Download Level Genetics Review

Level Genetics Review
1. Describe the 3 laws that Gregor Mendel established after working
with pea plants.
a. Law of Dominance:
b. Law of Segregation:
c. Law of Independent Assortment:
2. Define the following terms:
a. Dominantb. Recessivec. Heterozygousd. Homozygouse. Purebredf. Hybridg. Geneh. Allelei.
Phenotype-
j.
Genotype-
k. P generationl.
F1 generation-
m. F2 generationn. Self-fertilizationo. Cross-fertilization-
3. In some species of plants, crossing red flowers with white flowers
produces pink flowers.
What type of dominance is this called in genetics?
4. In some species of chickens, there are two dominant alleles for feather
color. What is the appearance of the offspring when a black dominant
rooster is crossed with a white dominant hen?
What kind of dominance is displayed?
5. Some of our traits are determined by more than one pair of alleles,
such as blood type and hair color. What are these types of traits
called?
6. What is polyploidy?
Does it make plants stronger or weaker?
Does if make animals stronger or weaker?
7. If an organism’s diploid number of chromosomes is 36 chromosomes,
what is its haploid number of chromosomes?
8. What does a Punnett square show us?
9. What are the human male gametes? Female gametes?
10. Are the gametes haploid or diploid?
11. How many pairs of chromosomes are found in human body cells?
12. How many chromosomes are found in human sex cells? ________
Are the chromosomes in pairs?
13. What is the normal male genotype? Normal female genotype?
14. Who determines the sex of the offspring?
15. What is the probability of having a male or female child?
16. Describe the location of the gene 16p13.
17. In a certain species of frogs, L is the gene for long legs. The gene for
short legs is represented by l. Two frogs were bred in a lab. A
homozygous dominant male and a heterozygous female produced
many offspring.
a. What are the parent phenotypes?
b. What are the parent genotypes?
c. What is the phenotypic ratio of the offspring?
d. What is the genotypic ratio of the offspring?
18. What are autosomes?
19. What types of traits are controlled by genes located on the sex
chromosomes?
20. What are homologous chromosomes?
21. How many different blood types alleles are there? List them.
22. What is the universal blood donor?
23. What is the universal blood recipient?
26. Fill-in the following Blood Type Chart:
Blood Type
Genotype(s)
Can Give to:
(Phenotype)
A
or
B
Can Receive
from:
or
AB
O
27. A woman sues a man for the support of the child. She has type A
blood, her child has type O blood, and the man has type B blood.
a. Can he be the father?
b. If the child had type B blood and the man had type O, could
he be the father? Explain.
28. A woman with blood type AB marries a man with type O blood.
a. What are the genotypes of each parent?
b. What are the possible gametes of the woman?
c. What are the possible gametes of the man?
d. Draw a punnett square.
e. What are the phenotypes of the possible offspring?
29. Are sex-linked genes found on the X or Y chromosome?
30. Give 3 examples of a sex-linked trait.
31. A man can only pass his sex-linked gene to his (son/daughter).
Circle one
32. Let b=colorblind, B=normal vision
a. Genotype(s) of colorblind male ______________________
b. Genotype(s) of colorblind female ____________________
c. Genotype(s) of carrier female ______________________
d. Genotype(s) of normal male
______________________
e. Genotype(s) of normal female ______________________
33. Give the possible genotypes of the parents of a colorblind
daughter.
_______________x_______________
34. Who is more likely to have a sex-linked recessive disorder, males or
females?
35. Hemophilia or “bleeding disease” is due to a recessive sex-linked
gene (h). A woman whose father was hemophilic, but was not a
bleeder herself, marries a normal man. What is the chance of
hemophilia being present among her children?
36. What is a karyotype?
38. What does the diagram above represent?
39. Does this karyotype show any abnormalities?
40. Which chromosomes represent the autosomes?
41. Which chromosomes represent the sex chromosomes?
42. How many chromosomes are shown in the karyotype above?
43. Describe the karyotype of the following genetic disorders:
a. Down’s syndrome
b. Klinefelter’s syndrome
c. Turner’s syndrome
44. Write the genotypes for the following individuals:
a. Normal male _________________
b. Normal female ______________
c. Turner’s syndrome _____________
d. Klinefelter’s syndrome _____________
The diagrams below represent the sex chromosomes.
A.
45. Is diagram A male or female?
B.
Is diagram B male or female?
THE FOLLOWING PEDIGREE SHOWS THE INHERITANCE PATTERN OF CYSTIC
FIBROSIS. USE THE PEDIGREE TO ANSWER QUESTIONS 46-58.
I
II
III
46.How many females are represented in the pedigree?
47. How many cystic fibrosis females are found in the pedigree?
48. How many normal females are found in the pedigree?
49. How many normal males are found in the pedigree?
50. How many cystic fibrosis males are found in the pedigree?
51. What type of twins (II 6-7) are represented?
52. What type of twins (III 3-4) are represented?
53. Which set of twins do BOTH of the individuals have cystic fibrosis? Set
(II 6-7) or set (III 3-4)
54. Is cystic fibrosis a recessive or dominant gene?
55. What is the genotype of person III-6?
56. What is the phenotype of I-1?
57. Is I-3 homozygous recessive, homozygous dominant or
heterozygous?
58. Is I-2 homozygous recessive, homozygous dominant or
heterozygous?
Use the words below to answer questions 59- 63:
a. Body
d. Growth and Repair
b. Reproductive
e. 2
c. Sexual
f. 4
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
Mitosis occurs in this type of cell
The number of cells produced after one mitotic division
The purpose of cell division during mitosis
The purpose of cell division during meiosis
Meiosis occurs in this type of cell
64. A male sex cell is called a/an ___________.
65. A female sex cell is called a/an __________.
66. The diploid number of chromosomes in humans is ____________.
67. A fruit fly has 8 chromosomes in its body cells. What is the haploid
number?
68. A dog has 78 chromosomes in its body cells. What is the diploid
number?