Download Exam Questions from Spring 2007

Exam Questions from Spring 2008
1. __________ is to xylem as ______________ is to phloem.
A. cork cambium, vascular cambium
B. apical meristem, lateral meristem
C. vessel element, sieve-tube member
D. pith, cortex
E. parenchyma cell, mesophyll cell
2. What is NOT a part of a leaf?
A. stoma
B. vein
C. mesophyll cell
D. guard cell
E. coleoptile
3. ____________ develops into a seed and _____________ develops into a fruit.
A. ovule, ovary
B. stamen, carpel
C. sperm, egg
D. microsporocyte, megasporocyte
E. zygote, endosperm
4. A vessel element would likely lose its protoplast in which area of growth in a root?
A. zone of maturation
B. zone of cell division
C. zone of elongation
D. formation of derivatives
E. formation of initials
5. Stomata open when guard cells
A. sense an increase in CO2 in the air space of the leaf.
B. becomes more flaccid due to osmotic flow out of the cell.
C. increase K+ influx due to active transport of H+ out of the guard cell.
D. close aquaporins.
E. increases its water potential.
6. A plant cell has a solute potential of -0.9 MPa and maintains a constant volume in an
open environment with a solute potential of -0.6 MPa. What else do we know about
the cell?
A. The cell has a pressure potential of +0.6 MPa.
B. The cell has a pressure potential of +0.9 MPa.
C. The cell has a water potential of -0.9 MPa.
D. The cell has a water potential of -0.6 MPa.
E. The cell has a water potential of -0.3 MPa
7. Mycorrhizae enhance plant nutrition mainly by
A. absorbing water and minerals through the fungal hyphae.
B. providing sugar to roots cells without chloroplasts.
C. converting soil nitrogen to nitrate.
D. stimulating the development of root hairs.
E. assisting the root to find pockets of water and minerals.
8. What event generally does NOT occur during plant reproduction?
A. The generative cell moves into the tube cell.
B. Only one of the megaspore survives.
C. The pollen grain falls on the micropyle.
D. A sperm fuses with two polar nuclei to form the endosperm.
E. A sperm cell fuses with the egg to form the zygote.
9. Which of the following condition is needed by almost all seeds to break dormancy?
A. exposure to light
B. exposure to water
C. exposure to cold
D. exposure to fire
E. exposure to birds
10. Meristem and flower are examples of _____________ and _____________ growth.
A. initial, derivative
B. gametophyte, sporophyte
C. indeterminate, determinate
D. lateral, apical
E. primary, secondary
11. What is LEAST important for xylem flow?
A. H+ ATPase
B. cohesion of water
C. transpiration
D. stomata opening
E. sunlight
12. What is LEAST important for phloem flow?
A. H+ ATPase
B. transpiration
C. sugar sink
D. sugar source
E. pressure flow
13. Which of the following statement is a correct distinction between autotrophs and
heterotrophs?
A. Cellular respiration is unique to heterotrophs.
B. Only heterotrophs have mitochondria.
C. Only heterotrophs require O2.
D. Only heterotrophs require chemical compounds from the environment.
E. Only autotrophs have chloroplasts.
15. The Casparian strip of the endodermis lining the vascular cylinder
A. consists of aquaporins that permit rapid exchange of water.
B. allows the solutes within the xylem sap to exchange with soil.
C. is a conduit for apoplastic pathways.
D. ensures all nutrient flow into the xylem sap must be symplastic.
E. is a belt of plasmodesmata for regulating phloem flow.
16. Which form of nitrogen is available to plants?
A. N2 gas
B. NH3
C. NO2
D. NH4+
E. C and D
17. When the water potential of a plant cell is at equilibrium the solute potential inside
the cell is more negative than the environment because
A. the solute concentration inside is greater than the environment.
B. the solute concentration inside is lower than the environment.
C. the solute concentration inside is the same as environment.
D. the tugor pressure is negative.
E. water diffuses out of the cell.
18. What is NOT a member of the gametophyte generation?
A. Generative cell
B. Tube cell
C. Polar nuclei
D. Megaspore
E. Megasporocyte
19. What is NOT a tissue system in plants?
A. Meristem
B. Dermal
C. Ground
D. Vascular
E. none of the above
20. To which class of plant hormones does indole acetic acid belong?
A. gibberellins
B. brassinosteroids
C. cytokinins
D. phytochromes
E. auxin
21. What plant hormone causes rapid elongation of the stem?
A. gibberellins
B. brassinosteroids
C. cytokinins
D. ethylene
E. auxin
22. How do cytokinins affect plants?
A. they stimulate the axillary buds B. they cause plants to bend toward light
C. they stimulate root growth
D. they regulate diurnal rhythms
E. they inhibit cell elongation
23. What gas can cause fruit to ripen?
A. CO2
B. ethylene
C. O2
D. N2
E. NO
24. What hormone causes plants to grow toward the light?
A. gibberellins
B. brassinosteroids
C. cytokinins
D. ethylene
E. auxin
25. In responding to day length, what is the most important signal for plants?
A. temperature
B. length of the light period
C. length of uninterrupted darkness D. the wavelength of light during the day
E. total length of darkness, whether interrupted or not
26. In order to flower, what does a short-day plant need?
A. a burst of red light in the middle of the night
B. a burst of far red light in the middle of the night
C. a day that is longer than the critical night length
D. a higher ratio of Pr:Pfr
E. a night that is shorter than the critical night length
27. What are circadian rhythms?
A. seasonal changes in activity
B. daily changes in activity
C. changes in activity controlled by light cycle
D. changes in activity controlled by internal timing mechanisms
E. both B and D are true
28. Order the process of cell communication
A. Responsetransductionreception
B. Transductionrestresponse
C. Receptionresponsetransduction
D. Receptiontransductionresponse
29. What is a major role for calcium ions in animal fertilization?
A. calcium ion influx triggers cortical granule fusion with the egg plasma
membrane
B. nuclear fusion requires calcium ions
C. sperm flagella action requires calcium ion transport
D. fusion of the egg and sperm plasma membranes requires calcium ions
E. sperm cells recognize the egg cell because of calcium ion binding
30. The stage in early sea urchin development in which the embryo is a hollow ball of
cells is calld what?
A. cleavage stage
B. morula stage
C. blastula stage
D. gastrula stage
E. neurula stage
31. At what stage of development are mesoderm cells first formed?
A. cleavage stage
B. morula stage
C. blastula stage
D. gastrula stage
32. Bird, reptile, and mammal embryos form four extra-embryonic membranes. Which
of the following is not one of these membranes?
A. amnion
B. chorion
C. yolk sac
D. hypoblast
E. allantois