Download Standard PS-1: The student will demonstrate an

Physical Science Standards Word Bank
Standard PS-1: The student will demonstrate an understanding of how scientific inquiry and
technological design, including mathematical analysis, can be used appropriately to pose questions, seek
answers and develop solutions. [26]
Scientific investigation: hypothesis, independent variable, dependent variable
Methods of control: controlled variable, control group
Sources of scientific information
Laboratory apparatus, laboratory technology, laboratory techniques
Reading scientific measuring instruments: graduated cylinders, balances, spring scales, thermometers, rulers
Measurement data
Metric units
Precision and accuracy
Data
Graphs – direct and inverse variations (proportion)
Formulas
Models
Dimensional analysis
Technology
Standard PS-2: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the structure and properties of atoms. [34]
Sub-atomic particles: proton, neutron, electron
Chemical stability: chemically stable, atom, chemical unstable atom
Energy level
Valence electrons
Electron cloud
Chemical reaction
Nucleus
Compound
Atomic number
Ion
Nuclear decay
Nuclear fission: chain reaction, critical mass
Mass number
Nuclear fusion
Radiation
Nuclear medicine
Isotope
Nuclear power reactors
Atomic mass
Nuclear weapons
Periodic table organization: period, group or family
Metal, nonmetal, metalloid
Standard PS-3: The student will demonstrate an understanding of various properties and classifications of matter.
Physical property: boiling point, freezing/melting point, density, solubility, viscosity, conductivity
Chemical property: combustibility, flammability; ability to oxidize, corrode, decompose, react with acids; not react
Organic substances: biological molecules – protein, carbohydrate, lipid; hydrocarbons – polymers
Inorganic substances
Molecule
Atom
Atoms can combine to form molecules
Pure substance: element, compound
Mixture: homogeneous mixture, heterogeneous mixture
Kinetic theory
States of matter: solid, liquid, gas, plasma
Temperature (effect on particle motion)
Particle size (effect on surface area)
Agitation (effect on solute/solvent collisions)
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Phase change (in terms of energy): freezing/melting point, boiling point, sublimation
C. Keaise, Instructor
Physical Science Standards Word Bank
Standard PS-3: The student will demonstrate an understanding of various properties and classifications of matter.
(cont’d) [50]
Temperature change (in terms of energy)
Heat energy
Acid: acidic solution
Base: basic solution
pH scale
Neutral solution, neutralization reaction
Standard PS-4: The student will demonstrate an understanding of chemical reactions and the chemical reactions
and the classifications, structures, and properties of chemical compounds. [46]
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Stability: noble gas configuration
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Bond: ionic bond, covalent bond
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Covalent bonds – sharing electrons, electron pair, molecule
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Ionic bonds – ions, electron transfer, crystal lattice
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Ionic crystals vs. molecular substances
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Binary ionic compounds
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Chemical formula
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Balanced charge
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Chemical change: gas formation, reaction with acids, tarnish
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Physical change: phase change, expand/contract
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Chemical equation: balanced equation
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Conservation of mass
 Energy change: exothermic, endothermic
 Chemical reaction
 Evidence of a reaction: evolution of a gas, precipitate, energy change
 Formulas of substances: subscripts
 Balanced equation: coefficients
 Synthesis reaction equation
 Decomposition reaction equation
 Single replacement reaction
 Double replacement reaction
 Reaction rate factors: temperature, concentration, surface area, catalyst
 Particle collisions
C. Keaise, Instructor
Physical Science Standards Word Bank
Standard PS-5: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the nature of forces and motion. [40]
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Distance, direction, displacement
Speed: average speed, instantaneous speed, initial speed, final speed
Velocity: average velocity, instantaneous velocity, initial velocity, final velocity
Rate
 Newton’s 1st Law: law of inertia, net force,
Average speed (v)
Newton (N), inertia, friction
Distance (d)
 Newton’s 2nd Law: applied force
Displacement (d)
 Newton’s 3rd Law: law of action and
Elapsed time (t)
reaction, action force, reaction force
Acceleration – initial velocity, final velocity, elapsed time  Applied force
Acceleration due to gravity: ag
 Frictional force
Distance/time graphs
 Net force
Displacement/time graphs
Linear motion
Story graph
Standard PS-6: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the nature, conservation, and
transformation of energy. [56]
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Law of conservation of energy
Work
Energy/energy forms:
mechanical energy,
electrical energy, chemical energy,
light energy, sound energy,
thermal energy
Energy transformation
Potential energy
Gravitational potential energy
Kinetic energy
Work: force, displacement
Energy, joule
Static charge: electron, proton
Charging by friction,
induction, conduction
Voltage in volts (V)
Resistance (R) in ohms ()
Current (I) in amperes (A)
Ohms law: V = IR
 Circuits: parallel circuit, series circuit
 Circuit components : resistor, switch, wire, light bulb
 Voltage sources: chemical cell, battery with cells in series,
battery with cells in parallel, generator
 Resistors wired in series
 Resistors wired in parallel
 Batteries made from cells wired in series
 Batteries made from cells wired in parallel
 Alternating current (AC): generator, electromagnetic
induction
 Direct current (DC): battery, chemical cell
 Electromagnet core
 Motor
 Armature
 Generator
 Electromagnetic induction
C. Keaise, Instructor
Physical Science Standards Word Bank
Standard PS-7: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the nature and properties of
mechanical and electromagnetic waves. [36]
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Wave, transverse wave, longitudinal/compressional wave
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Medium
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Energy transfer
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Mechanical waves: transverse waves, longitudinal/compressional waves
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Wave properties: crest, trough; compression, rarefaction
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Displacement of particles
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Frequency: Hertz
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Period
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Amplitude
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Wavelength
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Velocity – meaning speed
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Wave speed – frequency, hertz, wavelength
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Electromagnetic spectrum
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Visible spectrum
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Propagation without a medium
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Wave behaviors: reflection, refraction, diffraction
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Constructive interference, destructive interference
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Concave lens, convex lens
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Law of reflection, plain mirrors
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Doppler effect
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Frequency, wavelength, pitch
C. Keaise, Instructor