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Honors Study Guide 3rd Nine Weeks Name_______________________________ I. Spanish Period 1. Put the following events in order: Louisiana as a proprietorship, becoming a Spanish colony, becoming a French royal colony, and claiming France? 1. Louisiana claimed by France 2. Louisiana as a proprietorship 3. Becoming a royal French colony 4. Becoming a Spanish colony 2. Who was the first Spanish governor of Louisiana? Antonio de Ulloa 3. What mistakes did Gov. Ulloa make? Did not hold a formal flag ceremony; ruled from behind the scenes; allowed French military and Aubry to remain; fixed prices angering merchants; did not hold a public wedding 4. Why were the merchants angry with Ulloa? negatively affected by trade regulations 5. What event took place while Ulloa was governor of LA? Creole Revolution 6. Who was sent to put down the Creole Revolution? Alejandro O'Reilly 7. Why were the leaders of the Creole Revolution invited to the governor's home? Had them arrested for treason 8. What took the place of the French Superior Council? Cabildo 9. How did O'Reilly impact Louisiana? guaranteeing Spanish control over the colony 10. Who was the Spanish governor during the American Revolution clearing the British away from the Miss. River and Gulf Coast? Bernardo de Galvez 11. How did Louisiana help in the American Revolution? Clear the British out of the Mississippi River and Gulf of Mexico 12. Who was the Spanish governor that had to rebuild New Orleans after it was destroyed by fire? Esteban Miro 13. What is the Right of Deposit? Right to bring crops and goods down the Mississippi River and deposit in the warehouses of New Orleans 14. Who was the Spanish governor during the French Revolution and gave the Americans the Right of Deposit? Carondelet 15. Who perfected a new granulating sugar process making sugarcane a popular crop in LA? Etienne de Bore 16. Where did the Islenos come from? Canary Islands 17. Why were the Acadians exiled? Refused to take the oath of allegiance to the British Crown which would force them to give up their French language, Catholic religion and forced them to fight other French 18. Why did Acadian settlements spread west of New Orleans? Wanted to farm, fish, and hunt unclaimed fertile Delta lands in the southwest 19. Where did the Acadians settle? Southwest Louisiana along Bayou Teche where the lands were fertile and unclaimed 20. When did the Acadians and their culture come to Louisiana? After the French and Indian War 21. How did Louisiana do under Spanish control? Louisiana was more successful II. Louisiana Purchase and Statehood 22. Why did the United States want to purchase territory in Louisiana from France? Louisiana controlled the main transportation route to the interior of North America 23. What role did Thomas Jefferson play in the history of Louisiana? He was the president who authorized the LA Purchase 24. What historical event led to the purchase of most of Louisiana except the Florida Parishes? Louisiana Purchase 25. Why did Napoleon decide to sell Louisiana? Lost St. Domingue in a slave rebellion and Yellow Fever; no longer needed it for food and supplies 26. What role did William C. C. Claiborne play in the development of Louisiana? He oversaw the transfer after the LA Purchase and became first governor 27. How did William C.C. Claiborne affect Louisiana history? Encouraging Americanization 28. Why was the Sabine Strip called "no-man's land"? only outlaws lived there 29. How did the location of New Orleans help the British? Naval blockade the city 30. Why was the Battle of New Orleans considered unnecessary? Fought after the Treaty of Ghent was signed 31. Who led the Americans in the Battle of New Orleans? Andrew Jackson 32. Who led the British in the Battle of New Orleans? Edward Pakenham 33. How did Louisiana's early state government in the Const. of 1812 differ from the state gov. of today? Today Citizens elect the governor; 1812: Legislature chose governor from top two chosen by male property owners who voted 34. Which cultures influenced Louisiana's culture from 1800-1819? French, Spanish, Americans 35. Why is the St. John the Baptist Slave Rebellion important? Largest slave rebellion in USA 36. Who won the War of 1812? Americans Antebellum and The Civil War 37. During the 19th Century, why did Louisiana become more interdependent? Louisiana's waterways made the state important for trade 38. During the Antebellum and Civil War Period, what did Louisiana focus on? Agricultural production not industry 39. Why did Louisiana depend on food imported from other states and countries? Many plantations specialized in cash crops 40. Why did cotton become so profitable in the 19th Century? Louisiana's climate and soil and the Cotton Gin 41. What resource in Louisiana encouraged economic growth during the Antebellum period? Cotton, sugarcane, and rice 42. In a plantation economy, what are resources used for ? Agricultural production 43. What disease was caused by mosquitoes? Yellow Fever 44. What invention allowed trade on the river in both directions? Steamboat 45. How did Henry Miller Shreve aid Louisiana's development? Increased the importance of the Red River by clearing it 46. What three things led to Louisiana's economic growth during the Antebellum period? Cotton Gin, Port of New Orleans, Steamboats 47. What was one of the main reasons the nation was divided over slavery? Arguing over the spread of slavery in the West 48. What percentage of Louisiana people owned slaves? Less than 25% 49. Who was the first state to secede? South Carolina 50. Why did most Louisianians want to secede? States' Rights; control of property, society, and future 51. What country did Louisiana join? Confederate States of America Civil War 52. What was the goal of the Anaconda Plan? To gain control of the Mississippi River and defeat the Confederacy 53. How was New Orleans defended? Two forts, chains across the river, cypress rafts carrying pine knots and cotton 54. What did the Confederates do to the warehouses in New Orleans? Why? Set fire to the supplies 55. What was the purpose of Grant's Canal? To connect Grant to the Mississippi River bypassing Vicksburg 56. Why did Port Hudson surrender? They learned of the surrender of Vicksburg 57. What were the goals of the Red River Campaign? 3 goals: 1. Take Shreveport; 2. Take Cotton; 3. Invade Texas; leader Banks 58. Why was the Red River Campaign a failure? None of the goals were achieved, numerous ships were lost, thousands of soldiers died, were wounded, or captured 59. Where did the longest siege of the final Union campaign in LA occur? Port Hudson 60. What was one of the last Confederate victories that saved Shreveport? Battle of Mansfield 61. What Union general was placed in charge of occupied New Orleans? Benjamin "The Beast" Butler 62. What was the purpose of the Emancipation Proclamation? To pressure the Confederates to end the war and free slaves 63. What was the result of the Emancipation Proclamation? All slaves held in rebel-controlled territories were free; Weakened rebel forces because the army lost the use of slave labor; encourage slaves to escape 64. What was the single greatest act of destruction of the Civil War in Louisiana? Burning of Alexandria 65. What was one success of General Butler? Cleaned the city 66. How did the Civil War affect LA's cotton industry? reduced the traditional supply of labor for growing cotton 67. Why did the Confederates and the Union want to control Louisiana? offered access to shipping routes along a major river 68. Where were most of the Civil War battles? Major waterways 69. What was Louisiana like at the end of the Civil War? Completely destroyed; large amount of casualties Constructed Response: Be able to answer the following: 1. People from various locations came to Louisiana such as the French, Islenos, Acadians, Africans, etc. Choose two and answer the following questions. Part A: Why did this group of immigrants come to Louisiana? Explain in detail. Where did they settle in Louisiana? • Acadians: Refused to take the oath of allegiance to the British Crown which would force them to give up their French language, Catholic religion and forced them to fight other French; Invited by King Carlos III; Louisiana offered a similar environment of rich farmland and waters to fish • Settled: Southwest Louisiana along Bayou Teche where the lands were fertile and unclaimed • • • Islenos: Invited by King Carlos III; Offered free land, tools, seed, housing, and pay; Spain wanted to bring in Spanish settlers; they settled predominantly in St. Bernard Parish • • Africans: Brought here as slaves; many married French or Spanish and became Free People of Color; others came with the St. Domingue slave rebellion Part B: How did this group of immigrants contribute to Louisiana’s history and/or culture? Explain with one or more examples. Acadians: Contributed techiniques of fishing, hunting, farming off the land; created a style of food known as Cajun; contributed a style of music using the accordion, fiddle, washboard, and fiddle; contributed the French language which is now known as Cajun Islenos: Contributed the Spanish language; sugar cane farming and cultivation; cattle farming; fishing and trapping techniques Africans: Contributed food techniques such as gumbo; African music especially drums; Religious ceremonies; African names and language 2. In 1803, the United States purchased 600 million acres of land from France as part of the Louisiana Purchase. Part A: Explain how this purchase benefited the United States government. Use economic concepts in your explanation. • Needed a port west of the Ohio River and wanted the right of deposit without interference; wanted control of the Mississippi River Part B: Explain how this purchase benefited Napoleon Bonaparte. Use economic concepts in your explanation. • After losing St. Domingue, Napoleon no longer needed Louisiana to provide food and materials; Napoleon needed money for war with Britian Part C: Explain how this purchase benefited American merchants. Use economic concepts in your explanation. American merchants now had a major river to access they had the right of deposit they had a port to deposit their goods that would ship them all over the world for sale Americans now controlled the largest river in North America. This would lead to a surplus of crops and goods and transportation America would grow into a world trading power