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Name:_______________________________________ Date:________________________________________ Focus Questions for Chapter 2: the Ancient Near East Mesopotamia and Sumer 2.1 1. How did geography promote civilization in Mesopotamia? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 2. What features defined the civilization of Sumer? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 3. What were Sumer’s main cultural achievements? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Fertile Crescent Empires 2.2 4. What military advantages helped the Hittites establish an empire in Asia Minor? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 5. What were the main achievements of the Phoenicians? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ The Hebrews and Judaism 2.3 6. What were the major events in the history of early Hebrews? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 7. How did the kingdom of Israel develop and who were some of its key leaders? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ OVER--- 8. What were the basic teachings and sacred texts of Judaism? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ The Persian Empire 2.4 9. Who shaped the growth and organization of the Persian Empire? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 10. What were the main teachings of Zoroastrianism? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 11. What were the most significant Persian achievements? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________