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36-217 Probability Theory and Random Processes
36-217 Probability Theory and Random Processes

V -variable fractals: dimension results
V -variable fractals: dimension results

Monte Carlo Tests with Nuisance Parameters: A Nonstandard Asymptotics
Monte Carlo Tests with Nuisance Parameters: A Nonstandard Asymptotics

... the number replications used. For this reason, we call the latter maximized Monte Carlo (MMC) tests. As one would expect for a statistic whose distribution depends on unknown nuisance parameters, the probability of type I error for a MMC test can be lower (but not higher) than the level of the test ...
Exercise Book to "Probability Theory with Simulations"
Exercise Book to "Probability Theory with Simulations"

... 3.1. EXCEL ..................................................................................................................... 8 3.2. The RANDBETWEEN function .............................................................................. 8 3.3. The RAND function ................................... ...
Research Article Estimation of Log-Linear-Binomial
Research Article Estimation of Log-Linear-Binomial

... As a generalization for the binomial distribution, Lovison 7 has derived the distribution of the sum of dependent Bernoulli random variables as an alternative of Altham’s multiplicative-binomial distribution 8 from Cox’s log-linear representation 9 for the joint distribution of n binary-depend ...
Using statistical methods to create a bilingual dictionary
Using statistical methods to create a bilingual dictionary

... A probabilistic bilingual dictionary assigns to each possible translation a probability measure to indicate how likely the translation is. This master's thesis covers a method to compile a probabilistic bilingual dictionary, (or bilingual lexicon), from a parallel corpus (i.e. large documents that a ...
On the Logic and Purpose of Significance Testing
On the Logic and Purpose of Significance Testing

... One of the most critical requirements of corroboration is objectivity. The desire for objective verification can be traced at least as far back as Kant's (1781) Critique of Pure Reason and his references to intersubjectivity, but the modern notions of objectivity and value freedom in the social scie ...
Math Review Large Print (18 point) Edition Chapter 4: Data Analysis
Math Review Large Print (18 point) Edition Chapter 4: Data Analysis

Monte Carlo tests with nuisance parameters:
Monte Carlo tests with nuisance parameters:

... In the two next sections, we discuss simplified (asymptotically justified) approximate versions of the proposed procedures, which involve the use of consistent set or point estimates of model parameters. In Section 5, we suggest a method [the consistent set estimate MMC method (CSEMMC)] which is app ...
Chapter 7 Random Variables
Chapter 7 Random Variables

... If knowing whether any event involving X alone has occurred tells us nothing about the occurrence of any event involving Y alone, and vice versa, then X and Y are independent random variables. Probability models often assume independence when the random variables describe outcomes that appear unrela ...
Affective State Detection - Knowledge Based Systems Group
Affective State Detection - Knowledge Based Systems Group

EpiStats scenes
EpiStats scenes

... It’s a theoretical quantity! What would the distribution of my statistic be if I could repeat my experiment many times (with fixed sample size)? How much chance variation is there? ...
Unit 1 - Henry County Schools
Unit 1 - Henry County Schools

Single locus association analysis (preview chapter)
Single locus association analysis (preview chapter)

... poor) models is that they may be more sensitive to so-called “spurious associations.” Namely, those associations due not to an effect of the gene on a disease outcome but to the effects of other mutual covariates. More complex (parameter rich) models may account for such potentially confounding cova ...
Fast learning rates with heavy-tailed losses
Fast learning rates with heavy-tailed losses

Slides
Slides

... actually pseudo-random numbers. They pass rigorous statistical tests so that we can use them as if they are truly random But they are generated by a program and are anything but random. ...
Introduction to Statistical Hypothesis Testing
Introduction to Statistical Hypothesis Testing

Fundamentals of Probability and Statistics for Reliability Analysis
Fundamentals of Probability and Statistics for Reliability Analysis

Chapter 1.3 PP
Chapter 1.3 PP

Introduction to Probability
Introduction to Probability

Homework Sheet 1 Date
Homework Sheet 1 Date

... There are 10 counters in a box. A counter is chosen and replaced 100 times, the results are 58 blue and 42 red. How many of each colour do you think there are in the box? ...
Cs1538 - University of Pittsburgh
Cs1538 - University of Pittsburgh

... relative expected frequencies of each of the possible values {2, 3, 4, … 12} ? > We could certainly simulate this, "rolling" the dice N times and counting > However, based on the probability of each possible result, we can derive a more exact answer analytically ...
Formalization of Negative Binomial Random Variable
Formalization of Negative Binomial Random Variable

Chapter 2 - Random Variables
Chapter 2 - Random Variables

... EE385 Class Notes F(xb < X  a)  ...
PMF and Examples
PMF and Examples

... Roll a 6-sided fair die once and let random variable Y be the outcome that whether we get a number of greater than 2. ...
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Probability

Probability is the measure of the likeliness that an event will occur. Probability is quantified as a number between 0 and 1 (where 0 indicates impossibility and 1 indicates certainty). The higher the probability of an event, the more certain we are that the event will occur. A simple example is the toss of a fair (unbiased) coin. Since the two outcomes are equally probable, the probability of ""heads"" equals the probability of ""tails"", so the probability is 1/2 (or 50%) chance of either ""heads"" or ""tails"".These concepts have been given an axiomatic mathematical formalization in probability theory (see probability axioms), which is used widely in such areas of study as mathematics, statistics, finance, gambling, science (in particular physics), artificial intelligence/machine learning, computer science, game theory, and philosophy to, for example, draw inferences about the expected frequency of events. Probability theory is also used to describe the underlying mechanics and regularities of complex systems.
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