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CHAPTER 24- Practice Exercise
A. Kweyete
Organic Chemistry
1. Which of the following is (are) a saturated hydrocarbon? (underline your choice)
alkane
alkyne
alkene
cycloalkane
cycloalkene
aromatic hydrocarbon
2. Identify the following general formulas as alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and cycloalkanes.
CnHn
CnH2n
CnH2n+2
CnH2n-2
3. Which one of the following is (are) an alkene with a carbon-carbon double bond?
C4H10
C6H14
C4H8
CH4
C6H10
C2H2
C5H10
C2H2
C6H6
4. How many carbon atoms each of the following contain?
Butane
Octane
Nonane
Propyne
Acetylene
cycolpentane
5. Write the IUPAC name for each of the following structure.
CH3
(a) CH3 - CH - CH2 - CH - CH2 - CH3
CH3
(d)
(b) CH2 - CH2 - CH - C (CH3)2 - CH3
CH3
(c) H - C
C -H
CH3
CH3 - CH - CH2 - CH3
CH3 - CH2 - CH - CH3
(e)
CH3 - CH - CH2 - C = CH2
Br
CH3
(f)
CH3 - CH2 - CH = CH - CH3
CH3
CH3
CH3
Br
(g)
(h)
CH3
Cl
6. Write the condensed structures for the following compounds.
(a) 3, 3, 4- trimethylheptane (b) 2, 3- dimethylbutane (c) 1, 3- dibromopentane (d) 3, 4- dimethylhexane
(e) cis- 2, 3- dichloro-2-butene (f) trans- 1, 2- dibromocyclobutane (g) 4- ethyl- 3, 3- dimethylheptane
(h) p- xylene
(h) m – chlorobenzoic acid
(i) Diethyl ether
(j) 3 - nitrophenol
(k) cyclobutylcyclopentane
7. Which class of functional group the followings belong to?
O

(a)  OH _________ (b)  CHO _________ (c)  C - H _________
(e)  CO  _________ ( f)  NH2
_________
( g)  O 
1
_________
O

(d)  C  OH ________
(i)  COO 
_________
8. Complete the following sentences:
(a) The term hydrocarbon is used to denote compounds that contain ___________ .
(b) Pentane and isopentane are what type of isomer? ( structural, geometrical )
(c) Dichlorobenzene has _____ aromatic isomers.
(d) Cyclohexene has ______ hydrogen less than cyclohexane.
(e) Alcohols have higher boiling point due to ________________ bonding.
9. Match the following general formulas.
(a) R - OH
(b) R - CHO
(c) R - COOH
(d) R - CO – R
(e) R - O - R
_____ ( I ) Ether
_____ ( V ) Ketone
_____ ( II ) Aldehyde
_____ ( III) Ester
_____ (VII) Amine
_____ ( IV) Carboxylic acid
(f) R - COOR
(g) R - NH - R
_____ ( VI) Alcohol
10. Which of the following compounds does contain a carbonyl group? Please circle.
I. Aldehyde
II. Alcohol III. Ketone IV. Ether V. Ester VI. Amine VII. Amide
VII.Carboxylic acid
11.Identify(classify) the following oxygen-containing compounds as ketone, aldehyde, ether, ………
O
a) CH3-CH2 - COOH
b) CH3 - CO - CH3
O - CH3
e)
c)
OH
H - C - CH2 - CH3
d)
CH 3 - CH - CH3
CH3
f)
CH - O - CH2 - CH3
g) CH3 - CO - NH - CH3
CH3
12. Name the following alcohols.
a)
CH3 - CH2 - CH2 - CH2OH
OH
d)
CH2 - CH2
OH
e)
b) CH3 - CH2 - CH - CH3
c) CH3 - COH - CH2 - CH3
OH
CH3
CH3
f) CH3 - CHOH - CH3
g) CH3 - C - CH2OH
CH3
OH
2
13. Name the following alkyl groups.
a) CH3-
c) CH3 - CH2 - CH2-
b) CH3 - CH2-
d)
CH3 - CH -
e) CH3 - CH2 - CH2 - CH2 -
CH3
CH3
f) CH3 - CH - CH2 -
g) CH3 - CH2 - CH-
h) CH3 - C -
CH3
CH3
CH2 i)
j)
C4H9Cl
C3H5Br
CH3
14. How many structural isomers the following compounds have?
C3H8
C4H10
C5H12
C6H14
15. Identify the following pairs as structural isomers, geometrical isomers, alike, or non-isomers.
I.
II. CH3 - CH2 - CH2 - CH - CH3 and
and
CH3 - CH - CH2 - CH2 - CH3
CH3
Br
III.
Br
and
IV.
Br
V.
CH3
and
Br
CH2 - CH2 - CH2 - CH2 - CH- CH3
and
CH3
CH2 - CH3
CH2 - CH2 - CH2 - CH2 - CH- CH3
16. What is the product of the following reactions.
HBr
b) CH3 - CH = CH -CH3
a) CH3 - CH2 - CH = CH2
c) CH3 - CH(CH3) - CH3
ether
Br2 / light
d)
+ Br2
H2 / Pd(C)
or Ni(s)
e) C3H8 + O2
g)
Br2 /CCl4
H+
f) CH3 -OH + CH3 - COOH
OH
FeBr3
h)
+ CH3OH
H+
COOH
OH
i)
+ CH3COOH
CHOOH
j)
k) C17H35COO CH2CH3 + NaOH
+ CH3CH2Cl
l) CH3CH2OH + CH3CH2OH
3
AlCl3
H+