Scattering and propagation of light in mesoscopic random
... numbers classical fluctuations dominate the statistical properties of the photon count distribution. On the other hand it can be easily shown that at very small average photon numbers quantum fluctuations dominate, and the shape of the probability distribution is insensitive to multiple scattering a ...
... numbers classical fluctuations dominate the statistical properties of the photon count distribution. On the other hand it can be easily shown that at very small average photon numbers quantum fluctuations dominate, and the shape of the probability distribution is insensitive to multiple scattering a ...
The Path Integral Approach to Quantum Mechanics
... the Schrödinger equation with respect to tf , not ti ). Rather, this state is characterised by the fact that it is the eigenstate of the Heisenberg picture operator x̂H (t) at t = ti , x̂H (t)|x, t >= e (i/h̄)tĤ x̂e −(i/h̄)tĤ e (i/h̄)tĤ |x >= x|x, t > . ...
... the Schrödinger equation with respect to tf , not ti ). Rather, this state is characterised by the fact that it is the eigenstate of the Heisenberg picture operator x̂H (t) at t = ti , x̂H (t)|x, t >= e (i/h̄)tĤ x̂e −(i/h̄)tĤ e (i/h̄)tĤ |x >= x|x, t > . ...
Graviton physics - ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst
... can be expected. Also, just as virtual photon exchange leads to a detailed understanding of electromagnetic interactions between charged systems, a careful treatment of virtual graviton exchange allows an understanding not just of Newtonian gravity, but also of spin-dependent phenomena associated wi ...
... can be expected. Also, just as virtual photon exchange leads to a detailed understanding of electromagnetic interactions between charged systems, a careful treatment of virtual graviton exchange allows an understanding not just of Newtonian gravity, but also of spin-dependent phenomena associated wi ...
statistical mechanics and probability theory
... consequences of the fundamental principles of dynamics. Let (q, p) denote the coordinates of the point M representing the state of a given system S in its phase space r. The letter q will represent the coordinates of position and the letter p those of momentum. The following results are fundamental ...
... consequences of the fundamental principles of dynamics. Let (q, p) denote the coordinates of the point M representing the state of a given system S in its phase space r. The letter q will represent the coordinates of position and the letter p those of momentum. The following results are fundamental ...
The quantum vacuum as the origin of the speed of light
... are driven by the Pauli exclusion principle. Two pairs containing two identical fermions in the same spin state cannot show up at the same time at the same place. However at a given location we may find 21 charged fermion pairs since different fermions can superpose spatially. In solid state physics t ...
... are driven by the Pauli exclusion principle. Two pairs containing two identical fermions in the same spin state cannot show up at the same time at the same place. However at a given location we may find 21 charged fermion pairs since different fermions can superpose spatially. In solid state physics t ...
ΟΝ THE WAVE FUNCTION OF THE PHOTON
... photon interferes only with itself"), but in his exposition the photon wave function never takes on a specific mathematical form. It is tue that in the description of polarization simple prototype twocomponent wave functions are often used to describe various polarization states of the photon and wi ...
... photon interferes only with itself"), but in his exposition the photon wave function never takes on a specific mathematical form. It is tue that in the description of polarization simple prototype twocomponent wave functions are often used to describe various polarization states of the photon and wi ...
On the Absolutely Continuous Spectrum of Sturm–Liouville
... where r± (x) are as defined in (2.17). We will prove the following result. Lemma 2.9. Let the coefficients of τ satisfy the general assumptions of (1.2). Moreover, suppose that r is non-decreasing and each of (2.28),√(2.29), and (2.30) hold. In this case, if all solutions of τ u = λu are such that r ...
... where r± (x) are as defined in (2.17). We will prove the following result. Lemma 2.9. Let the coefficients of τ satisfy the general assumptions of (1.2). Moreover, suppose that r is non-decreasing and each of (2.28),√(2.29), and (2.30) hold. In this case, if all solutions of τ u = λu are such that r ...
What Makes a Classical Concept Classical? Toward a
... possessing separate, intrinsic states. These states will, of course, change as a result of interaction, but they are always separately definable. Why is separability a necessary condition for metaphysical independence? It is because, whatever else they might be, the observing scientist and the obser ...
... possessing separate, intrinsic states. These states will, of course, change as a result of interaction, but they are always separately definable. Why is separability a necessary condition for metaphysical independence? It is because, whatever else they might be, the observing scientist and the obser ...
Nature 425, (937
... 2 j1lj j1ljþ1 þ 2 jBELLl: Here jBELLl denotes the Belllike state corresponding to ðj0lj ðj0ljþ1 2 j1ljþ1 Þ þ j1lj ðj0ljþ1 þ j1ljþ1 ÞÞ=2: This scheme can be generalized when more than two particles are placed next to each other, starting from a Mott insulating state of matter9,10. In such a Mott insu ...
... 2 j1lj j1ljþ1 þ 2 jBELLl: Here jBELLl denotes the Belllike state corresponding to ðj0lj ðj0ljþ1 2 j1ljþ1 Þ þ j1lj ðj0ljþ1 þ j1ljþ1 ÞÞ=2: This scheme can be generalized when more than two particles are placed next to each other, starting from a Mott insulating state of matter9,10. In such a Mott insu ...
Few-electron quantum dot circuit with integrated charge read out
... decreases when we make the left-dot gate voltage V more negative. Periodically this changing gate voltage pushes an electron out o f the left dot. The associated sudden change in charge increases the electrostatic potential in the QPC, resulting i n a steplike structure in I [see expansion in Fig. 1 ...
... decreases when we make the left-dot gate voltage V more negative. Periodically this changing gate voltage pushes an electron out o f the left dot. The associated sudden change in charge increases the electrostatic potential in the QPC, resulting i n a steplike structure in I [see expansion in Fig. 1 ...