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AP Biology
Mrs. Morton
AP Biology Study Guide
Photosynthesis CH. 10
Key Terms
Photosynthesis
Autotroph
Heteetroph
Photosynthetic autotroph
Photon
Visible light
Spectrophotometer
absortion spectrum
Chlorophyll a
Chlorophyll b
Carotenoids
Mesophyll
Stomata
Light reactions
Calvin cycle
Photophosphorylation
Photosynthetic unit
Reaction center molecule
Absorption spectrum
Photosystem I/ P700
Photosynthesis II
primary electron acceptor
noncyclic electron flow
cyclic electron flow
cyclic photophosphorylation
glyceraldehydes-3-phophate (G3P)
carbon fixation
RuBP (riboluse bisphosphate)
rubisco
C3 plants
photorespiration
C4 plants
bundle-sheath cell
CAM plants
Objectives
1. Explain why almost all organisms depend upon photosynthesis to satisfy their energy needs. Use the terms
autotroph and heterotroph in your explanation.
2. Describe the structure of chloroplasts and indicate that location within plant cells. Describe where most
chloroplasts are located in a leaf.
3. Write as summary equation for photosynthesis.
4. Describe in general the two main stages of photosynthesis.
5. Explain why the absorption spectrum for chlorophyll differs from the action spectrum and an absorption
spectrum.
6. List the wavelengths of light that are most effective for photosynthesis.
7. Explain what happens when chlorophyll or accessory pigments absorb photons.
8. Describe the general organization of a photosynthetic unit.
9. Trace electron flow through photosystms II and I.
10. Compare cyclic and noncyclic electron flow and explain their relationship between these components of the
light reactions.
11. How is a proton gradient established across the thylakoid membrane? How does this result in the synthesis
of ATP?
12. Describe important differences in chemiosmosis between oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria and
photophosaphorylation in chloroplasts.
13. Describe the role of ATP and NADPH in the Calvin cycle.
14. Summarize the carbon-fixing reaction of the Calvin cycle.
15. Describe the major consequences of photorespiration.
16. Describe two important photosynthetic adaptations that minimize photorespiration.