Download 经济学 - 上海交通大学成人教育学院

上海交通大学成人高等教育学位课程考试大纲
课程名称：经济学
专业名称: 国际商务（双语）
课程总要求：
学生完成本课程后能够清楚了解经济学的基础知识、基本概念和理
论，能够运用所学的知识对经济生活和政策进行判断，并为其他专业
课程的学习打下良好的基础。
考核知识点：

Distinguish between quantity demanded/supplied and demand/supply, and
explain what determines demand/supply

Explain how demand and supply determine price and quantity in a market and
explain the effects of changes in demand and supply

Define, explain the factors that influence, and calculate the price elasticity of
demand.

Define, explain the factors that influence, and calculate the price elasticity of
supply.

Calculate and graph a budget line that shows the limits to a person’s
consumption possibilities.

Explain the marginal utility theory and use it to derive a consumer’s demand
curve.

Use marginal utility theory to explain the paradox of value: why water is vital
but cheap while diamonds are relatively useless but expensive.

Calculate and graph a budget line that shows the limits to a person’s
consumption possibilities.
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
Explain the marginal utility theory and use it to derive a consumer’s demand
curve.

Use marginal utility theory to explain the paradox of value: why water is vital
but cheap while diamonds are relatively useless but expensive.

Explain how economists measure a firm’s cost of production and profit.

Explain the relationship between a firm’s output and costs in the short run.

Derive and explain a firm’s long-run average cost curve.

Explain a perfectly competitive firm’s profit-maximizing choices and derive
its supply curve.

Explain how output, price, and profit are determined in the short run.
 Explain how output, price, and profit are determined in the long run.

Explain how monopoly arises and distinguish between single-price monopoly
and price-discriminating monopoly.

Explain how a single-price monopoly determines its output and price .

Compare the performance of a single-price monopoly with that of perfect
competition.

Describe and identify monopolistic competition.

Explain how a firm in monopolistic competition determines its output and
price in the short run and the long run.

Describe and identify oligopoly and explain how it arises.

Explain the range of possible price and quantity outcomes and describe the
dilemma faced by firms in oligopoly.

Use game theory to explain how price and output are determined in oligopoly.

Define GDP and GDP deflator

Distinguish between nominal GDP and real GDP

Define the unemployment rate and other labor market indicator

Describe the sources and types of unemployment, full employment and
explain the link between unemployment and real GDP

Define CPI and explain the limitation of CPI as a measure of the cost of living
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
Define and explain the relationships among capital, investment, wealth, and
saving.

Explain how investment and saving decisions are made and how these
decisions interact in financial markets to determine the real interest rate.

Explain how government influences the real interest rate, investment, and
saving.

Define money and describe its functions.

Describe the monetary system and explain the functions of banks and other
monetary institutions.

Describe the functions of the Federal Reserve System.

Explain how banks create money by making loans.

Explain how the Fed controls the quantity of money.

Distinguish between autonomous expenditure and induced expenditure and
explain how real GDP influences expenditure plans.

Explain how real GDP adjusts to achieve equilibrium expenditure.

Describe and explain the expenditure multiplier.

Derive the AD curve from equilibrium expenditure.

Describe the federal budget process and explain the effects of fiscal policy.

Describe the federal budget process and explain the effects of fiscal policy.

Describe the short-run policy tradeoff between inflation and unemployment.

Distinguish between the short-run and long-run Phillips curves and describe
the shifting tradeoff between inflation and unemployment.

Explain how the Fed can influence the expected inflation rate and how
expected inflation influences the short-run tradeoff.

Discuss whether fiscal policy or monetary policy is the better stabilization
tool.
学习教材与主要参考书：
1. Foundations of Microeconomics (Second Edition)
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Robin Bade, Michael Parkin 中国人民大学出版社
2. Foundations of Macroeconomics (Second Edition)
Robin Bade, Michael Parkin 中国人民大学出版社
考试形式及试卷结构：
1、试卷总分：100 分
2、考试时间：120 分钟
3、考试方式：闭卷，笔试
4、参考题型及比例：
选择题
共 30 题
简答题
共5题
每题 2 分
每题 8 分
约 60%
约 40%
题型举例：
Multiple Choice:
Suppose you have a graph of a linear relationship between price and quantity of ice
cream purchased, which shows that as the price increases, the quantity of ice cream
purchased decreases. All else the same, if people’s income increases and people
thereby purchase more ice cream for any given price, then this change
A. has no effect on the linear relationship between the price and the quantity of
ice cream purchased.
B. will shift the line showing the linear relationship rightward.
C. will shift the line showing the linear relationship leftward.
D. will make the slope of the line change and become non-linear.
Essay Question:
What is scarcity and why do economists say that all societies face scarcity?
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