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arXiv:math/0004155v2 [math.GT] 27 Apr 2000
arXiv:math/0004155v2 [math.GT] 27 Apr 2000

Light, Matter, and Geometry: The Cornerstones of
Light, Matter, and Geometry: The Cornerstones of

Carotene in Different Solvents.
Carotene in Different Solvents.

Institute for Theoretical Physics of Phase Transitions
Institute for Theoretical Physics of Phase Transitions

... (which may be continuous or discontinuous) the order parameter can have many components depending on the number n of normal mode coordinates that are necessary to describe the possible atomic displacements of the distorted phase. Thermal fluctuations of the order parameter play an important role nea ...
Implementation of a combined charge-phase quantum bit - ENS-phys
Implementation of a combined charge-phase quantum bit - ENS-phys

PDF file - Comp Chem - University of Minnesota
PDF file - Comp Chem - University of Minnesota

... In many theoretical treatments, the first step in modeling a non-BO system is the development of analytic expressions for the potential energy surfaces in eqn. (4) and their couplings. As discussed above, there are two possibilities for representing a set of coupled potential energy surfaces, the uni ...
Springer Tracts in Modern Physics
Springer Tracts in Modern Physics

... and classical chaos. Hence mesoscopics has developed into a prominent field of application of quantum chaos. This book combines both mesoscopics and quantum chaos. This connection between mesoscopic quantum phenomena and classical dynamics is naturally achieved in the framework of advanced semiclass ...
Lanthanides and Actinides
Lanthanides and Actinides

... The large number of low-lying electronic states makes a rationalization of the electronic structure of lanthanide and actinide compounds rather difficult. The situation from a spectroscopist’s point of view is even more complicated owing to the numerous isotopes occurring for some lanthanides and ac ...
Antihydrogen Gravitational States Abstract - Institut Laue
Antihydrogen Gravitational States Abstract - Institut Laue

... matter-matter interactions e.g. as a result of the difference in the gravitational coupling to the rest mass and that to the binding energy. WEP is being tested with increasing sensitivity for macroscopic bodies. The best test so far confirms WEP to the accuracy of 2·10−13 (using a rotating torsion ...
Finite-difference time-domain simulation of thermal noise in open
Finite-difference time-domain simulation of thermal noise in open

A theory of concepts and their combinations I
A theory of concepts and their combinations I

... that are sensitive to interactions and subject to change. Hence, apart from states, that describe the “contextual typicality and applicability effect” that we mentioned, our theory does not focus alone on the most characteristic properties but also introduces context sensitive and less characteristi ...
A New and Feasible Protocol for Semi
A New and Feasible Protocol for Semi

... represented by a density matrix: ρ = ∑ j p j |ψ j ihψ j |, where p j is the probability that the system is in the pure state |ψ j i (this definition should not be confused with the probabilities of measurement results). For example, if the mixed state of a system is ρ1 = 13 |0ih0| + 23 |+ih+|, this ...
Robust dynamical decoupling
Robust dynamical decoupling

Unusual ordered phases of highly frustrated magnets: a review
Unusual ordered phases of highly frustrated magnets: a review

... with spin S = 1/2: Cs2 CuCl4 (shows extended spinon continuum, J 0 /J = 0.34 is obtained from neutron scattering experiments in fully polarized state20 ), Cs2 CuBr4 (shows magnetization plateau, J 0 /J ≈ 0.5 based on considerations summarized in Section V A) and Ba3 CoSb2 O9 (shows magnetization pla ...
Polynomial Heisenberg algebras and Painleve
Polynomial Heisenberg algebras and Painleve

... The complex energy plane which contains the eigenvalues of the SUSY genere Along the real axis it is shown the usual ladder formed ated Hamiltonian H. by the energy levels En = n + 1/2, n = 0, 1, . . . ; out of the real line there is a new level at the complex value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
pptx file - Northwestern University
pptx file - Northwestern University

... • Today we know this is wrong. • We believe that matter is made of fundamental particles, and we study the ways that they interact with each other. • This is particle physics. 7 - November - 2012 ...
Lectures on Conformal Field Theory arXiv:1511.04074v2 [hep
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Gate Tunable Relativistic Mass and Berry’s phase in Topological Insulator
Gate Tunable Relativistic Mass and Berry’s phase in Topological Insulator

... particles with linear energy-momentum band dispersion and with spins locked perpendicular to their momentum2,3. Existence of such helical Dirac fermion surface states have been experimentally confirmed by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES)6,7 and scanning-tunneling microscopy8. Transp ...
Interferometry beyond the Standard Quantum Limit using a Sagnac
Interferometry beyond the Standard Quantum Limit using a Sagnac

Frontiers in Quantum Methods and Applications in Chemistry and
Frontiers in Quantum Methods and Applications in Chemistry and

An Atomic Source of Quantum Light - Institute for Quantum Science
An Atomic Source of Quantum Light - Institute for Quantum Science

... (a) Theoretically predicted relative intensity squeezing in the presence of loss. In the presence of loss the amount of squeezing obtained is not monotonically decreasing with increasing gain. (b) Loss in the signal (idler) channel is modelled as a beam splitter of transmissivity ηs(i) and a vacuum ...
Relativity and Quantum Theory in Virginia Woolf`s
Relativity and Quantum Theory in Virginia Woolf`s

... a unique perspective, there is no sense of a unifying consciousness that can synthesize these perspectives into a cohesive narrative, and although Bernard attempts to fill this role, he ends up with only “an unfinished phrase.”25 There is also little or no sense of linear progression from one solil ...
The information paradox: A pedagogical introduction Samir D. Mathur Department of Physics,
The information paradox: A pedagogical introduction Samir D. Mathur Department of Physics,

... 2. Pair creation: The evolution of the geometry will lead to particle creation in the region where the geometry of the slice is being deformed; this happens because the vacuum state on one slice will not in general be the natural vacuum on a later slice. Let the geometry in the deformation region be ...
BOULDER SUMMER SCHOOL LECTURE NOTES TOPOLOGICAL
BOULDER SUMMER SCHOOL LECTURE NOTES TOPOLOGICAL

... will be relevant for band structures where the number of independent parameters is the number of spatial dimensions of the crystal, each of which provides a crystal momentum. This was realized by Conyers Herring who was the first to apply the theory of accidental crossings to band structure in the19 ...
Current fluctuations in single electron devices
Current fluctuations in single electron devices

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Canonical quantization

In physics, canonical quantization is a procedure for quantizing a classical theory, while attempting to preserve the formal structure, such as symmetries, of the classical theory, to the greatest extent possible.Historically, this was not quite Werner Heisenberg's route to obtaining quantum mechanics, but Paul Dirac introduced it in his 1926 doctoral thesis, the ""method of classical analogy"" for quantization, and detailed it in his classic text. The word canonical arises from the Hamiltonian approach to classical mechanics, in which a system's dynamics is generated via canonical Poisson brackets, a structure which is only partially preserved in canonical quantization.This method was further used in the context of quantum field theory by Paul Dirac, in his construction of quantum electrodynamics. In the field theory context, it is also called second quantization, in contrast to the semi-classical first quantization for single particles.
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