Download History 101 Test III Study Guide

History 101 Test III Study Guide
Ferment of Reform and Culture to The Furnace of Civil War
Chapters 15-21
Ferment of Reform and Culture, 1790-1860
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Give four characteristics of the third revolution that accompanied the reformation of
American politics and the transformation of the American economy in the mid-19th
century.
The Deists embraced what four doctrines?
Give four traits of the Second Great Awakening.
The greatest of the revivalist preachers, Charles Grandison Finney, advocated what
four things?
How did the Second Great Awakening partly reshape American religion?
One characteristic of the Mormons that angered many non-Mormons was what?
Tax-supported public education came to be seen as what?
Despite early resistance, what was the main reason that free public education
ultimately triumphed?
What belief was the basis for the strong prejudice inhibiting women from obtaining
higher education in the early 19th century?
New England reformer Dorothea Dix is most notable for her efforts to achieve what
reform?
The excessive consumption of alcohol by Americans in the 1800s was due to what?
Why were sexual differences strongly emphasized in 19th century America?
Social reformers in the early 19th century had what three goals?
What was one belief that most of the utopian communities in pre-1860 American held
as one of their founding ideals?
Transcendentalists were dedicated to what three traits?
The South and the Slavery Controversy, 1793-1860
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
What was the result of the introduction of the cotton gin?
Why was plantation agriculture largely wasteful?
Give four weaknesses of the slave plantation system.
What was the occupation of most white southerners?
Where did most slaves in the South live by the mid-nineteenth century?
Why did the majority of southern whites own no slaves?
Give two reasons why those white southerners who owned no slaves still supported
the institution of slavery.
How can northern attitudes toward free blacks be best described?
Give four true statements about free blacks.
Who were free blacks before the Civil War? (2) Free blacks were denied what?
What was slavery’s greatest psychological horror that was the theme of Harriet
Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin?
By 1860, slaves were concentrated in the “black belt” located where in the South?
What are four true statements about slavery in the South?
How were most slaves raised?
What were three elements of slave culture?
Slaves fought the system of slavery in what four ways?
White southerners’ brutal treatment of their slaves and fear of a potential slave
rebellion gave rise to what pervasive belief by the South?
18.
19.
What two things contributed to a new, more energetic abolitionist movement after
1830?
Give four claims of the South’s “positive good” argument for slavery.
Manifest Destiny and Its Legacy, 1841-1848
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Why did the Whig party placed John Tyler on the 1840 ticket as vice president?
How can the relations between Britain and the U.S. in the 19th century be
characterized?
Britain was interested in the developments of the Republic of Texas for what two
reasons?
What was one argument against annexation of Texas by the United Sates?
What attracted most Americans who migrated to the Oregon country?
In the presidential election of 1844, how did Henry Clay stand on the annexation of
Texas?
The election of 1844 was notable because of what dominant issue?
Give four points of contention between the U.S. and Mexico that led to war in 1846.
Give four reasons why the U.S. went to war with Mexico in 1 846.
What was one goal of Mexico in its 1846-1848 war with the U.S.?
The Wilmot Proviso symbolized what issue?
Give four results of the Mexican War of 1846-1848.
Renewing the Sectional Struggle, 1848-1854
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
What did party leaders do in order to maintain the two great political parties as vital
bond of national unity?
The debate over slavery in the Mexican Cession threatened to have what result in
national politics?
Give four consequences of the United States’ victory in the Mexican War.
Why did the public like the idea of popular sovereignty?
The Free Soil party of 1848 harbored many northerners who stood squarely against
slavery in the territories primarily on what grounds?
Free Soilers condemned slavery because they believed that it destroyed what
chance?
What was the common trait of those people going to California during the gold rush?
What event threatened to destroy the longstanding balance of free and slave states
in the U.S. Senate?
Why did the South become increasingly worried about the future of slavery?
Give four issues that concerned southerners in 1849-1850.
What was the Underground Railroad?
Why had the issue of runaway slaves become important?
Give four provisions of the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850.
What were four results of the Fugitive Slave Act?
Based on future evidence, what tactical blunder did the South make as part of the
Compromise of 1850?
Give four reasons why some Southerners felt Cuba would be an enticing prospect for
U.S. annexation.
Most American leaders believed that what had to be done to ensure that the new
Pacific Coast territories would remain in the Union?
What was Stephen Douglas’s biggest mistake concerning the North in proposing the
Kansas-Nebraska Act?
Give four consequences of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.
Drifting Toward Disunion, 1854-1861
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
What was the result of reading Uncle Tom’s Cabin for many northerners?
When the people of Britain and France read Uncle Tom’s Cabin, what did their
respective governments realize?
Hinton R. Helper’s book, The Impending Crisis of the South, argued that what group
suffered the most from slave labor?
In 1855, proslavery southerners regarded Kansas as what?
The Lecompton Constitution had what intent as far as Kansas’s statehood and the
status of slavery?
The situation in Kansas in the mid-1850s indicated the impracticality of what principle
being applied in the territories?
What did the clash between Charles Sumner and Preston S. Brooks reveal?
What was the real significance of the election of 1856?
As late as 1856, many northerners were still willing to vote Democratic instead of
Republican for what reason?
The Supreme Court made what four rulings in the Dred Scott case?
For the majority of northerners, what was the most outrageous part of the Supreme
Court’s ruling in the Dred Scott case?
What was the South’s reaction to the panic of 1857?
During the Lincoln-Douglas debates, Stephen A. Douglas made what contention with
his Freeport Doctrine?
John Brown’s raid on Harpers Ferry had what four results?
After John Brown’s raid on Harpers Ferry, the South made what conclusion?
What was the reaction of the people in South Carolina to Lincoln’s victory in the
election of 1860?
Give four reasons why secessionists supported leaving the Union after Lincoln’s
election as president.
Girding for War-The North and the South, 1861-1865
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
In 1861, many Northerners were willing to allow Southern states secede until what
Confederate action?
Give four advantages the Border States offered.
Lincoln’s declaration that the North sought to preserve the Union with or without
slavery indicated what influence on the North’s policy?
To achieve its independence, the Confederacy only had to accomplish what
militarily?
As the Civil War began, the South seemed to possess what advantage?
What was the North’s greatest strength in the Civil War? It was the South’s greatest
weakness?
Give three great advantages the North had at the start of the Civil War.
What was a supposed asset for the South at the start of the Civil War that never
materialized to its real advantage?
Why did most working people in Britain side with the North during the Civil War?
What was one reason why the British did not try to break the Union blockade of the
South during the Civil War?
Why did the South believe that the British would come to aid the Confederacy?
Give four reasons why King Cotton failed the South as a tool of wartime diplomacy.
The Southern cause was greatly weakened by what view of government power and
social hierarchy?
Why were the problems experienced by Lincoln as president less prostrating than
that Jefferson Davis faced?
Give four characteristics of the federal conscription (draft) law.
16.
17.
To help pay for the Civil War, both the North and the South did what four things?
What was the effect of the Civil War on the North’s economy?
The Furnace of Civil War, 1861-1865
1.
2.
3.
4.
Why was the Union’s defeat at Bull Run in 1861 better than a victory?
Give four parts of the Union strategy after the failed Peninsula Campaign.
What was one of Lee’s key objectives in invading Maryland?
Why was the Battle of Antietam particularly critical?