Download Pre –AP: 2nd Semester Study Guide

Pre –AP: 2nd Semester Study Guide
Review for Finals
100 Multiple Choice Questions
Good Luck! Study well!!
Evolution: Change over time
Ch. 15:
1.
What is evolution?
2.
Know important scientists and theories of evolution.
- Charles Darwin and natural selection
- Thomas Malthus & population economy
- Alfred Russell Wallace
3.
artificial selection, struggle for existence, fitness, adaptations, survival of the fittest, common
descent, homologous structures
Ch. 16:
1.
sources of genetic variation
2.
single gene trait vs. polygenic traits
3.
directional, stabilizing, disruptive selections
4.
genetic drift
5.
How does speciation occur?
Ch. 17:
1.
microevolution vs. macroevolution
2.
adaptive radiation vs. convergent evolution
3.
analogous vs. homologous structures
4.
coevolution vs. punctuated equilibrium vs. gradualism
Ch. 18:
1.
What is classification and taxonomy?
2.
Who developed the classification system that is still used today? How did he name organisms?
3.
How are organisms classified today?
4.
What is a dichotomous key? Know how to use one.
5.
What are the 7 main groupings of organisms in taxonomy?
6.
What is the evolutionary history of a species?
7.
What is cladistics?
8.
What are the 6 major kingdoms of organisms? What are their main characteristics?
Invertebrates
1.
Know different types of symmetry.
2.
Dorsal, ventral, anterior, posterior
3.
Know major classes of invertebrates
- unique characteristics/adaptations & functions
- how maintain homeostasis
- environment
- advantages
Vertebrates
1.
Know major classes of vertebrates and their unique characteristics/adaptations.
2.
Know major characteristics of vertebrates:
- symmetry, support
- type of: circulatory system, nervous system, respiratory system
- unique characteristics/adaptations & functions
- how maintain homeostasis
- environment
- advantages
Animal Behavior
1.
behavior
2.
stimulus vs. response
3
innate vs. learned behavior
4.
habituation, classical, operant, insight learning
- examples
5.
imprinting
6.
patterns of behavior: courtship, territory, communication
Plants
1.
What are the 6 main characteristics of plants?
2.
What do plants need in order to survive?
3.
3 plant adaptations
- functions
- specialized cells
4.
xylem vs. phloem
5.
vascular cambium vs. cork cambium
6.
sporophyte vs. gametophyte
7.
primary growth vs. secondary growth
8.
non-vascular vs. vascular plants
9.
4 major characteristics of vascular plants
10.
monocots vs. dicots
11.
3 types of flowering plants
12.
male plants vs. female plant
13.
4 main ways seeds are dispersed
14.
3 main plant tropisms
Human Anatomy
1.
Know 11 human systems & functions
2.
Important organs & functions
- HOW they work
- where located
3.
Specialized cells/tissues & functions
- ex) bones, tendons, ligaments, joints
4.
Labeling
5.
Pathways/flows
6.
Voluntary vs. involuntary