Download Articulations Another word for articulations is . Define the structural

Articulations
1. Another word for articulations is _______________.
2. Define the structural classification of joints:
a. Fibrous joints
b. Cartilaginous joints
c. Synovial joints
3. Define the following functional classes of joints (give some examples of each):
a. Synarthosis
b. Amphiarthrosis
c. Diathrosis
4. Describe these types of synarthrotic joints:
a. Suture
b. Gomphosis
c. Synchondrosis
5. Describe the two types of amphiarthroses
a. Syndesmosis
b. Symphysis
6. Define the following components of a synovial joint:
a. Ligaments
b. Synovial cavity
c. Articular capsule
d. Synovial fluid
e. Meniscus
f.
Tendons
g. Bursae
7. Define and/or Compare the types of Motion at Synovial Joints?
a. Linear Motion AKA gliding
b. Angular motion
i. Flexion
ii. Extension
iii. Lateral Flexion
iv. Hyperextension
v. Abduction
vi. Adduction
vii. Circumduction
c. Rotation
i. Medial
ii. Lateral
iii.
Pronation
iv. Supination
d. Special Movements
i. Inversion
ii. Eversion
iii. Dorsiflexion
iv. Plantar flexion
v. Opposition
vi. Protraction
vii. Retraction
viii. Elevation
ix. Depression
x. Lateral Flexion
8. What type of motions do the following joints types do?
a. Gliding Joints
b. Hinge Joints
c. Pivot Joints
d. Condylar Joints
e. Saddle Joints
f.
Ball-and-Socket Joints
9. What specific joint type are these various synovial joints
a. Shoulder Joint
b. Elbow Joint
c. Hip Joint
d. Knee Joint
10. What is Range of Motion?
11. What is the purpose of goniometer?
12. Define the following :
a. Osteoarthritis
b. Rheumatoid Arthritis
c. Dislocation
d. Subluxation
e. Sprains
f.
Bursitis
g. Herniated disc
h. Arthroplasty
Muscles
1. What are the functions of muscular tissue?
2. Define the following connective tissue components:
a. Fascia
b. Epimysium
c. Perimysium
d. Endomysium
e. Tendon
f.
Aponeurosis
3. Define the following cell components:
a. Sarcolemma
b. Transverse (T) tubules
c. Sarcoplasm
d. Myofibrils
e. Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)
f.
Sarcomeres
g. Filaments
i.
Myosin
ii.
Actin
4. What is the sliding filament mechanism?
5. What is the neuromuscular Junction?
6. Define the following:
a. Synapse
b. Synaptic cleft
c. Neurotransmitter
d. Synaptic vesicles
e. ACh
f.
Motor end plate
7. Describe how nerve impulses elicit a muscle action potential.
8. What are the 4 steps of the contraction cycle?
9. What is muscle fatigue? Describe what happens
10. What is oxygen debt?
11. What are motor Units?
12. Describe these types of muscle fibers .
a. Slow oxidative fibers (Type I)
b. Fast oxidative-glycolytic fibers (Type IIA)
c. Fast glycolytic fibers (Type IIB)
13. What are the differences between Isotonic and Isometric contractions?
14. Define these muscle disorders:
a. Cramps
b. Fibrosis
c. Muscular dystrophy
d. Strains
e. Hypertrophy
f.
Atrophy
g. Contractures
h. Fibromyalgia
i.
Botulism
j.
Myasthenia gravis
k. Poliomyelitis
l.
Spasms
m. Tetanus