Download Notes_Mid2_Male section (1)

Notes
General
equation
General
equation
neral
equation
General
equation
equation
General
equation
General
equation
equation
leneral
General
equation
al
equation
General
equation
General
equation
equation
General
equation
General
equation
General
equation
eral
ation
tion
General
equation
eral
equation
1) In theHH
following
the reagent
(Z) must be
neral
equation
equation
H
+
+ +
H general equation,
H HH
+
++ +
+ HH
H
HH
+
HH2H
O,
+
+
2O, H
H
O,
H
O,
H
H
H
O,
H
H
O,
H
H
H
H
H
/
2OO,
32O
H
H
+
+
2
2
+
2
H
O,
H
+
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
+
+O,
HGeneral
H
H
+OMgX
+ O,
2O,
++ 2
+++++
++++ H
+O,
HRMgX
H
H OH
+O,
H
H
+
+O
2C
equation
H
HRCH
H
H
neral
equation
+OMgX
+
RMgX
RCH
RMgX
+
O
RCH
RCH
OH
O,
H
+
++
+
2+H
H
O,
H
H
O,
H
+
H
C
alcohol
nlRMgX
General
equation
+O,
H
O,
H
H2H2O,
H
O,
H2H
equation
H
HH
O
/H
O
HOMgX
H
O
/O
O
2OMgX
2RCH
RMgX
RCH
OMgX
RCH
RCH
OMgX
+
2O
3+
O
O
O
232
3H
RMgX
RCH
2OH
2alcohol
RCH
RCH
RCH
OH
2
2
O,
H
O,
O,
H
H
O,
H
O
/1.
2
2RCH
OH
2
2O,
RMgX
RMgX
H
O,
H
C
H
C
H
C
C
2H
Primary
alcohol
Primary
2H
H
H
H
H
O,
2O
H
C
2H
2OMgX
2OMgX
2RCH
RMgX
RCH
OMgX
RCH
OMgX
H
+
+
+
+
H
O
O
RCH
MgX
2
2
2OH RCH
2
2OH
22alcohol
2Primary
+
RCH
OH
RCH
OH
2
2
2
H
O,
H
H
O,
H
2
OH
2
Primary
O
2
H
H
H
C
H
C
2
2
2OH
2
2
+
2
2
2
H
C
2
2
+
+
RMgX
RCH
OMgX
RMgX
RCH
OMgX
OMgX
RCH
RMgX
O
OMgX
RCH
RMgX
O
O
O
RCH
OH
RCH
OH
OH
RCH
RCH
2
H
C
H
C
Primary
alcohol
C
H
C
H
alcohol
Primary
OMgX
RCH
RMgX
OMgX
RCH
RMgX
O
O
2
2
RCH
OMgX
RMgX
RCH
OMgX
RCH
OMgX
RMgX
RCH
OMgX
+
+
2
2
OMgX
RCH
O
O
OMgX
RCH
O
O
+
+
OH
RCH
OH
RCH
O
O
RCH
OMgX
2alcohol
RCH
OH RCH
RCH
OH22
RCH
OMgX
RCH
2alcohol
OH
RCH
OH
RCH
O
HOMgX
C
H
RCH
OH
H+ OC
C
H
C
H
C
alcohol
Primary
OH
RCH
H
alcohol
Primary
2
2
OMgX
RCH
RCH
OMgX
RCH
RCH
OMgX
C
OC
O
2
2
2RCH
OMgX
+OCC
+
C
OMgX
O
2
+
OH
RCH
RCH
OH
RCH
OH
OMgX
RCH
2
2
2OH
RCH
OH
RCH
OH
2RCH
22alcohol
OH
RCH
RMgX
MgX
H+O
C
H+++RCH
C
Primary
2
RCH
OMgX
Primary
alcohol
2OH
2
2
2OMgX
2RCH
O
22
2alcohol
2
2
2OH
+2
RCH
OH
+ + 2Primary
H
2Primary
OH
RCH
RCH
OMgX
Primary
2H
2
RCH
22H 2 +++ RCH
22
2RCH
H2222H
H
22
22O,
22
2
+2
++ + 2
+ HPrimary
2alcohol
2OH
22OMgX
H OCH
H
O,
H
H
2
2
H
O,
H
H
O,
H
H
O,
H
H
O,
H
H
O
/
O
2.
2
3
2
2
2H2O, H
2
O, H
H
2
2C
A) Formaldehyde
B)
Acetaldehyde
RMgX
RCH
RMgX
RCH
OMgX
OHO
RCH
RCH
OH
HOMgX
H
C
alcohol
2OMgX
2RCH
RCH
OMgX
RCH
OMgX
RCH
OMgX
RCH
OMgX
+O
+ +RCH
OO
OMgX
2OH
2alcohol
RCH
OH
RCH
RCH
OH
RCH
OH
O
A)O
Formaldehyde
B)
Acetaldehyde
OH
MgX
H
CRMgX
H
C
Primary
alcohol
Primary
2
2
2
2
H
C
2
2
2OH
2
2Primary
RCH
OH
OH
OH
RCH
2
RCH
RCH
OMgX
+O
C
Primary
alcohol
RCH
OMgX
RCH
2
2
2
2
A)
Formaldehyde
B)
Acetaldehyde
2
Acetaldehyde
B)
Formaldehyde
A)
2
B)
A)
Formaldehyde
Acetaldehyde
Acetaldehyde
B)B)Acetaldehyde
Formaldehyde
A)A)Formaldehyde
A) Formaldehyde
B) Acetaldehyde
ZZZ ZZZZZZZZ
Z
Z
A) Formaldehyde
A) Formaldehyde
A)Acetone
ZZ
B) Acetaldehyde
B) B)Methanol
Acetaldehyde
C) Formaldehyde
D) Acetaldehyde
 Grignard reagents react with formaldehyde to produce primary alcohols.
 Grignard reagents react with any other aldehyde to produce secondary alcohols.
 Grignard reagents react with ketones to produce tertiary alcohols.
8)Which of the following statement about compounds (1) and (2) is false?
A) (1) is less soluble in water than (2)
B) (1) can be easily oxidized than (2)
C) (1) has higher boiling point than (2)
D) (1) and (2) are isomers
Isomers. Have same molecular formula, but different structures.
Isomers. Example: C2H6O
10) What reagent is needed to accomplish the following transformation?
A) K2Cr2O7
B) LiAlH4
C) KMnO4
D) PCC
StrongOxidizing reagent = A) K2Cr2O7 , C) KMnO4 weak Oxidizing reagent D) PCC
Reducing reagent = B) LiAlH4
11) Ozonolysis of 2-methyl-2-butene results in the formation of
A) Dialdehyde
B)One aldehyde and one ketone
C) Two aldehydes
D) Two ketones
Answer of this reaction
O3
O
+
O
12) What is the product (P) of the following reaction?
H
HO
A) 4-Methylpentane
B) 2-Methylpentane
C) 4-Methyl-1-pentanol
D) 4-Methyl-2-pentene
Reducing reagent = NaBH4
13) The reaction
gives
CHO
OH
d)
A)c)
CHO
B)
OH
b)
a)
C)
D)
Reducing reagent = LiAlH4
O
HO
OH
1) LiAlH4
2) H2O
-O
OH
OH
H
H
loss Oxygen
atom
H
17) What is the starting material (X) used in the following reaction?
XX
OH
OH
HgSO4 / H2SO4
+
OH
+
HgSO4,,4H
,HH
++
,HH
HgSO4,,4H
HgSO
++
HgSO
HgSO
4
H
O
+
H
CHC
CH
4
2
O HgSO
H
O
+CCH
3
CH22
H33CHC
CHC
CHHH+
C22OCH
H
CH
CH
3
C
H33C C
2
OO
O
CH3
3C CC CH
HH
C
H
33C C CH33
OH
OH
OO
OH
O
CH
C
CH
H3C
2
CH
3CC
H
CC
HH
CC CH
CH
H
H
CH
23233
3333C
(ketoform,
form,
stable)
(keto
form,
stable)
D) 1-propanol
(keto
stable)
(>99%)
(>99%)
(>99%)
(enol
form,
unstable)
stable)
form,
(keto
A)
Propene
C)Propyne
unstable)B) 2-propanol
form,unstable)
(enol
(enol
form,
unstable)
(enol
form,
unstable)
(keto
form,
stable)
(enol
form,
unstable)
(keto
form,
stable)
(enol
form,
(<1%)
(>99%)
(<1%)
(<1%)
(<1%)
(>99%)
(<1%)
(>99%)
(<1%)
This reaction refers to Hydration Of Alkynes
18) The product of the following reaction
A)
B)
is
C)
Cyano group or nitrile is written as CN or C
D)
N
19) Methyl vinyl ketone is the common name of
A) 2-Buten-3-one
B) 1-Buten-2-one
C) 1-Buten-3-one
D)3-Buten-2-one
O
Methyl vinyl ketone is
20) What is the product formed in the following reaction?
A)
H
+
+
OH
heat
O
d)
O
OH
O
O
c)
B)
The reaction of Alcohol + Acid
O
O
Ester
C)
O
b)
O
a)
D)
O
23) Which one of the following reactions gives propyl ethyl ether?
1) Na
1) NaOH
A)
c)
B)c)
OH
OH
2) CH3CH2CH2Br
2) CH3CH2CH2Br
1) Na
1) NaOH
a)
OH
C)
D)
2) CH3CH2Br
b)
OH
2) CH3CH2CH2Br
Answer of this reaction
1) Na
ONa
OH
+1/2 H2
2) CH3CH2CH2Br
O
24) Two molecules (X, Y) have the same chemical formula C2H6O but the boiling point of X
is higher than Y, So the compound Y is
A) Ethene
B) Methoxy methane
C)Ethanal
D) Ethanol
Isomers. Have same molecular formula, but different structures.
Isomers = B) Methoxy methane
OH
H3C CH2
and D) Ethanol have (C2H6O)
CH3
H3C O
(X)
(Y)
A) Ethene (C2H2) and C)Ethanal (C2H4O) are not Isomers
25) Which of the following compounds is a cyanohydrin?
A)
B)
C)
D)
(Cyanohydrin: A molecule containing an -OH group and a -CN group bonded to the same carbon.
26)The carbonyl-O-atom in aldehydes and ketones can be attacked by
A) O-atom of water
B) Electrophile
C) Nucleophile
D) Anion
O-atom has –ve charge can be attacked by B) Electrophile
Some definitions are important
Electrophile: Any group has +ve charge
Nucleophile: Any group has -ve charge
Anion: Any atom has -ve charge
Cation: Any atom has +ve charge
Carbanion: carbon atom has -ve charge
Carbacation: Carbon atom has +ve charge
27) The following reaction
yields
A)3-Methyl-4-hexanol
2) H3O+
B)4-Ethyl-3-hexanol
C)4-Methoxy-3-hexanol
D)4-Methyl-3-hexanol
H3O+ sometimes is written as H2O/H+
28)Which functional group is not present in the following structure?
=OR
=Trichloromethyl group
A)Hemiketal
=Tertiary alcohol
C)Trichloromethyl group
B)Hemiacetal
D) Tertiary alcohol
B)Hemiacetal contains OH, OR, R (CCl3), H
29) What reagent is needed to accomplish the following transformation?
A) Na /heat / H3O+
B)KMnO4 / H3O+
C) NaOH /heat / H3O+
D) Na2Cr2O7/heat / H3O+
This reaction refers to Synthesis of phenols
30) Which of the following compounds can not be classified as a secondary halide?
A) 1-Chloro-1-isopropylcyclopentane
B) 2-Bromobutane
C) Cyclohexyl iodide
D)Isopropyl bromide
A) 1-Chloro-1-isopropylcyclopentane is tertiary halide
B) 2-Bromobutane , C) Cyclohexyl iodide and D)Isopropyl bromide are secondary halides