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Glossary – Unit 2 Key area 2.1 Cells tissues and organs. Word Definition Example/book reference Multicellular Organisms Cell Specialisation Tissue Histology Histopathology Organ Organ System Key area 2.2 – Stem Cells and meristems Word Stem cell Embryonic Stem Cells Adult Stem Cells Meristem Ethical issue Definition Example/book reference Key area 2.3a – Control and communication: Nervous system Word Cerebrum Cerebellum Medulla Stimuli Sensory Strip Motor Strip Central Nervous System (CNS) Neurone Sensory Neurone Relay Neurone Motor Neurone Effectors Nerve impulse Reflex arc Synapse Neurotransmitters Synaptic cleft Receptor cell Brain Spinal cord Definition Example/book reference Key area 2.3b – Control and communication: Endocrine system Word Endocrine system Hormones Insulin Glucagon Diabetes Glands Pancreas Glycogen Liver Target organ Definition Example/book reference Key area 2.4 – Reproduction Word Reproduction Sexual reproduction Asexual reproduction Zygote Gametes Haploid Diploid Testes Sperm cell Mitochondria Ova (singular Ovum) Ovaries Ovulation Fertilisation Oviduct Pollination Stamen Pollen grain Stigma Ovules Definition Example/book reference Key area 2.5 – Variation and inheritance Word Variation Discreet (discontinuous) variation Continuous variation Ploygenic Gene Alleles Genetics Phenotype Genotype Dominant alleles Recessive allele Homozygous Heterozygous Definition Example/book reference Key area 2.6a – The need for transport in plants Word Transpiration Xylem Phloem Photosynthesis Stomata Guard cells Lignin Minerals Root hair cell Spongy mesophyll Vascular tissue Definition Example/book reference Key area 2.6b – The need for transport in animals: circulation Word Circulatory system Heart Blood vessels Artery Vein Capillaries Plasma Haemoglobin Valves Aorta Pulmonary artery Pulmonary vein Vena cava Ventricle Atria Definition Example/book reference Key area 2.6c The need for transport in animals: gas exchange and nutrient absorption Word Alveoli Cartilage Cilia Digestion Lacteal Lungs Lymph Mucus Peristalsis Villi Gas exchange Carbohydrate Fats Proteins Definition Example/book reference Key area 2.7 – Effects of lifestyle choices on human transport exchange systems Word Lifestyle choice Diet Obesity Heart attack Tobacco Exercise Alcohol Definition Example/book reference
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