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Additional file 1 Description of Land Use Capability Units in the study area (National Water and Soil Conservation Organisation, 1975) Unit Unit description Slope group Surface geology Present erosion Potential erosion IIs River flats and terraces with free A Alluvium from volcanic ash Slight stream bank. Slight stream bank. draining soils and weathered greywacke, andesite and rhyolite. IIIe Tephra covered, undulating to Ash and lapilli over Slight sheet and rill Moderate sheet and easy rolling slopes on volcanic B/C weathered volcanic rocks when cultivated. rill when cultivated. rocks and dissected river and pumiceous sand. terraces. Alluvium and terrace Weathered andesite and Slight sheet, wind Slight sheet, wind volcanic ash. Weathered and rill. Slight soil and rill. Slight soil iron sands. slip. slip. deposits from volcanis ash and volcanic rocks. VIe2 Strongly rolling hill country and D stable dunes of low fertility VIe3 VIe8 Strongly rolling to moderately Complex of volcanic ash Slight tunnel gully Slight tunnel gully steep hills with tephra mantling and weathered andesite, and soil slip and soil slip the rolling tops and valley rhyolite, ignimbrite and bottoms. greywacke. Weathered greywacke and Moderate sheet, Moderate sheet, andesite. wind and soil slip wind and soil slip Weathered greywacke and Moderate soil slip Moderate soil slip andesite and sheet and sheet Weathered basic andesite Moderate to severe Moderate to severe rolling to moderately steep hills sheet, wind and soil sheet, wind and soil of very low fertility and poor slip. slip. Moderately steep to steep hill D/E E country with a low natural fertility and poor soil structure. VIe10 Steep hills of weathered F greywacke and andesite of low fertility and poor soil structure. VIe11 Deeply weathered, strongly soil structure. D/E VIIe2 VIIe7 VIIe8 Steep, low fertility andesitic hill Moderate to severe Severe sheet, wind country and mountain lands. sheet, wind soil slip soil slip and debris Slopes are long with many and debris avalanche. bluffs. avalanche. Deeply weathered, moderately F Very severe sheet, Severe sheet, wind, steep to steep hill country of wind, soil slip and soil slip and earth very low fertility. earth slip slip Weathered greywacke and Severe debris Very severe debris andesite. avalanche and scree avalanche and scree Weathered ignimbrite and Severe debris Very severe debris rhyolite avalanche, soil slip avalanche, soil slip and sheet and sheet Very steep and steep long E/F Weathered andesite G/F mountain slopes of the main Weathered basic andesite axial ranges. VIIe9 Steep and very steep mountain land with many exposed bluffs and rhyolite domes G and F