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4.6 gA Formation of the solar system (including Earth) PRECAMBRIAN TIME (ERA) BEGINS – HADEAN EON BEGINS 3.9 gA ARCHEOZOIC (ARCHEAN) EON BEGINS Atmosphere similar to Miller-Urey Experiment 3.5 gA Earliest evidence of life: Bacteria in oceans 3.0 gA Earliest Photosynthetic bacteria in oceans 2.5 gA PROTEROZOIC EON BEGINS 2.1 gA Earliest macroscopic organisms - 1.5 gA Earliest cells with a nucleus (Eukaryotes) 630 mA Earliest Multicellular animals (in oceans) 540 mA PRECAMBRIAN TIME ENDS/ PALEOZOIC ERA BEGIN “Cambrian Explosion” of life - many new forms of life in oceans; most present phyla develop/originate “Age of Invertebrates” 500 mA First fish (jawless fish appear) 440 mA First Mass Extinction of Life 400 mA First Fish with Jaws/ Ozone Layer forms in atmosphere 380 mA First Insects 350 mA First Amphibians 300 mA First Reptiles 240 mA Second Mass Extinction: 96% loss of species 225 mA PALEOZOIC ERA ENDS/ MESOZOIC ERA BEGINS 220 mA First Dinosaurs 200 mA First Mammals/ Pangaea breaking up 150 mA First Birds 140 mA First Flowering Plants 100 mA Rocky Mountains forming 65 mA Last Mass Extinction: Dinosaurs 65 mA MESOZOIC ERA ENDS/ CENOZOIC ERA BEGINS 40 mA Earliest Primates 5 mA Earliest “man-like” mammals 3 mA N. & S. America joined by Central America 2 mA Early Man in Africa & other parts of the World