Download PHOTOSYNTHESIS GUIDED NOTES Directly or indirectly almost all

PHOTOSYNTHESIS GUIDED NOTES
 Directly or indirectly almost all of the energy in living systems needed for ________comes from the
___.
 The ______ is used to build molecules or break molecules down.
 _______________ is the process by which light energy is converted to ___________________.
 __________
_ or _____________ absorb sunlight (or energy).
The Overview of Photosynthesis
1. Energy is captured from _________. The light energy is converted to chemical energy temporarily as _____
and _________.
2. The chemical energy helps form _____________________ (glucose) using carbon dioxide.
- occurs in the _______________ of plant cells and algae
6 CO2 + 6 H2O
Carbon
water
-----
light
C6H12O6 + 6 O2
sugar
oxygen
dioxide
Stage 1: Light Dependent Reaction – light energy is used to make storing compounds.
 _______ is a form of radiation – energy in the form of waves that travel through space
 The only radiation that you can see is _______ light. Other types of radiation such as
______ can be felt and can travel at a different wavelengths. Visible light – ROY G BIV
 Pigments are____________________, pigments only absorb certain wavelengths and reflect others.
The color you see is the color that is ___________.
 ___________ is the primary pigment in photosynthesis.
Chlorophyll absorbs mostly blue and red light and _________ green and yellow.
 The pigments that produce fall leaf colors or the colors of fruits are called _________________.
 Carotenoids absorb light wavelengths that are different from the chlorophyll. This gives the plant more
energy to use.
Pigments
Chlorophyll
Absorbs red and blue

Reflects _____________________.
Carotenoid
Absorbs green and orange

Reflects ____________________.
Xanthophyll
Absorbs red, blue, green, and violet

Reflects _____________.
 Pigments are located in the _____________ of the leaf.
 Within the chloroplasts are stacks of disk shaped structures called ___________________.
 These thylakoids take in the ___________ and the energy creates __________ electrons which
__________________________________.
 The molecule that lost an electron gets a new one from water molecules.
 The water is converted to ___________________ and __________ which is released.
Stage 2: Conversion of Light Energy
 The excited electrons moves through a series of molecules called the _________________________.
 With part of the Electron Transport Chain, the energy created when the
____________________________ is split and the excited electron __________ to another compound,
the energy is used to create ATP _________________________________________________________.
 With part of the Electron Transport Chain, the energy created from Stage 1 is
used to make NADPH.
This is a temporary storage compound of energy which will be used to create carbon and hydrogen bonds
Stage 3: Storage of Energy
 In the final stage of Photosynthesis, ______________ is used to make organic compounds with the use
of the temporarily stored energy.
 This is called ____________________________ also known as the Dark Reactions. No light is necessary
for this part.
 The most common method of converting the carbon dioxide occurs with the ______________.
 The Calvin Cycle is a series of _________ assisted reactions that produces a sugar molecule. This sugar
molecule provides the organism with energy for ______________________. Plants will store sugar in
the roots, leaves & stems in a starch form
Factors that can affect Photosynthesis
Environmental Factors
Light (obviously)
The_____________________________ with the amount of light. The reaction proceeds to the point when all
of the pigments are involved – this is a _____________________.
Carbon Dioxide
The _______ of carbon dioxide will affect the rate. ________________ the level of CO2 will ___________
photosynthesis.
Temperature
At certain temperatures enzymes will be affected and will affect the rate of chemical reactions in the cell.
_______________ temperatures _____________ photosynthesis. The rate will peak once all enzymes and
substrates are catalyzed. The rate will then decrease.
*Pigments - photosynthesis needs the presence of pigments but it does not affect the rate at which
photosynthesis occurs