Download Animal Notes - WordPress.com

Animal Notes: Kingdom Animalia





Characteristics of Animals

Domain ________________________
Kingdom _____________________
___________cellular
Heterotrophs (__________________________)
____________ cell walls



Have ___________________________respond
to environment - ____________________
Locomotion = ability to ___________________
Most develop from a zygote
Single layer of cells surround fluid-filled space
forming a hollow ball of cells called a gastrula.
Body Plans : Symmetry



Animals that are _______________________________________are asymmetrical.
Animals that are _________________________________ are symmetrical.
Animal has radial symmetry if it can be_____________________________________,
through a central axis, into equal halves.
 Animal has bilateral symmetry if it can be _____________________________________
into similar right and left halves forming mirror images of each other.
Not all animals have a skeleton  but some have:
 Exoskeletons: hard, ________________________________________________________ protecting internal
organs, providing framework for support, and places for muscle attachment.
 Endoskeletons: support _______________________________________________protecting some organs and a
bracing for muscles to pull against.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Invertebrates
_ __ main phyla
___ backbones
1: Phylum Porifera: ________________________
 __________________form of animal life
 live in ___________
 _______________________ around - sessile
____% of all animals are on this group



no ______________________
_____________ (__________) all over body
Filter Feeders ________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2: Phylum Cnidaria: ________fish, _____________, sea anemones, and corals


__________________ shapes: Medusa - like a jellyfish, Polyp - like a hydra
Live in ____________
 catch food with ______________________
Most have ____________________
 gut for _______________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3: Phylum Platyhelminthes: Flatworms - Planarians, Tapeworms


Flat, ribbon-like ______________
Live in water or are _____________________


Bilateral _________________
Some parasites - tapeworm
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4: Phylum Nematoda: Roundworms, hookworm, trichilella



______________, tubular body
______________or microscopic
bilateral ___________________


have both __________________________
Live in water or are __________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5: Phylum Mollusca __________________: snails, squid, clams



Soft __________________
Hard __________________
Live on land or in ________________


have a circulatory system and a____________
nervous system.
Important ___________________ for humans
Class Gastropoda: stomach-footed -_______________________________________, may have 1 shell: snails slugs
Class Cephalopods :“head foot” , _____________________________________________, squids and octopuses
Class Bivalvia: Two shells __________________________________________- clams, oysters, scallops and mussels
6: Phylum Annelida - Segmented worms: Earthworms, Bristleworms, Leeches
*Body divided into ________(sections) *Live in_____________________ *have___________&_____________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Earthworms: _________________and breakdown organic matter, wastes provide nutrients to soil
Leeches: parasites that _________________________________of other animals
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
7. Phylum Echinodermata “Spiney Skin” seastar, sea urchin, sand dollar and sea cucumber


Hard, ____________________
Live in _______________________


Radial ____________________
_______________________skeleton
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
8. Phylum Arthropoda Most _____________________________group of organisms on earth (3 sub-phylums)
 Body divided into _______________________
 ___________________ legs
 ________skeleton
 well developed nervous system
Classified into classes according to the number of ________,____________ and ________________ they have.
Subphylum Chilicerata : divided into 3 classes: Arachnida, Merostomata, Pycnogonida
Class Arachnida: spiders, scorpions, mites & ticks
 ___ antennae
 ____ pairs of legs
 _____ body regions - cephalothorax & abdomen
Class Merostomata: Horseshoe crabs



______________group of species
Changed _______________ over 350 million years
_________________, mostly found on Atlantic & gulf coasts of United States.
Class Pycnogonida: Sea spider
Subphylum Crustacea :




Aquatic ones have ___________
__ antennae
___ body regions or segmented
Shrimp, lobsters, crabs, barnacles, isopods
Subphylum Uniramia : 3 classes: Insecta, Diplopoda, Chilopoda
Class Insecta: grasshoppers, ants, butterflies, bees
 __________ antennae
 ___ pairs of legs
 ___ body regions - head, thorax & abdomen
Class Diplopoda : Millipedes
 _______________animals
 Have __ pairs of legs per segment
 Primarily ___________________ &
_______________________
Class Chiopoda: Centipedes
 Usually _____________________
___________________
 Have __ pair of antennae
 Are often________________________, using
modified front claws to immobilize prey
Anatomy of an Ant
Notes: Kingdom Animalia





Characteristics of Animals

Domain Eukarya
Kingdom Animalia
Multicellular
Heterotrophs (consumers)
Lack cell walls



Have nervous systems - respond to
environment - homeostasis
Locomotion = ability to obtain food
Most develop from a zygote
Single layer of cells surround fluid-filled space
forming a hollow ball of cells called a gastrula.
Body Plans : Symmetry



Animals that are irregular in shape are asymmetrical.
Animals that are regular in shape are symmetrical. Animal has radial symmetry if it can be divided along any
plane, through a central axis, into equal halves.
Animal has bilateral symmetry if it can be divided down its length into similar right and left halves forming
mirror images of each other.
Invertebrates
8 main phyla
1: Phylum Porifera: Sponges
 simplest form of animal life
 live in water
 Do not move around
No backbones
95% of all animals are on this group



no symmetry
Pores (holes) all over body
Filter Feeders
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2: Phylum Cnidaria: Jellyfish, Hydra, sea anemones, and corals


2 different shapes: Medusa - like a jellyfish, Polyp - like a hydra
Live in water
 catch food with stinging cells
Most have tentacles
 gut for digesting
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3: Phylum Platyhelminthes: Flatworms - Planarians, Tapeworms


Flat, ribbon-like body
Live in water or are parasites


Bilateral symmetry
Some parasites - tapeworm
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4: Phylum Nematoda: Roundworms, hookworm, trichilella



Round, tubular body
small or microscopic
bilateral symmetry


have both a mouth and anus
Live in water or are parasites
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5: Phylum Mollusca Mollusks: snails, squid, clams



Soft bodies
Hard Shells
Live on land or in water


have a circulatory system and a complex
nervous system.
Important food source for humans
Class Gastropoda: stomach-footed - move on stomach, may have 1 shell snails slugs
Class Cephalopods :“head foot” , internal mantel, squids and octopuses
Class Bivalvia: Two shells hinged together - clams, oysters, scallops and mussels
6: Phylum Annelida - Segmented worms: Earthworms, Bristleworms, Leeches
*Body divided into segments(sections) *Live in water or underground *have nervous and circulatory system
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Earthworms: eat soil and breakdown organic matter, wastes provide nutrients to soil
Leeches: parasites that feed on blood of other animals
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
7. Phylum Echinodermata “Spiney Skin” seastar, sea urchin, sand dollar and sea cucumber


Hard, spiny skin
Live in salt water


Radial symmetry
endoskeleton
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
8. Phylum Arthropoda Most successful and largest group of organisms on earth (3 sub-phylums)
 Body divided into sections/segments
 Jointed legs
 Exoskeleton
 well developed nervous system
Classified into classes according to the number of legs, eyes and antennae they have.
Subphylum Chilicerata : divided into 3 classes: Arachnida, Merostomata, Pycnogonida
Class Arachnida: spiders, scorpions, mites & ticks
 no antennae
 4 pairs of legs
 2 body regions - cephalothorax & abdomen
Class Merostomata: Horseshoe crabs



Ancient group of species
Changed little over 350 million years
Aquatic, mostly found on Atlantic & gulf coasts of United States.
Class Pycnogonida: Sea spider
Subphylum Crustacea :




Aquatic ones have gills
2 antennae
2 body regions or segmented
Shrimp, lobsters, crabs, barnacles, isopods
Subphylum Uniramia : 3 classes: Insecta, Diplopoda, Chilopoda
Class Insecta: grasshoppers, ants, butterflies, bees
 paired antennae
 3 pairs of legs
 2 body regions - head, thorax & abdomen
Class Diplopoda : Millipedes
 segmented animals
 Have 2 pairs of legs per segment
 Primarily herbivores & decomposers
Class Chiopoda: Centipedes
 Usually terrestrial
carnivores
 Have 1 pair of antennae
 Are often poisonous, using
modified front claws to
immobilize prey