Download Ch18 Frequently Asked Questions

Ch18 Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between Chvostek’s sign and Trousseau’s sign?
Both Chvostek’s and Trousseau’s signs are used to detect neuroexcitability. Positive
findings for both techniques indicate hypocalcemia or tetanus infection. To perform
Chvostek’s sign, tap the side of the patient’s face just below the temple area using your
middle or index finger. Observe the same side of the face for a muscle spasm of the
mouth and cheek. This ipsilateral muscle spasm is a positive finding for Chvostek’s sign.
To perform Trousseau’s sign, apply a blood pressure cuff to the patient’s upper arm and
inflate it to 10 mm Hg above the patient’s systolic blood pressure. Leave the blood
pressure cuff inflated for 1 to 3 minutes and observe for ipsilateral muscle twitching of
the hands and fingers, the presence of which is a positive finding for Trousseau’s sign.
How do I use a goniometer?
A goniometer assesses the degree of joint angle at full range of motion. To use a
goniometer, place the joint in a neutral position and hold the center of the goniometer
over the joint. The two distal arms of the goniometer should be aligned with the proximal
and distal bones adjacent to that joint. Next, move the joint through a range of motion and
measure the degree of joint angle visible on the goniometer at full range of motion.
What is the difference between partial weight bearing and weight bearing as
tolerated?
Partial weight bearing status implies that the patient is able to bear a percentage of weight
on the affected extremity. Normally, a patient who has partial weight bearing on an
affected extremity can bear 30% to 50% of his or her weight on that extremity. By
contrast, weight bearing as tolerated describes situations in which the patient can bear as
much weight as tolerated on the affected extremity without pain or strain.
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