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Advanced Quantum Field Theory Lent Term 2013 Hugh Osborn
Advanced Quantum Field Theory Lent Term 2013 Hugh Osborn

... • multi-particle states |~ p1 , ~ p2 , . . . , p~n i, which have energy E(~ p1 ) + . . . + E(~ pn ). (Note that we use units in which c = ~ = 1.) We introduce creation and annihilation operators a† (~ p), a(~ p), such that |~ pi = a† (~ p)|0i etc. Fields after quantisation change the number of parti ...
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Canonical quantization

In physics, canonical quantization is a procedure for quantizing a classical theory, while attempting to preserve the formal structure, such as symmetries, of the classical theory, to the greatest extent possible.Historically, this was not quite Werner Heisenberg's route to obtaining quantum mechanics, but Paul Dirac introduced it in his 1926 doctoral thesis, the ""method of classical analogy"" for quantization, and detailed it in his classic text. The word canonical arises from the Hamiltonian approach to classical mechanics, in which a system's dynamics is generated via canonical Poisson brackets, a structure which is only partially preserved in canonical quantization.This method was further used in the context of quantum field theory by Paul Dirac, in his construction of quantum electrodynamics. In the field theory context, it is also called second quantization, in contrast to the semi-classical first quantization for single particles.
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