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Slides
Slides

... Sequence DB Search is Hampered by the Growing Gap between Sequence Growth and Processor Memory ...
Create All Those Tables and Call PROC SQL Once!
Create All Those Tables and Call PROC SQL Once!

... In the course of creating a clinical trials reporting database, which might contain anywhere from 20 to 400 individual SAS datasets, the database on which the files reside need to be called numerous times. A great deal of overhead is used in the course of “setting up” and “knocking down” PROC SQL. O ...
Components of the DBMS Environment
Components of the DBMS Environment

... The flat-file style of database of data that needs to be human readable or edited by hand. Essentially all they are made up of is a set of strings in one or more files that can be parsed to get the information they store; great for storing simple lists and data values, but can get complicated when y ...
Database-Driven Web Sites
Database-Driven Web Sites

... from http://www.sitepoint.com/article/php-mysql-tutorial SQL Server 2005 Amid DBMS Market Dynamics from http://www.ftponline.com/wss/2004_12/magazine/columns/trends/ Market share analysis from http://www.olapreport.com/Market.htm IBM, Oracle Race for Database Dominance from http://www.eweek.com/arti ...
Exam 1
Exam 1

... ______ Functional dependency analysis is required in the normalization of a relational schema, but is irrelevant in the analysis of an entity’s attributes in the ER model. ______ Multi-valued attributes are permitted in a normalized relational database. ______ Normalization also permits nulls to be ...
6231B_07
6231B_07

... If the point in time provided is within the time frame of the backup, the database is recovered up to that point ...
Introduction to Database Systems
Introduction to Database Systems

... Concurrent execution of user programs is essential for good DBMS performance. – Many people may access the same data at the same time. ...
Modification of the Database – Deletion
Modification of the Database – Deletion

...  A transaction is a sequence of queries and update statements executed ...
Recovery
Recovery

... Kroenke, Database Processing ...
End Users
End Users

... b) Indirect users: Indirect users are those users, who desire benefit form the work of DBMS indirectly. They use the outputs generated by the programs, for decision making or any other purpose. They are just concerned with the output and are not bothered about the programming part. BACK ...
ppt
ppt

... • What is the result of a query? • Is a remote connection different from a direct access to the database? • How can a database send the result of a query through communication lines? • The answer: using a cursor ...
CIS560-Lecture-01-20070116 - KDD
CIS560-Lecture-01-20070116 - KDD

...  A transaction is a collection of operations that performs a single logical function in a database application  Transaction-management component ensures that the database remains in a consistent (correct) state despite system failures (e.g., power failures and operating system crashes) and transac ...
Data Mining - Academia Sinica
Data Mining - Academia Sinica

... Prune literals of an output rule based on its applicability and estimated robustness Example: if wharf in Malta, depth < 50ft, with one or more crane  its length > 1200ft » shortest rule consistent with the database if wharf in Malta  its length > 1200ft » the most robust if wharf in Malta with on ...
Database A database is an organized collection of data. The data is
Database A database is an organized collection of data. The data is

... General-purpose and special-purpose DBMSs A DBMS has evolved into a complex software system and its development typically requires thousands of person-years of development effort. Some general-purpose DBMSs such as Adabas, Oracle and DB2 have been undergoing upgrades since the 1970s. General-purpose ...
Database Maintenance Plans
Database Maintenance Plans

... [ , TABLOCK ] [ , ESTIMATEONLY ] [ , { PHYSICAL_ONLY | DATA_PURITY } ] ...
Chapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 1: Introduction

... ©Silberschatz, Korth and Sudarshan See www.db-book.com for conditions on re-use ...
Chapter 7 - NCNU Moodle 課程
Chapter 7 - NCNU Moodle 課程

... • DBMS allows users to update and retrieve data in a database without needing to know how data is structured on disk or manipulated • DBMS must store metadata (data about the data) and make this data accessible to users • DBMS must support concurrent update • Locking denies access by other users to ...
Chapter 7
Chapter 7

... • DBMS allows users to update and retrieve data in a database without needing to know how data is structured on disk or manipulated • DBMS must store metadata (data about the data) and make this data accessible to users • DBMS must support concurrent update • Locking denies access by other users to ...
Action Queries
Action Queries

...  If multiple users access a sequence that has a CACHE value (must be at least 2), then those sequence values are reserved and may be lost if not used  If a surrogate key value is hardcoded in an insert statement instead of using the sequence, the sequence may later produce the same value ...
DATABASE CONNECTIVITY TO MYSQL
DATABASE CONNECTIVITY TO MYSQL

... CONNECTIVITY TO MYSQL FROM JAVA Steps for creating Database Connectivity ...
Databases
Databases

... – Know (at a basic level) how to model the reality using the relational model. – Be able to query a database in SQL. – Know the mechanisms of the relational model which are needed to express integrity constraints: domain definition and key definition. – Define database schemas and constraints in SQL ...
Fall 2007 CS 440 Syllabus (Word format)
Fall 2007 CS 440 Syllabus (Word format)

... All exams will be announced at least one full week in advance. If you are absent on the day an exam is announced, you are responsible for finding out about it from a fellow student or the professor. No make-up exams will be given except for extraordinary circumstances. Item 8 (above) addresses the e ...
File
File

... _ Read authorization _ Write authorization _ Update authorization _ Drop authorization ...
Sample pages 2 PDF
Sample pages 2 PDF

... Many database applications deal with transaction processing, therefore we need to look at what a transaction is. Basically a transaction is one or more operations that make up a single task. Operations fall into one of four categories; Create, Read, Update or Delete (so called CRUDing). As an exampl ...
DB Time-based Oracle Performance Tuning: Theory and
DB Time-based Oracle Performance Tuning: Theory and

... • V$SESS_TIME_MODEL • V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY • Identify if database is the problem • Identify high load SQL • Identify application efficiency issues • Identify resource constraints or contention ...
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Serializability

In concurrency control of databases, transaction processing (transaction management), and various transactional applications (e.g., transactional memory and software transactional memory), both centralized and distributed, a transaction schedule is serializable if its outcome (e.g., the resulting database state) is equal to the outcome of its transactions executed serially, i.e., sequentially without overlapping in time. Transactions are normally executed concurrently (they overlap), since this is the most efficient way. Serializability is the major correctness criterion for concurrent transactions' executions. It is considered the highest level of isolation between transactions, and plays an essential role in concurrency control. As such it is supported in all general purpose database systems. Strong strict two-phase locking (SS2PL) is a popular serializability mechanism utilized in most of the database systems (in various variants) since their early days in the 1970s.Serializability theory provides the formal framework to reason about and analyze serializability and its techniques. Though it is mathematical in nature, its fundamentals are informally (without mathematics notation) introduced below.
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