• Study Resource
  • Explore
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Redalyc.Atomic radiative corrections without QED: role of the zero
Redalyc.Atomic radiative corrections without QED: role of the zero

... The random zero-point radiation field (ZPF) of mean energy ~ω/2 per normal mode, taken as a real field, has been shown in a series of recent papers [1-3] to be responsible for the basic quantum properties of matter. In particular, the usual quantum description, as afforded e.g. by the Schrödinger e ...
The effects of the Aharonov-Bohm type as tests of the relativistic
The effects of the Aharonov-Bohm type as tests of the relativistic

... and show how they are related to the last advances of classical electrodynamics. Another important reason for considering nonlocal quantum effects in Sect. 2 is that the discussion on nonlocality revives the polemic on what are the correct expressions of the em forces on elementary point particles, ...
The quantum does not reduce to discrete bits
The quantum does not reduce to discrete bits

... interpretation. The core of the theory of quantum mechanics is an algebra of observables. These include position coordinates, momentum, energy, spin, electric charge, and anything else that is measurable as a real variable. The key fact is that the observables do not necessarily commute. That is, th ...
What is a Force?
What is a Force?

... was in how the nucleus of an atom could be held together despite the electromagnetic repulsion of the protons within it. In 1935 he developed an idea based on a very simple model ...
Total time derivatives of operators in elementary quantum mechanics
Total time derivatives of operators in elementary quantum mechanics

... meaning; when applied to an operator, its meaning is as in Eq. 共1.2兲. Its use eliminates much of the tedious calculation of commutators in conventional treatments and allows calculations that closely follow those of classical mechanics. For many systems it also enables simple methods to be used to o ...
PowerPoint - Isaac Newton Institute for Mathematical Sciences
PowerPoint - Isaac Newton Institute for Mathematical Sciences

... Quantum information is reducible to qubits i.e. two-state quantum systems such as a photon's polarization or a spin-1/2 atom. Quantum information processing is reducible to one- and two-qubit gate operations. Qubits and quantum gates are fungible among different quantum systems ...
ASTRONOMY 5
ASTRONOMY 5

... 2) Eternal inflation is an alternative theory that does away with “the beginning” entirely. This theory was invented by the Russian cosmologist Andre Linde in 1982 as an elaboration of Guth’s original inflation picture. A benefit is that the theory sidesteps the Planck time. Highly speculative, but ...
Quantum Theory
Quantum Theory

CH 4 SEC 2: Book Notes
CH 4 SEC 2: Book Notes

imaginary - New England Complex Systems Institute
imaginary - New England Complex Systems Institute

... magic wand to determine the physics of the real world. It is not compelling that momentum must always keep a particle within the 3-space universe (or, relatively speaking, for a 4-momentum to keep a particle in familiar spaciotemporal territory). Imaginary mass casts that “fact” in question. Specifi ...
In simple terms, what does the Stern
In simple terms, what does the Stern

Problem set 1 - MIT OpenCourseWare
Problem set 1 - MIT OpenCourseWare

Classical Models of Subatomic Particles
Classical Models of Subatomic Particles

... distances from the particle much larger than the Compton wavelength. The interior solution will be modelled by a quantum distribution. But, however large the matching radius (rM ) is taken to be, the act of measuring the spacetime curvature on a surface at that distance (i.e. measuring the paramete ...
Slayt Başlığı Yok
Slayt Başlığı Yok

... A mapping is obtained relating radial screened Coulomb systems with low screening parameters to radial anharmonic oscillators in N-dimensional space. Using the formalism of supersymmetric quantum mechanics, it is shown that exact solutions of these potentials exist when the parameters satisfy certai ...
Inflation, quantum fields, and CMB anisotropies
Inflation, quantum fields, and CMB anisotropies

... with wk = k/a(t). The subtraction of the first term (16π Gk 3 /4π 2 a 3 wk ) cancels the typical flat space vacuum fluctuations. The additional terms, proportional to ȧ 2 and ä, are necessary to properly perform the renormalization in an expanding universe. For the idealized case of a strictly con ...
The Yukawa Theory of Nuclear Forces in the Light of Present
The Yukawa Theory of Nuclear Forces in the Light of Present

... This starting point leads to a number of problems, which have been dealt with recently in many papers.5) \Ve mention the most important results: The wave function that obeys a regular commutation rule, corresponds necessarily to several different types of elementary partir.ies, not only to one type. ...
Photon Localization Revisited
Photon Localization Revisited

Scales are fishy!
Scales are fishy!

... April 21st 2011! ...
Some Quantum Considerations II
Some Quantum Considerations II

... Which of the following statements is false? a. Longer wavelength radiation carries higher energies. b. Light can be considered to be made up of particles called photons. c. All material objects have some wave characteristics. d. Electrons can be viewed as standing waves in an atom. e. Bohr’s model o ...
NP-complete Problems and Physical Reality
NP-complete Problems and Physical Reality

... arguments don’t seem powerful enough Combinatorial arguments face the “Razborov-Rudich barrier” ...
無投影片標題 - 2009 Asian Science Camp/Japan
無投影片標題 - 2009 Asian Science Camp/Japan

... is good that I did not make a bet. It would have resulted in a heavy loss of money (which I cannot afford); I did make a fool of myself, however (which I think I can afford) Pauli 1957 ...
Progress In N=2 Field Theory
Progress In N=2 Field Theory

... that the SW picture indeed generalizes to all known d=4 , N=2 field theories: ...
Electron Configuration Notes File
Electron Configuration Notes File

...  Impossible to know both the velocity and position of an electron at the same time ...
Logic of Quantum Mechanics
Logic of Quantum Mechanics

... 53: If x implies y and y implies x, then x and y are logically equivalent. In fact, 53 need not be stated as a postulate at all, but can be regarded as a definition of logical equivalence. Pursuing this line of thought, one can interpret as a "physical quality," the set of all experimental propositi ...
BLACK HOLES AT CERN
BLACK HOLES AT CERN

< 1 ... 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 ... 503 >

Canonical quantization

In physics, canonical quantization is a procedure for quantizing a classical theory, while attempting to preserve the formal structure, such as symmetries, of the classical theory, to the greatest extent possible.Historically, this was not quite Werner Heisenberg's route to obtaining quantum mechanics, but Paul Dirac introduced it in his 1926 doctoral thesis, the ""method of classical analogy"" for quantization, and detailed it in his classic text. The word canonical arises from the Hamiltonian approach to classical mechanics, in which a system's dynamics is generated via canonical Poisson brackets, a structure which is only partially preserved in canonical quantization.This method was further used in the context of quantum field theory by Paul Dirac, in his construction of quantum electrodynamics. In the field theory context, it is also called second quantization, in contrast to the semi-classical first quantization for single particles.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report