Abiotic formation of O2 and O3 in high
... coronagraph) will be sensitive to the 0.76-µm band of O2 , while TPF-I and Darwin (both thermalIR interferometers) will be sensitive to the 9.6-µm band of O3 . Both of these gases are considered to be possible biomarker compounds (Owen 1980; Angel 1986; Leger et al. 1993). The question as to whether ...
... coronagraph) will be sensitive to the 0.76-µm band of O2 , while TPF-I and Darwin (both thermalIR interferometers) will be sensitive to the 9.6-µm band of O3 . Both of these gases are considered to be possible biomarker compounds (Owen 1980; Angel 1986; Leger et al. 1993). The question as to whether ...
Uranus - Stockton University
... • Stratosphere on Uranus is less than 75K until ~ 1mbar, but more recent IR observations have shown a warming in the stratosphere. • Methane, ethane, acetylene act as coolants in stratosphere, similar mesospheric temperature (150K) ...
... • Stratosphere on Uranus is less than 75K until ~ 1mbar, but more recent IR observations have shown a warming in the stratosphere. • Methane, ethane, acetylene act as coolants in stratosphere, similar mesospheric temperature (150K) ...
Abiotic formation of O $\ mathsf {_2} $ and O $\ mathsf {_3} $ in high
... would inhibit the loss of oxygen by reaction with reduced minerals, whereas the lack of outgassing would eliminate reaction with reduced volcanic gases (primarily H2 ) as an oxygen sink. The martian atmosphere contains 0.1% O2 and would likely have even more if the planet were slightly larger so tha ...
... would inhibit the loss of oxygen by reaction with reduced minerals, whereas the lack of outgassing would eliminate reaction with reduced volcanic gases (primarily H2 ) as an oxygen sink. The martian atmosphere contains 0.1% O2 and would likely have even more if the planet were slightly larger so tha ...
document
... received organic matter from the land and the atmosphere, as well as from infalling meteorites and comets. Here, substances such as water, carbon dioxide, methane, and hydrogen cyanide formed key molecules such as sugars, amino acids, and nucleotides. Such molecules are the building blocks of protei ...
... received organic matter from the land and the atmosphere, as well as from infalling meteorites and comets. Here, substances such as water, carbon dioxide, methane, and hydrogen cyanide formed key molecules such as sugars, amino acids, and nucleotides. Such molecules are the building blocks of protei ...
Atmospheric biomarkers on terrestrial exoplanets Abstract Introduction
... Though some of these planets orbit in the ’habitable zone’ of their parent star, living species are not expected on such giant planets. If it were the case, the life forms would be so different from what we know that their remote identification would be extremely unlikely. It should however been not ...
... Though some of these planets orbit in the ’habitable zone’ of their parent star, living species are not expected on such giant planets. If it were the case, the life forms would be so different from what we know that their remote identification would be extremely unlikely. It should however been not ...
Habitability: Good, Bad and the Ugly
... Atmospheric loss processes Greenhouse effect and gases in the atmosphere Source of energy (internal/external) Presence of water Presence of carbon biomolecules Biota ...
... Atmospheric loss processes Greenhouse effect and gases in the atmosphere Source of energy (internal/external) Presence of water Presence of carbon biomolecules Biota ...
The escape of planetary atmospheres
... influence, based on measurements of ultraviolet light. Carbon and oxygen were subsequently discovered in the inflated atmosphere, serving as a ‘smoking gun’ for hydrodynamic escape because atoms this heavy would need to have been dragged along by hydrogen. Fast hydrodynamic loss may explain why “hot ...
... influence, based on measurements of ultraviolet light. Carbon and oxygen were subsequently discovered in the inflated atmosphere, serving as a ‘smoking gun’ for hydrodynamic escape because atoms this heavy would need to have been dragged along by hydrogen. Fast hydrodynamic loss may explain why “hot ...
Habitability: Good, Bad and the Ugly
... Concept of a Habitability Zone • Definition of habitability zone (HZ) “Region of our solar system in which temperature allows liquid water to exist (past, present and future)” ...
... Concept of a Habitability Zone • Definition of habitability zone (HZ) “Region of our solar system in which temperature allows liquid water to exist (past, present and future)” ...
Habitability: Good, Bad and the Ugly
... Biological macromolecules (e.g., sugars, nucleotides) Atmosphere and magnetosphere ...
... Biological macromolecules (e.g., sugars, nucleotides) Atmosphere and magnetosphere ...
Habitability
... • 20) Venus is not in the habitable zone now, but it may have been in the past. • 21) Venus is not in the habitable zone now, but in a few billion years from now it will be. • 22) If we could somehow start plate tectonics on Venus, its surface would cool and it would regain the oceans it had in the ...
... • 20) Venus is not in the habitable zone now, but it may have been in the past. • 21) Venus is not in the habitable zone now, but in a few billion years from now it will be. • 22) If we could somehow start plate tectonics on Venus, its surface would cool and it would regain the oceans it had in the ...
Habitability
... • 20) Venus is not in the habitable zone now, but it may have been in the past. • 21) Venus is not in the habitable zone now, but in a few billion years from now it will be. • 22) If we could somehow start plate tectonics on Venus, its surface would cool and it would regain the oceans it had in the ...
... • 20) Venus is not in the habitable zone now, but it may have been in the past. • 21) Venus is not in the habitable zone now, but in a few billion years from now it will be. • 22) If we could somehow start plate tectonics on Venus, its surface would cool and it would regain the oceans it had in the ...
Earth`s Earliest Atmosphere
... variable, mobilized from oceans and ice sheets as needed.) Methane would be a candidate if there were reducing agents or catalysts to generate it from CO2 and H2O. On Earth today methane is mostly of biological origin. Methane is a good candidate for keeping Earth warm once it teemed with life, but ...
... variable, mobilized from oceans and ice sheets as needed.) Methane would be a candidate if there were reducing agents or catalysts to generate it from CO2 and H2O. On Earth today methane is mostly of biological origin. Methane is a good candidate for keeping Earth warm once it teemed with life, but ...
Earth`s Earliest Atmosphere
... variable, mobilized from oceans and ice sheets as needed.) Methane would be a candidate if there were reducing agents or catalysts to generate it from CO2 and H2O. On Earth today methane is mostly of biological origin. Methane is a good candidate for keeping Earth warm once it teemed with life, but ...
... variable, mobilized from oceans and ice sheets as needed.) Methane would be a candidate if there were reducing agents or catalysts to generate it from CO2 and H2O. On Earth today methane is mostly of biological origin. Methane is a good candidate for keeping Earth warm once it teemed with life, but ...
Homework #3, AST 203, Spring 2010
... OK, we’re almost done. In our case, we know θ, 7.500 , and we know l, about 6 × 105 km. We want to solve for d; we get: d = l/θ. But we are given θ in arcseconds; we need it in radians for this formula to work. There are 2 π radians in a full circle (remember, it is arclength divided by radius; for ...
... OK, we’re almost done. In our case, we know θ, 7.500 , and we know l, about 6 × 105 km. We want to solve for d; we get: d = l/θ. But we are given θ in arcseconds; we need it in radians for this formula to work. There are 2 π radians in a full circle (remember, it is arclength divided by radius; for ...
11venus4s
... including sulfuric acid (H2SO4) Sulfuric acid has vapor point such that it boils on the surface but condenses in the atmosphere to form clouds ...
... including sulfuric acid (H2SO4) Sulfuric acid has vapor point such that it boils on the surface but condenses in the atmosphere to form clouds ...
Venus - University of Chicago Math
... • Analyser of Space Plasma and Energetic Atoms • Planetary Fourier Spectrometer • V/UV/NIR mapping spectrometer • Venus Radio Science Experiment • UV and IR Atmospheric Spectrometer ...
... • Analyser of Space Plasma and Energetic Atoms • Planetary Fourier Spectrometer • V/UV/NIR mapping spectrometer • Venus Radio Science Experiment • UV and IR Atmospheric Spectrometer ...
Chandra Sees the Atmosphere of a Neutron Star - Chandra X
... star is only 14 miles (23 kilometers) in diameter, and is as dense as an atomic nucleus (100 trillion gm/cc). The atmosphere is only about four inches (10 cm) thick, has a density similar to diamond (3.5 gm/cc), and a temperature of nearly 2 million Kelvin. The surface gravity on the neutron star is ...
... star is only 14 miles (23 kilometers) in diameter, and is as dense as an atomic nucleus (100 trillion gm/cc). The atmosphere is only about four inches (10 cm) thick, has a density similar to diamond (3.5 gm/cc), and a temperature of nearly 2 million Kelvin. The surface gravity on the neutron star is ...
5 Habitable zones and Planetary atmospheres
... jovian type. The jovian planets are orbited by tens of satellites. Some of these have sizes that would easily classify them as planets were they to orbit the Sun directly. Pluto is now classified as a minor body. Substantial atmospheres are found on all major planets except Mercury, and on Titan, Sa ...
... jovian type. The jovian planets are orbited by tens of satellites. Some of these have sizes that would easily classify them as planets were they to orbit the Sun directly. Pluto is now classified as a minor body. Substantial atmospheres are found on all major planets except Mercury, and on Titan, Sa ...
1 Marsbugs: The Electronic Astrobiology Newsletter, Volume 12
... pressure ice phases. Yet the environment where Ganymede and Callisto formed was simply too warm for substantial amounts of ammonia to bond with the water ice. You need a certain temperature to get ammonia hydrates forming in these planetisimals, and I think it was just too warm at Jupiter. If ammoni ...
... pressure ice phases. Yet the environment where Ganymede and Callisto formed was simply too warm for substantial amounts of ammonia to bond with the water ice. You need a certain temperature to get ammonia hydrates forming in these planetisimals, and I think it was just too warm at Jupiter. If ammoni ...
p - INAF-OAT Trieste Users site
... subglacial lakes are motivated by the similarity with Europe’s conditions; the scientific results that might be found in Antarctica and the technological development required to carry out this type of research are all relevant for Europes’ astrobiological studies ...
... subglacial lakes are motivated by the similarity with Europe’s conditions; the scientific results that might be found in Antarctica and the technological development required to carry out this type of research are all relevant for Europes’ astrobiological studies ...
Search for Life in the Universe – What can we Learn from our own
... was achieved. Hence sea ice occurring abundantly at the polar ice caps could provide optimal conditions for the early replication of nucleic acids and the RNA world, a suggested precursor of the first cellular system. Saturn’s moon Titan has been considered as a natural laboratory for studying the f ...
... was achieved. Hence sea ice occurring abundantly at the polar ice caps could provide optimal conditions for the early replication of nucleic acids and the RNA world, a suggested precursor of the first cellular system. Saturn’s moon Titan has been considered as a natural laboratory for studying the f ...
How the Oceans Formed
... Somewhere out there, orbiting a mere 93 million miles from the Sun – really just a blink in astronomical distance – was a molten, rocky mass of hot magma. According to scientists, this molten, rocky mass, like everything else in the universe, formed from matter left over from the Big Bang. It may no ...
... Somewhere out there, orbiting a mere 93 million miles from the Sun – really just a blink in astronomical distance – was a molten, rocky mass of hot magma. According to scientists, this molten, rocky mass, like everything else in the universe, formed from matter left over from the Big Bang. It may no ...
October 2014 - Hermanus Astronomy
... icy crust. They found that at the bottom of the original reservoir, which contains methane from rainfall, a second reservoir would slowly form. This secondary reservoir would be composed of clathrates. These are compounds in which water forms a crystal structure with small cages that trap other subs ...
... icy crust. They found that at the bottom of the original reservoir, which contains methane from rainfall, a second reservoir would slowly form. This secondary reservoir would be composed of clathrates. These are compounds in which water forms a crystal structure with small cages that trap other subs ...
Life on Titan
Whether there is life on Titan, the largest moon of Saturn, is at present an open question and a topic of scientific assessment and research. Titan is far colder than Earth, and its surface lacks stable liquid water; factors which have led some scientists to consider life there unlikely. On the other hand, its thick atmosphere is chemically active and rich in carbon compounds. On the surface there are bodies of liquid methane and ethane; some scientists speculate that these liquids might take the place of water in living cells different from those on Earth.In June 2010, scientists analysing data from the Cassini–Huygens mission reported anomalies in the atmosphere near the surface which could be consistent with the presence of methane-producing organisms, but may alternatively be due to non-living chemical or meteorological processes. The Cassini–Huygens mission was not equipped to look directly for micro-organisms or to provide a thorough inventory of complex organic compounds.A hypothetical cell membrane capable of functioning in liquid methane has been modeled.