Download PHOTOSYNTHESIS student lecture

PHUN WITH PHOTOSYNTHESIS
CH. 8 STUDENT Lecture
Troph= _____________
Auto= _____________
All living things need energy. For heterotrophs, (animals, fungus, bacteria) they must consume food
to get energy. For autotrophs, (plants), they receive this energy from the sun. All _____________
ultimately get their energy from_____________
.
Chemical energy ATP pg. 202
There are several types pf energy. List some:
Breaking molecules bonds release chemical energy
ATP- adenosine tri-phosphate
ADP- adenosine di-phosphate
When a cell gets energy from food it adds one other phosphate to ADP, which becomes ATP. Later
the cell may _____________the phosphate to release the energy to grow, move divide, and contract.
One ATP molecule can move 3 Na+ into and 2 K+ ions out if a cell, via a channel protein
Most cells have only small amounts of ATP, enough or a few_____________
, stored. This is not much energy.
Photosynthesis 8.2
Question: if matter cannot be gained or lost, just transferred, how does a seed end up massing
several tons of a tree? It doesn’t “eat” and water doesn’t mass that much.
5 year experiment: Van Helmont thought dirt is what caused the tree to grow.
1. Plant seed
2. Mass soil
3. Water weekly- for 5 years
4. Mass plant
5. Mass dirt
Result: Dirt was _________ mass, plant mass increased to 25 kg.
Priestley’s Candle light plant experiment. Infenhousz Light Candle Experiment
Pastor Priestley put a candle in a closed jar and watched the candle burn out. He stated that some
substance inside the jar was used up and that is why the candle went out. (We know that
substance was oxygen).
He later added a plant sprig to the jar and the candle burned for _______________. He concluded
the plant added the substance (_____________) that the fire needed to burn.
Ingenhousz light- candle- plant experiment same procedure as Priestley, but put the candle/plant in
the light and dark. Only in the _____________did the candle- plant jar stay lit longer.
Findings:
VanHelmont: Candle needs substance to burn
Priestley: Plants provide that substance
Ingenhousz: Only plants in the sun provide that substance
Put together: plants use CO2 (from burning candle) and ________ to create substance (oxygen) for
the candle to burn.
Photosynthesis equation:
6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2
The pigment chlorophyll found in the chloroplast, _____________ all the wavelengths of light except
_______________. It reflects green. It doesn’t need the 525 to 575 nm of wavelength energy. (207)
There are two types of chlorophyll: A and B. Chlorophyll a is stimulated by red and violet
wavelengths, where b is stimulated by blues and red- oranges. Each color wavelength has a slightly
different level of_____________.
Many plants have varying colors as fall approaches. This is due to the break down of chlorophyll.
Photosynthetic stages: Light Dependent and light Independent
Sunlight or full spectrum grow light bulbs, are needed for the light dependent stage of photosynthesis
light dependant reactions take place in the thylakoids (208) stacks
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Water enters the _____________
Enzymes break the water molecule
oxygen and gas from the water leaves the chloroplast and the 2H atoms are kept
the single electron from each hydrogen is reacting with the ___________ energy
the electron is stripped off and transported to the stroma ( liquid in the Chloroplast) by
attaching to an NADPH molecule
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
NADP+ holds high energy electrons. Now the molecule is NADPH.
Review
1. What is needed for the light dependent reaction?
2. What is need for the light independent Calvin cycle?
Photosystem II in thylakoids (discovered after P.S. I, even though it comes before I)
1.
2.
3.
4.
Absorbs energy from light
Electron stripped from hydrogen absorbs this energy
Electrons move along cell membrane of the thylakoids- called electrons transport chain
The H+ ions (now stripped from the electron) travel through a channel protein, and reacts with
an enzyme ATP synthase. ATP is produced.
5. As electrons travel along the ETC, they travel through to a different transport protein to bind
with the NADP+ molecule. This is Photosystem I.
Review
1. Where do light dependant reactions occur?
2. Where is water broken down?
3. How is ATP produced?
4. How NADPH produced?
ATP and NADH can only store energy for a few minutes. The Calvin cycle produces sugar (glucose)
which stores energy.
CALVIN CYCLE
1. 6CO2 molecules enter stroma and are attached to 6- 5carbon molecules. ATP is needed to
make this reaction happen. 6CO2 + 6C5+ energy  12C3 molecules
2. 2 of the 3 carbon molecules combine to form a sugar (C6 molecule). The other 10 C3
molecules are converted back to 6C5 molecules to restart the cycle. This releases energy.
Three Factors affecting Photosynthesis
1. Lack of ______________affects photosynthesis
2. __________________ affects photosynthesis
3. _______________________ intensity affects photosynthesis
The Calvin Cycle
Glucose
C6H12O6