Download Lesson 1 World War I Note Sheets

Name _____________________
SS8
The Great War: World War I Outline
Pre War Alliances:
Triple Alliance - __________________, ___________________________, ____________________________
Triple Entente - ______________________, __________________________, __________________________
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Causes of World War I (in Europe):
M_______________________ - the building up of strong armed forces
A________________________ - agreements between nations to protect each other
N________________________ - pride in one’s nation
I_________________________ - powerful countries were taking over weaker countries
A_________________________ - no international peacekeeping organization
C_________________________ - Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the throne of ________________ was assassinated by a
nationalist (terrorist) from the country of _____________________
CENTRAL POWERS
ALLIED POWERS
 _________________________________
 _________________________________
 _________________________________
 _________________________________
 _________________________________
 _________________________________
 __________________________________
KAISER
 ______________________________ promised his troops, “you will be home before the leaves
have fallen from the trees.”
FIRST THREE YEARS OF WAR
 Deadly battles were fought w/ nothing to show but a stalemate.
 ________________________________________________________________________________
American Neutrality
Define neutrality: ______________________________________________________________________
Why would Americans have allegiances to countries of either alliance? ____________________________________________________
 The United States remains neutral to be an impartial mediator (plus our economy boomed!)
Two events that draw America into the War:
1.
Submarine warfare / the sinking of the Lusitania – a German submarine sank the Lusitania off the coast of
Ireland. There were 128 _____________________ on board and the ship was carrying ___________________ (it was not a
battleship and it was not carrying military personnel)
2.
Zimmermann Telegram – a telegram was intercepted from _________________ to ____________________.
The
message asked Mexico to attack ________________. In return, Germany promised ____________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________.
.
America prepares for War:
Selective Service Act: ___________________________________________________________________________________________
War Industries Board: _________________________________________________________________________________________
Liberty Bonds: ________________________________________________________________________________________________
Victory gardens / rationing: _____________________________________________________________________________________
The Two Sides (the Allied Powers v. the Central Powers)
Allied Powers - __________________________, ______________________________, _______________________, 16 other countries
and the United States
Central Powers - ___________________________, ________________________, Bulgaria and Turkey (the Ottoman Empire)
Fighting in World War I
Trench conditions were ________________________________________________________________________________________
New weapons were ____________________________________________________________________________________________
Role of women during the war was _______________________________________________________________________________
Russian Revolution:
WWI brought heavy losses and economic hardships to Russia. People protested the shortage of food and
the discontent turned into a revolution. By 1917, a new leader named _________________ led the people and a new form of government
known as _______________________ emerged. By 1918, the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, a treaty between ________________ and
________________ ended Russia’s involvement in WWI.
Armistice Day: (an agreement to put down “arms” signed at the ________ hour on the _________ day of the _________ month)
At the end of the war, President Wilson announced his plan for peace called ____________________________.
Some important points include:

Freedom of the seas

An end to secret alliances

Self-determination: ___________________________________________________________________________

The League of Nations: ________________________________________________________________________
The European allies, however, did not want peace; above all else, they wanted to punish ______________________. They accepted
some of Wilson’s Fourteen Points, but added other provisions to the Treaty of Versailles.
Treaty of Versailles – key terms:

_________________ lost territory to France and Poland

_________________ lost all of its overseas territories

_________________ lost its navy and powerful army was reduced

_________________ had to accept full blame for starting the war

_________________ had to pay billions of dollars in reparations (payments for damages caused during the war) to the
Allies

Austria-Hungary was divided into new, smaller nation states

The League
of Nations was established
The allied leaders of Europe signed the Treaty of Versailles. Now all President Wilson had to do was take the treaty back to the United
States and have the Senate ratify (approve) it. Sounds easy right? But people at home, upset by the costs of war and the loss of lives,
wanted to return to a policy of isolationism.
What provision of the Treaty of Versailles might cause America to get entangled in
future conflicts in Europe?