Introduction - Nuclear Community
... Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell. When external energy, such as heat, light, or electrical energy, act on certain materials, the electrons in the individual atoms gain energy, become excited, and may move to a higher energy level. If enough energy acts on the atom, some of ...
... Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell. When external energy, such as heat, light, or electrical energy, act on certain materials, the electrons in the individual atoms gain energy, become excited, and may move to a higher energy level. If enough energy acts on the atom, some of ...
Example CF2: Export the field solution to a uniform grid
... Example ES1: Calculate the charge density distribution and total electric charge on the surface of an object Description: Assume an electrostatic (3D) application with separate metallic objects having applied voltages or floating voltages. The task is to calculate the total electric charge on any of ...
... Example ES1: Calculate the charge density distribution and total electric charge on the surface of an object Description: Assume an electrostatic (3D) application with separate metallic objects having applied voltages or floating voltages. The task is to calculate the total electric charge on any of ...
current helicity of active regions as a tracer of large
... we overlay on the butterfly diagram for Bφ . We compare the result with the current helicity butterfly diagram known from observations and obtained using similar underlying concepts. A further point is that the primitive model allows a simplification to the level of the one-dimensional Parker migrat ...
... we overlay on the butterfly diagram for Bφ . We compare the result with the current helicity butterfly diagram known from observations and obtained using similar underlying concepts. A further point is that the primitive model allows a simplification to the level of the one-dimensional Parker migrat ...
METHODOLOGY OF TEACHING BASIC ELECTRICITY
... know how to implement them in a special area of technical education. In Slovenia special didactics for all natural sciences in area of pedagogical education are implemented, therefore it is not understandable and harmful that no comprehension is found for special didactics of fundamental subjects in ...
... know how to implement them in a special area of technical education. In Slovenia special didactics for all natural sciences in area of pedagogical education are implemented, therefore it is not understandable and harmful that no comprehension is found for special didactics of fundamental subjects in ...
Electric Field Behavior for a Finite Contact Angle
... strength is proportional to lm near the point of contact, where l is the distance from the contact point. This field behavior means that the field strength theoretically becomes either infinitely high (singular behavior) or zero at the contact point, depending on the value of m. As far as we know, J ...
... strength is proportional to lm near the point of contact, where l is the distance from the contact point. This field behavior means that the field strength theoretically becomes either infinitely high (singular behavior) or zero at the contact point, depending on the value of m. As far as we know, J ...
High-latitude electrojets, auroral luminosity and auroral
... of the WE. There are more arguments in favor of the two-vortex substorm current system: (i) the eastward current integral intensity (in the evening sector) can exceed that of the westward current, which is located on the same longitude at higher latitudes; (ii) bay-like disturbances of the magnetic ...
... of the WE. There are more arguments in favor of the two-vortex substorm current system: (i) the eastward current integral intensity (in the evening sector) can exceed that of the westward current, which is located on the same longitude at higher latitudes; (ii) bay-like disturbances of the magnetic ...
Superconductivity
Superconductivity is a phenomenon of exactly zero electrical resistance and expulsion of magnetic fields occurring in certain materials when cooled below a characteristic critical temperature. It was discovered by Dutch physicist Heike Kamerlingh Onnes on April 8, 1911 in Leiden. Like ferromagnetism and atomic spectral lines, superconductivity is a quantum mechanical phenomenon. It is characterized by the Meissner effect, the complete ejection of magnetic field lines from the interior of the superconductor as it transitions into the superconducting state. The occurrence of the Meissner effect indicates that superconductivity cannot be understood simply as the idealization of perfect conductivity in classical physics.The electrical resistivity of a metallic conductor decreases gradually as temperature is lowered. In ordinary conductors, such as copper or silver, this decrease is limited by impurities and other defects. Even near absolute zero, a real sample of a normal conductor shows some resistance. In a superconductor, the resistance drops abruptly to zero when the material is cooled below its critical temperature. An electric current flowing through a loop of superconducting wire can persist indefinitely with no power source.In 1986, it was discovered that some cuprate-perovskite ceramic materials have a critical temperature above 90 K (−183 °C). Such a high transition temperature is theoretically impossible for a conventional superconductor, leading the materials to be termed high-temperature superconductors. Liquid nitrogen boils at 77 K, and superconduction at higher temperatures than this facilitates many experiments and applications that are less practical at lower temperatures.