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VOLCANOES
Internet Lesson
Click on each link below. Follow the directions and answer any questions pertaining to
that section.
I. PARTS OF A VOLCANO:
http://library.thinkquest.org/17457/volcanoes/structure.php
Sketch the volcano, then label and define its 5 main parts:
II. MAIN TYPES OF VOLCANOES:
http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/volc/types.html
and
http://dsc.discovery.com/convergence/pompeii/interactive/interactive.html
Describe in great detail how the following three volcanoes are unique from one another.
Composite volcano (or stratovolcano)-
Shield volcano-
Cinder Cone-
III. VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS:
http://library.thinkquest.org/17457/volcanoes/erupt.php
1. What two main factors determine what type of volcanic eruption will develop?
2. What specific combination of these two factors will result in the most violent
eruption?
3. Differentiate between the following pyroclastic debris:
Dust-
Ash-
Cinder-
Bomb-
4. Simulate four different eruptions and list the data below in the table:
http://www.classzone.com/books/ml_science_share/vis_sim/cem05_pg75_volcano/cem0
5_pg75_volcano.html
Silica Content
Eruption Size
% Pressure
Volcano Type
Eruption Details and
Example Volcano
IV. THE PROS AND CONS OF VOLCANOES
http://library.thinkquest.org/17457/volcanoes/advantages.php
and
http://library.thinkquest.org/17457/volcanoes/effects.php
PROS
CONS
V. HOW AND WHERE VOLCANOES FORM:
Describe in detail how volcanoes form at the following 3 links:
http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es0902/es0902
page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization
Convergent Plate boundary / subduction zone –
http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es0903/es0903
page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization
Divergent Plate boundary / rift zone -
http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es0904/es0904
page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization
Hot spots -
VI. VOLCANIC LANDFORMS:
http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1007/volcanic.html
Review the different type of features above and below the Earth’s crust from volcanic
activity.
http://geoinfo.nmt.edu/tour/landmarks/shiprock/home.html
1. What is the central eroded 600m high volcanic landform a remnant of?
2. What volcanic feature is the wall like sheets of lava called?
http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2002/fs092-02/
3. What is a caldera and how does it form? Where is there one in the U.S.?
VII. RATING THE WORLDS’S DEADLIESTS VOLCANOES:
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/vesuvius/deadliest.html
1. What is a VEI and what does it stand for?
2. Read the volcanic eruption observation, what did you rate it?___
What was its actual VEI?___
VIII. IS IT SAFE TO LIVE NEAR A VOLCANO?
http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/investigations/es0907/es090
7page01.cfm?chapter_no=investigation
Read and follow the directions on pgs 1-11, then answer the following:
1. Explain how the Mt St Helen’s volcanic ash pattern (last 4000 years) is related to the
local stream locations (pg 2):
2. What is meant by a lateral blast (pg3)?
3. How many times greater was the 1980 impact area affected compared to the prior
4000 year ash bed area (pg 4)?
4. Looking at the map in what direction did the initial lateral blast occur on Mt. St.
Helen’s summit (pg4)? (Use the state map to get your directional bearing.)
5. In Zone #1, what type of pyroclastic debris are the scientists collecting (pg 5)?
6. In Zone #2, what do scientists call the winding hardened mounds of debris along the
Toutle River (pg 5)?
7. In Zone #3, if the man standing next to the tree is 6 ft tall, calculate how high the mud
flows rose in that area (pg5)?
8. Zone 4 shows massive destruction of what type of area (pg 5)?
9. Subduction and melting of what two plates supplies magma to the Cascade volcanoes
(pg 6)?
10. List the top three erupting Cascade volcanoes from the past 4000 years (pg 7):
11. Why do scientists monitor Mt. Rainier with more concern, and how will its eruption
impact differ from that of its sister Mt. St. Helen (pg 8-9)?
IX. VOLCANIC PREDICTION & SAFETY
http://library.thinkquest.org/17457/volcanoes/prediction.php
1. List and describe several ways that volcanologists can predict eminent eruptions?
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/vesuvius/planning.html
2. The success of saving many lives from the Rabaul volcano in 1994, Papua New
Guinea, was due to their carefully designed evacuation plan and area resident (elders)
observations such as:
X. VOLCANO GAMES
http://library.thinkquest.org/17457/games/index.html
http://volcano.und.edu/vwdocs/kids/fun/fun.html
http://volcano.oregonstate.edu/volcano-games