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The Peloponnesian War 431 – 404 B.C. Exam Questions to Prepare No. 1 Pericles - Funeral Oration - Speech to Assembly in 430 B.C. - Leader of Athens (Risks & Strategies) - Choice to go to War (His persuasion) - Effect of his death on Athens No. 2. Sicilian Expedition - Egesteans Request & Assembly’s response Nicias’ caution Alcibiades’ ambition Mutiliation of Hermae Enormity of Athenian fleet & army Lack of allies in southern Italy Alcibiades, Nicias & Lamachus differing strategies Recall of Alcibiades Initial victories & Nicias’ hubris Arrival of Gylippus & Corinthians Demosthenes & Eurymedon arrive Final destruction of Athenian fleet Battle of Epipolae No. 3. The Great Plague & Thucydides’ Writing - Physical, social, moral and political effects of plague Pericles’ strategic flaw Thucydides’ demonstrative emotion Conspiratorial atmosphere in Athens Statistical effects Effects on Athenian war strategy? No. 4. Battle of Amphipolis & Peace of Nicias - Cleon as a strategic leader? Brasidas’ counter-strategic surprise attack Cleon’s over-ambition? Death of Cleon & Brasidas – effect on belligerents’ desire for peace? Terms of the Peace of Nicias: Strengths & Weaknesses Resons for failure No. 5 Oligarchic Coup 411 B.C. - Unrest & alarm in Athens, 413 – 411 B.C. The upper class contempt for democracy Alcibiades role in stirring revolution Role of the 400 Leadership of 400 in war Failures of the 400 Rule of the 5,000 No. 6. Persian Involvement in the Peloponnesian War - King Darius & Sparta Negotiate: Why? Persian fleet & money Political bargaining over Athens’ confederates Inspiring revolt in Asia Minor No. 7. Fortification of Pylos & Battle of Sphacteria No. 8. Defeat of Athens & Terms of Truce 411- 404 B.C. - Causes of Athens’ final defeat (list)
