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Human Genetics Study Guide
Materials: Please review all notes taken in class as these are always your best resource. Please note that you
are responsible for information from the unit on genetics as this unit ties directly into that unit.
1. Explain the chromosome theory of inheritance.
2. In what ways does the chromosome theory of inheritance expand beyond the work of Mendel?
3. Explain the difference between multiple alleles and polygenic traits.
4. What is a sex-linked trait?
5. Why do sex-linked traits appear more frequently in males?
6. What is a pedigree and why do we use them?
7. Explain the difference between monosomy and trisomy.
8. Give an example of monosomy and trisomy.
9. When does nondisjunction typically occur?
10. What is a carrier?
11. What is the difference between a sex-linked trait and a sex-influenced trait?
12. Give two examples of sex-linked traits.
13. Give an example of an autosomal recessive disorder and an autosomal dominant disorder.
14. What is sickle cell anemia?
15. What is gene linkage?
16. Why did Thomas Hunt Morgan hypothesize that the x chromosome contained more genes than the y
chromosome?
17. When Morgan conducted a dihybrid cross in fruit flies, why didn’t he get the same phenotype ratio that
Mendel experienced?
18. How did Morgan’s discovery somewhat alter the law of independent assortment?
19. What is a chromosome map (linkage map)? How is one constructed?
20. Explain the difference between blood cells in a person with sickle cell anemia and a person with normal
red blood cells.
Skills:
1) Construct pedigrees and interpret genotypes and patterns of inheritance.
2) Solve sex-linked Punnett squares.
Interpret karyotypes (on the back)
What disorder does each person have?
Which chromosomes are autosomes? Which chromosomes are sex chromosomes?
What does each numbered pair represent?