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Angular Momentum 23.1 Classical Description
... So L+ takes us from fb with eigenvalue −` to ft with eigenvalue ` – it does so in integer steps, since Lz (L+ fb ) = ~ (` + 1) L+ fb , so ` itself must either be an integer, or, potentially, a half-integer. We have described the eigenstates of L2 and Lz , then, in terms of two numbers: ` = 0, 12 , 1 ...
... So L+ takes us from fb with eigenvalue −` to ft with eigenvalue ` – it does so in integer steps, since Lz (L+ fb ) = ~ (` + 1) L+ fb , so ` itself must either be an integer, or, potentially, a half-integer. We have described the eigenstates of L2 and Lz , then, in terms of two numbers: ` = 0, 12 , 1 ...
Geometric constructions for repulsive gravity and
... that the speed of light is completely independent of any frame of reference. The observed constant speed of light was first explained by Lorentz [70]. He suggested that moving bodies contract, and moving clocks measure an amount of time different from that measured by clocks at rest. These effects w ...
... that the speed of light is completely independent of any frame of reference. The observed constant speed of light was first explained by Lorentz [70]. He suggested that moving bodies contract, and moving clocks measure an amount of time different from that measured by clocks at rest. These effects w ...
The Homological Nature of Entropy
... Abstract: We propose that entropy is a universal co-homological class in a theory associated to a family of observable quantities and a family of probability distributions. Three cases are presented: (1) classical probabilities and random variables; (2) quantum probabilities and observable operators ...
... Abstract: We propose that entropy is a universal co-homological class in a theory associated to a family of observable quantities and a family of probability distributions. Three cases are presented: (1) classical probabilities and random variables; (2) quantum probabilities and observable operators ...
1. von Neumann Versus Shannon Entropy
... Of course, this density matrix applies only so long as we have not looked to see what measurement outcome has actually been realised. If we did that we would necessarily find just one of the states, q i , to which we would then assign an entropy of zero. The density matrix (3.2.5.2) does, however, a ...
... Of course, this density matrix applies only so long as we have not looked to see what measurement outcome has actually been realised. If we did that we would necessarily find just one of the states, q i , to which we would then assign an entropy of zero. The density matrix (3.2.5.2) does, however, a ...
Chapter 3: Quantum Computing
... termed classical. In contrast, Quantum Computation (QC) applies quantum mechanics to do computation. A single molecule (or collection of particles and/or atoms) may have a number n of degrees of freedom known as qubits. Associated with each fixed setting X of the n qubits to Boolean values is a basi ...
... termed classical. In contrast, Quantum Computation (QC) applies quantum mechanics to do computation. A single molecule (or collection of particles and/or atoms) may have a number n of degrees of freedom known as qubits. Associated with each fixed setting X of the n qubits to Boolean values is a basi ...
Quantum Information Processing: Algorithms, Technologies and
... A postscript preprint of this paper is available online at http://www.cs.duke.edu/∼ reif/paper/qsurvey/qsurvey.pdf. ...
... A postscript preprint of this paper is available online at http://www.cs.duke.edu/∼ reif/paper/qsurvey/qsurvey.pdf. ...
Fractional quantum Hall effect in optical lattices
... these schemes quantum states with fractional statistics can potentially perform fault-tolerant quantum computation. So far, there has been no direct experimental observation of fractional statistics although some signatures have been observed in electron interferometer experiments 关12,13兴. Strongly ...
... these schemes quantum states with fractional statistics can potentially perform fault-tolerant quantum computation. So far, there has been no direct experimental observation of fractional statistics although some signatures have been observed in electron interferometer experiments 关12,13兴. Strongly ...
Quantum Hall Effects and Related Topics International Symposium
... Electrons moving in a periodic electric potential form Bloch energy bands where the mass of electrons are effectively changed. In a strong magnetic field, the cyclotron orbits of free electrons are quantized and Landau levels forms with a massive degeneracy within. In 1976, Hofstadter showed that for ...
... Electrons moving in a periodic electric potential form Bloch energy bands where the mass of electrons are effectively changed. In a strong magnetic field, the cyclotron orbits of free electrons are quantized and Landau levels forms with a massive degeneracy within. In 1976, Hofstadter showed that for ...
Memory cost of quantum contextuality Linköping University Post Print
... There are, however, further contextuality effects for two qubits, which then require more than two bits for a simulation. Namely, in [29] an extension of the PM square has been introduced, involving 15 different observables in 15 different contexts. The argument goes as follows: consider the 15 obse ...
... There are, however, further contextuality effects for two qubits, which then require more than two bits for a simulation. Namely, in [29] an extension of the PM square has been introduced, involving 15 different observables in 15 different contexts. The argument goes as follows: consider the 15 obse ...
Information theoretic treatment of tripartite systems and quantum
... A significant part of current quantum information research can be understood as an attempt to find answers to the following question: How much of what kind of information about what is located where? In this paper we provide specific answers to these questions in the case of a general tripartite qua ...
... A significant part of current quantum information research can be understood as an attempt to find answers to the following question: How much of what kind of information about what is located where? In this paper we provide specific answers to these questions in the case of a general tripartite qua ...
Circuit Quantum Electrodynamics with Transmon Qubits in
... concerning plagiarism, including those regulations concerning disciplinary actions that may result from plagiarism. ...
... concerning plagiarism, including those regulations concerning disciplinary actions that may result from plagiarism. ...
Single-electron pumping in silicon quantum dots
... In 1909, Robert Millikan and Harvey Fletcher obtained experimental evidence suggesting that there is a smallest possible quantum of charge, which they proposed to be the charge of the electron [2]. Nowadays the absolute magnitude of electron charge is referred to as the elementary charge since it is ...
... In 1909, Robert Millikan and Harvey Fletcher obtained experimental evidence suggesting that there is a smallest possible quantum of charge, which they proposed to be the charge of the electron [2]. Nowadays the absolute magnitude of electron charge is referred to as the elementary charge since it is ...
Reversible Logic Synthesis with Cascades of New Gate Family
... to use correlated photon pair to represent a qutrit. Since year 2000 the works have got momentum. Muthukrishnan and Stroud [32] developed multi-valued logic for multi-level quantum computing systems and showed their realizability in linear ion trap devices. However, this approach produces circuits o ...
... to use correlated photon pair to represent a qutrit. Since year 2000 the works have got momentum. Muthukrishnan and Stroud [32] developed multi-valued logic for multi-level quantum computing systems and showed their realizability in linear ion trap devices. However, this approach produces circuits o ...
as a PDF
... When the reactive end is energised it emits discrete forces in up to three orthogonal directions.2 The quantity and direction of these are characteristic of the type of particule (photon, electron, proton, etc.), and the differences in these signatures is what differentiates the particules from each ...
... When the reactive end is energised it emits discrete forces in up to three orthogonal directions.2 The quantity and direction of these are characteristic of the type of particule (photon, electron, proton, etc.), and the differences in these signatures is what differentiates the particules from each ...
CDM article on quantum chaos - Department of Mathematics
... special interest are the arithmetic quotients when Γ is a discrete arithmetic subgroup. Other model example include Euclidean domains with ergodic billiards such as the Bunimovich stadium. The general question is, how does the dynamics of the geodesic (or billiard) flow make itself felt in the eigen ...
... special interest are the arithmetic quotients when Γ is a discrete arithmetic subgroup. Other model example include Euclidean domains with ergodic billiards such as the Bunimovich stadium. The general question is, how does the dynamics of the geodesic (or billiard) flow make itself felt in the eigen ...
Five Lecture Course on Basic Physics of
... • It is important that at such low temperatures a superconductor can be considered to be a single large quantum particle or molecule which is characterized by a single (BCS) wave function. • A huge amount of electrons is incorporated into a single quantum state. This is not possible for normal elect ...
... • It is important that at such low temperatures a superconductor can be considered to be a single large quantum particle or molecule which is characterized by a single (BCS) wave function. • A huge amount of electrons is incorporated into a single quantum state. This is not possible for normal elect ...