends –
Fundamentals of ion propulsion – performance analysis – electrical thrust devices – ion
rocket engine.
TEXT BOOKS
1. G.P. Sutton, “Rocket Propulsion Elements”, John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York,
1998.
2. William H. Heiser and David T. Pratt, Hypersonic Air breathing propulsion,
AIAA Education Series, 2001.
REFERENCES
1. Fortescue and Stark, Spacecraft Systems Engineering, 1999.
2. Cumpsty, Jet propulsion, Cambridge University Press, 2003.
49
M.Tech
ENERGY ENGINEERING
MEC6113
REGULATION 2010
EXPERIMENTAL METHODS IN FLUID
MECHANICS
L
3
T
0
P
0
C
3
BASIC MEASUREMENTS IN FLUID MECHANICS
Objective of experimental studies – Fluid mechanics measurements – Properties of fluids
– Measuring instruments – Performance terms associated with measurement systems –
Direct measurements - Analogue methods – Flow visualization –Components of
measuring systems – Importance of model studies - Experiments on Taylor-Proudman
theorem and Ekman layer – Measurements in boundary layers WIND TUNNEL MEASEUREMENTS
Characteristic features, operation and performance of low speed, transonic, supersonic
and special tunnels - Power losses in a wind tunnel – Instrumentation and calibration of
wind tunnels – Turbulence- Wind tunnel balance – Principle and application and uses –
Balance calibration.
FLOW VISUALIZATION METHODS
Visualization techniques – Smoke tunnel – Hele-Shaw apparatus - Interferometer –
Fringe-Displacement method – Shadowgraph - Schlieren system – Background Oriented
Schliren (BOS) System.
PRESSURE, VELOCITY AND TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENTS
Pitot-Static tube characteristics - Velocity measurements - Hot-wire anemometry –
Constant current and Constant temperature Hot-Wire anemometer – Hot-film
anemometry – Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) – Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) –
Pressure Sensitive Paints - Pressure measurement techniques - Pressure transducers –
Temperature measurements.
DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEMS AND UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS
Data
acquisition and processing – Signal conditioning - Estimation of measurement errors –
Uncertainty calculation - Uses of uncertainty analysis.
TEXT BOOKS
1.
Rathakrishnan, E., “Instrumentation, Measurements, and Experiments in Fluids,”
CRC Press – Taylor & Francis, 2007.
REFERENCES
1.
Robert B Northrop, “Introduction to Instrumentation and Measurements”, Second
Edition, CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, 2006.
50