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Chapter 7 Regions of the United States Section 1 The Northeast In this Section Physical Characteristics of the NE Natural Resources of the NE Leader in Industry Characteristics of the NE 9 states make up the Northeast aka New England Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey, New Hampshire, Vermont, Connecticut, Rhode Island, Maine, Massachusetts This region is known for its beautiful landscape. Has a unique combination of soil, precipitation, and forests. Big cities dot the Northeast. Natural Resources Northeast has few natural resources Rocky soil and steep hills make farming very difficult. Coal is very rich in Pennsylvania Waters of New England allow for numerous amounts of trade and commercialized fishing. A Leader of Industry The rivers of New England have allowed for numerous factories. Shoes, cotton cloth, and other goods are made here and shipped worldwide. Cities grew quickly due to coastal regions. Job opportunities also contributed. 1840, 80,000 Europeans had migrated to the US. By 1960, from Washington DC to Boston became known as a megalopolis. 1/7th of US population lives in this area. Region Northeast South Midwest West Physical Characteristics • Thin, rocky soil • Steep hills Natural Resources Economic Activities • Swift Rivers • Manufacturing • Excellent harbors QUESTION FOR YOU!!! Discuss what some of the negative impacts could be of the growing megalopolis. Chapter 7 Section 2 The South In this Section Linking Climate to Vegetation Linking Climate, History and Agriculture Linking Resources to Industry A Changing Region General Facts The South consists of 16 states: TX, OK, AR, LA, MS, TN, AL, FL, KY, GA, NC, SC, VA, MD, DE, WV South seceded from the Union and created the Confederacy in 1861. Linking Climate to Vegetation The South’s location being closer to the Equator makes it warmer than most parts of the US. The South gets ample amounts of rainfall due to the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea. Forests are thick with pine and oak trees. Mangroves grow in tropical regions of the South (swamp area) Farther west you move in the South to Texas and Oklahoma, the less rainfall you receive. Linking Climate, History, and Agriculture Fertile soil has led to a major variety of plant and animal life in the South Native Americans thrived off of the land by growing maize, melons, squash, beans, tobacco and other crops. Europeans moved to the South to get rich off of the land and built large plantations for cotton. Linking Resources to Industry Textile Mills were built in the 1840s in the Carolinas due to the many waterfalls and streams. Texas hits oil in 1901. Texas also big producer of rubber and petrochemical products. Mississippi a big producer of poultry and lumber. A Changing Region Space industry becomes popular in Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, and Texas. Population numbers rise due to different climate. Many people began moving to Florida and along the Gulf Coast to retire. Many different nationalities live in The South. Region Physical Characteristics Economic Activities Natural Resources Northeast • Thin, rocky soil • Steep hills • Swift Rivers • Manufacturing • Excellent harbors South • Mild climate • Ample Rainfall • Rich Soil • Oil Reserves Midwest West • Farming • Petrochemicals Question for You!!! How has the geography and history of the South helped to create a diverse population that continues to grow? Explain how agriculture in the South is different from that of the North. Chapter 7 Section 3 The Midwest In this Section An Agricultural Economy Changing Face of American Farms Linking Industries to Resources General Facts The Midwest is made up of 12 states. ND, SD, NE, KS, MN, IA, MO, WI, MI, IL, IN, OH Home to the Great Lakes, Mount Rushmore, Ozark Mountains, and the Great Plains! An Agricultural Economy Midwest has very fertile soil. Theory has that melting glaciers deposited the soil. Midwest climate promotes agriculture despite very cold winters and long, hot summers. Less than 20 inches of rain yearly. Wheat, corn, soybeans, hay, hogs, dairy cattle are big crops in the Midwest. Changing Face of American Farms Farms that were once small have become large in acreage Large tractors and combines introduced to make farming easier. Grain elevators were introduced to store the copious amounts of grain. The Merchant Exchange in Chicago is the world’s busiest market for livestock and other farm products. Linking Industries and Transportation to Resources Minnesota leads the region in iron production Illinois and Indiana are coal producing states. Automobile industry is concentrated in Michigan. Rivers and interstate highways crisscross the region. Region Physical Characteristics Natural Resources Economic Activities Northeast • Thin, rocky soil • Steep hills • Swift Rivers • Manufacturing • Excellent harbors South • Mild climate • Ample Rainfall • Rich Soil • Oil Reserves • Farming • Petrochemicals Midwest • Flat Terrain • Variations in Climate • Iron Ore • Coal • Farming • Manufacturing West Question for You!!! How have natural resources had an impact on the economy of the Midwest? Discuss the auto industry's livelihood in the Midwest over the past 30 years. Chapter 7 Section 4: The West In this Section: Available water Natural Resources and the Economy Growth of Western Cities Conquering Western Distances General Facts 13 states make up the West. AK, HI, WA, OR, CA, ID, NV, UT, AZ, NM, CO, WY, MT Rocky Mountain range, Yellowstone National Park, and The Grand Canyon are just a few of the many wonders in the West. Available Water Water is very, very limited in the West (Costal Regions). San Diego, CA only receives 9 inches of rain per year. Vegetation in the desert like places is very short grasses, shrubs, cactus, and sagebrush. Other parts of the west receive adequate rainfall with lush pine forests. Hawaii is tropical in climate while Alaska is tundra. Natural Resources and the Economy Gold, silver, uranium, and other minerals are located beneath the Rocky Mountains. People were drawn to the region due to the numerous rumors of gold strikes. Natural oil and gas deposits located in Prudhoe Bay, Alaska. Fish is a huge resource for Alaska, Hawaii, Washington, and Oregon. Coffee is a big resource for the state of Hawaii. Growth of Western Cities Completion of the first transcontinental railroad in 1869 helped in the process of growing western cities. In 1880, the Midwest to Los Angeles railway lowered ticket prices to $1. Los Angeles, USA second biggest city, began as a cattle town. In 1920, the city attracted new residents with the development of civil aircraft industry and motion picture industry. Droughts often hit southern California, but that doesn’t stop people from moving there. Conquering Western Distances Alaska is the largest state but has the least population. Very few roads exist in Alaska. Juneau, the state capital, can only be reached by boat or airplane. Hawaii is made up of 8 main islands that are located more than 2000 miles from the US mainland. Developed for a fueling station by the US due to trade with Japan and China. Region Physical Characteristics Natural Resources Economic Activities Northeast • Thin, rocky soil • Steep hills • Swift Rivers • Excellent harbors • Manufacturing South • Mild climate • Ample Rainfall • Rich Soil • Oil Reserves • Farming • Petrochemicals Midwest • Flat Terrain • Variations in Climate • Iron Ore • Coal • Farming • Manufacturing West • Semiarid • Jagged peaks • Minerals • Natural Gas and Oil • Mining • Fishing, Forestry Question for You!!! What might the continued consequences of continued growth in Western states like California be?
