Download Name - Sewanhaka Central High School District

Name: ___________________________
Date: _____________________
Grammar Review
Capitalization Rules
Rule
Capitalize the first word of every sentence.
Capitalize the first word in most lines of
poetry.
Example
At what time does the program begin?
Watch out!
A silver-scaled Dragon with jaws flaming red
Sits at my elbow and toasts my bread.
I hand him fat slices, and then, one by one,
He hands them back when he sees they are done.
William Jay Smith, “The Toaster”
Capitalize the names of schools subjects
only when they are:
-the names of languages
-followed by a course number
-the names of specific educational courses
Capitalize the beginning of every direct
quotation of a full sentence.
Spanish
Algebra II
Accounting and Marketing Principles
social studies
science
“Watch these gymnasts,” Lindsay said.
When continuing a direct quotation, do not
capitalize the second part.
“Yes,” said Leslie, “but we have to leave soon.”
Capitalize the greeting and the closing of a
letter.
Dear Sir:
Sincerely,
Dear Linda,
Dr. Jackson
Your friend,
Amy Hsu Ph.D.
Capitalize a title used with a person’s
name.
President Bush Attorney General Janet Reno
Do not capitalize titles when they are used
without proper names or after names.
The doctor’s shift begins in the afternoon.
The president will visit on April 9th.
Capitalize the names and initials.
Capitalize the pronoun I.
Mary
W.P. Kinsella
I always go swimming on Tuesdays.
Capitalize family-relationship words when
they are used as names or before names.
Do not capitalize family-relationship words
when they follow a person’s name or are
used without a proper name.
Capitalize the names of organizations,
companies, and institutions.
Capitalize the first word, the last word, and
all important words in a title.
- Novels
- Magazine articles
- Short stories
- Poems
- Television programs - Songs
Capitalize geographical names and places.
Capitalize the words North, South,
East, and West when they refer to a
location.
*do not capitalize these words when they
refer to general direction
Capitalize Special Events/ Calendar
items/Time Abbreviations
*do not capitalize seasons: winter; spring;
summer; fall except when they are a part of
festival titles or celebrations
Capitalize brand names but not a common
noun that follows
Aunt Cindy
Uncle Bob
Dad and Mom are taking us there!
My uncles and aunts will be at the reunion.
Sarah, my favorite cousin, is turning 18 next
Tuesday.
the Senate Hofstra University
Art Club
“The First Day”
“Seventh Grade”
“You’re So Vain”
The Skin I’m In
Miami
Asia
Mississippi River
Hope Street
Yellowstone National Park
Have you ever been to the East?
Drive east on Highway Street.
Monday
January
American holiday
spring
summer
Ivory soap
Pepsi
Independence Day
6 P.M. 400 B.C.
Winter Formal
Mrs. Fields cookies
Capitalize particular places, things, and
events.
- cities - states - countries - continents
- streets - bridges - buildings
Washington Monument
Jupiter
Verrazano Bridge
Winter Formal
Capitalize names of nationalities and races.
Mexican
Capitalize the names of religions, sacred
days, sacred writings and deities.
*do not capitalize the word god when
referring to ancient mythology.
Capitalize historical events and documents.
Yom Kippur
Capitalize the words freshman, sophomore,
junior, or senior only hen used as titles.
Caucasian
Catholic
Bible
A god of mythology, Zeus, is known by many.
Revolutionary War
Boston Tea Party
The seniors will attend Senior Prom in June.
Draw a line through each mistake, and write the correction above it.
1. Mrs. Martin will organize a marathon this Fall to raise money for Floral Park Memorial high school.
2. The teachers at the high school will run a trip to paris, france this november.
3. Michael Jordan works in new york city for Spalding Basketballs.
4. So far from the bamboo Grove was a great read this year in english class.
5. I ate kellog’s cereal for breakfast every day during the summer.
Rules for Using Apostrophes
~ For singular & plural nouns that do not end in s add ’s.
Maleeka’s diary
Children’s school
~ For singular & plural nouns that end in an s, add the ’.
Sweets’ school
the students’ complaints.
~ Use apostrophes to form contractions
do & not = don’t
could not = couldn’t
Draw a line through each mistake, and write the correction above it.
1. Mrs. Martins review sheets for the final exam are very helpful.
2. I found James book in the classroom on Friday.
3. Why can’t you bring Emmas book with you to class?
4. Isnt she going to be disappointed when she realizes the students papers are missing?
Rules for Punctuating Titles
Quotation Marks- Use quotation marks to set off the titles of short works.
Book Chapter- “Dirk the Protector”
Essay- “Names/Nombres”
Poem- “I Might, I May, I Must”
Article- “Primal Compassion”
Italics or underlining- Use either italics or underlining for titles of longer works and for the
names of ships, trains, spacecraft, and airlines.
Book- The Skin I’m In
Painting- Mona Lisa
Play- Rent
Movie- Star Wars
TV Series- Saved by the Bell
Epic poem- Beowulf
Draw a line through each mistake, and write the correction above it.
1. During the school year, the class read the poem, The Highwayman.
2. My favorite book is The Adventures of Tom Sawyer.
Rules for Using Commas
Rule 1: If two independent clauses are being joined together, you need a comma and a
coordinating conjunction (FANBOY); this is a Compound Sentence.
Example: Maleeka Madison is friends with Charlese,
but she is mean to Maleeka.
Rule 2: Use a comma after every item in a series except the last one.
(a series consist of three or more items)
Example: The students make fun of Maleeka’s hair, clothes, and skin color.
Rule 3: Use a comma between adjectives of equal rank that modify the same noun.
.
Example: Maleeka’s mom uses white, thin thread to make clothes.
Rule 4: Use a comma after an introductory phrase (dependent clause).
Use a comma after introductory words.
Examples: When
Maleeka goes to school, Charlese lets her borrow nice clothes.
Finally, Maleeka needs to stand up to Char.
Rule 5: Use commas to set off a word or phrase that interrupts the flow of thought in a sentence.
Use commas to set off nouns of direct address.
Example: Maleeka,
finally, can wear her own clothes and be comfortable.
Maleeka, do not walk away from me.
Rule 6: Use commas with appositives.
Appositive: An appositive is a word or phrase that identifies or renames a noun or pronoun that comes
right before it. Use commas when the appositive adds extra information.
Maleeka Madison,
a student at McClenton Middle School, is insecure.
Rule 7: Use a comma whenever the reader might otherwise be confused.
Example:
Unclear
Before hieroglyphics records were not kept on stone or paper
Clear
Before hieroglyphics, records were not kept on stone or paper.
Make the correction in the sentence.
1. When Mrs. Martin gives us a test we all study.
2. Mrs. Martin our English teacher wants the students to study and she wants us to be good students.
3. The students need a pencil a piece of paper and a binder for English class.
4. The students use a green big binder for English class.
Dependent & Independent Clauses
Dependent clause- Does not express a complete thought and cannot stand alone as a sentence.
Example:
because they care about helping people
Independent clause- Does express a complete thought and can stand alone as a sentence.
Example:
Some students do charity work
Determine if the following clauses are dependent or independent.
1. When many students start studying for the final exam.
2. They will realize that they know so much.
Simple and Compound Sentences
A simple sentence is one independent clause.
Example: I went to the museum.
A compound sentence is two independent clauses, joined by a comma and a coordinating
conjunction, or a semi-colon.
Example: I went to the museum, and I had a great time.
I went to the museum; I had a great time.
Identify each sentence below as simple or compound.
1. I love eating ice-cream during the summer; vanilla is my favorite flavor. _________________________
2. The Oscars are on at 8P.M. on Sunday. _________________________
3. Darren is walking home, and he is going to stop at the store. _________________________
4. Go home; take your dog with you. _________________________
5. Louis had a great time at the movies on Saturday with his friends. _________________________
Subject-Verb & Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement
Singular subjects take singular verbs.
Example: The new museum displays work by local artists.
Singular subject
Singular verb
Plural subjects take plural verbs.
Example: Chicago’s art museums display priceless paintings.
Plural subject
Plural verb
Draw a line through each mistake, and write the correction above it.
1. The students needs to study for the final exam.
2. Mrs. Martin make review sheets for the students.
3. Five students from Mrs. Martin’s class finds studying for the final difficult.
4. The students is allowed to get their books from his locker.
5. Everybody need to study for their final exams.