Download anterior cruciate ligament

Survey
yes no Was this document useful for you?
   Thank you for your participation!

* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project

page
1
page
2
page
3
page
4
page
5
page
6
page
7
page
8
page
9
page
10
page
11
page
12
page
13
page
14
page
15
page
16
page
17
page
18
page
19
page
20
page
21
page
22
page
23
page
24
page
25
page
26
page
27
page
28
page
29
page
30
page
31
page
32
page
33
page
34
page
35
page
36
page
37
page
38
page
39
page
40
page
41
page
42
page
43
page
44
page
45
page
46
page
47
page
48
page
49
page
50
page
51
page
52
page
53
Document related concepts
no text concepts found
Transcript 
Knee region
•
•
•
•
Bones
Joint
Muscles
Artery & Nerves
Knee osteology
Distal end of femur
Anterior
Distal end of femur
Posterior
Femur ant.
Femur post.
Medial
Lateral
Patella
Patella
Proximal Tibio-fibular
joint
Tibia
Fibula
No movement!
Distal Tibio-fibular
joint
Tibia
Proximal end
Anterior
Posterior
Tibiofemoral (knee) Joint
• Largest and most complex joint
• Actually 3 joints within a single synovial cavity:
1. Laterally: tibiofemoral joint
2. Medially: tibiofemoral joint
3. Intermediate: patellofemoral joint
Knee joint
• Menisci
Medial meniscus
lateral meniscus
• Ligaments
Cruciate ligaments
Collateral ligaments
Patellar ligament
oblique popliteal ligament
• Joint capsule
Synovial membrane
Fibrous membrane
Minisci : fibrocartilaginous ‘shock absorbers’
semilunar cartilages
Attachments
1. The medial meniscus is more injured than the lateral meniscus, why?
Ligaments
1. anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
2. posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)
3. medial collateral ligament (MCL, tibial collateral
ligament)
4. lateral collateral ligament (LCL , fibular collateral
ligament)
5. oblique popliteal ligament
6. ligamentum patellae
Cruciate ligaments
ACL: Anteromedial part of the intercondylar area of tibia to inner aspect of lateral condyle of
femur.
PCL: Posterolateral part of the intercondylar area of the tibia to inner aspect of medial condyle
of femur.
Anterior Cruciate ligament prevents anterior displacement of the tibia
in relation to femur in flexion.
Posterior Cruciate ligament prevents posterior displacement of the tibia
in relation to femur in extension.
How to test ACL and PCL?
Drawer sign test
Anterior Drawer Test for ACL
• Physician Position & Movements
• Patient Position
Note direction of forces
29
Posterior Drawer Testing- PCL
Note direction of forces
30
Collateral ligaments
MCL attaches to the medial meniscus
2. The medial meniscus is more injured than the lateral meniscus, why?
Collateral ligaments action
1. Protect the knee joint from bending side to side.
2. Helps the locking mechanism
3. The medial meniscus is more injured than the lateral meniscus, why?
Locking mechanism:
less energy to maintain the standing
position
1. Medial rotation of femur on the tibia
during full extension tighten colateral
ligaments.
Locking mechanism (2)
• Joint surfaces become larger and more stable
in extension.
Locking mechanism (3)
• body's center of gravity is
positioned along a vertical
line that passes anterior to
the knee joint.
Locking mechanism
Collateral ligaments test
Test for MCL
Note Direction Of Forces
42
Test for LCL
Note direction of forces
43
Patellar ligament
Strengthening Anterior Aspect of Knee Joint
Patellofemoral stress syndrome
• “Runner’s Knee”
• Patella does not glide
up and down but
rather laterally causing
pain.
oblique popliteal ligament
Review
• (1) patellar ligament
• (2) tibial (medial)
collateral ligament
• (3) fibular (lateral )
collateral ligament
• (4) medial meniscus
• (5) lateral meniscus
• (6) anterior cruciate
ligament
• (7) posterior cruciate
ligament
Joint fibrous capsule
Joint synovial membrane
Bursa
• little fluid sacs that helps the muscles and
tendons slide freely:
Prepatellar
Infrapatellar
Suprapatellar
Bursa
Prepatellar Bursitis
Related documents