Nonuniform and constant magnetic field
... In this notebook we study the effect of nonuniformities of the magnetic and electric fields on the individual movement of charged particles. We show that, in first order of expansion, the magnetic moment is a constant of motion. We discuss the principles of magnetic mirrors and the movement of charg ...
... In this notebook we study the effect of nonuniformities of the magnetic and electric fields on the individual movement of charged particles. We show that, in first order of expansion, the magnetic moment is a constant of motion. We discuss the principles of magnetic mirrors and the movement of charg ...
Nonuniform and constant electromagnetic field
... Let’s see how important is the assumption rL B/|∇B|. We can compute the trajectories for an arbitrary value of ∂Bz /∂y and see what happens. . . Besides, we don’t need to be limit to positive values and can include also a ∂Bz /∂x gradient. We start by importing some libraries and define some commo ...
... Let’s see how important is the assumption rL B/|∇B|. We can compute the trajectories for an arbitrary value of ∂Bz /∂y and see what happens. . . Besides, we don’t need to be limit to positive values and can include also a ∂Bz /∂x gradient. We start by importing some libraries and define some commo ...
Chapter 33 - Electromagnetic Waves
... Look at the electric and magnetic fields after they have traveled a long distance away from the antenna. The fields will have less curvature, and at a great enough distance they can be considered to be plane. If the fields are traveling in the +xdirection, then the electric field points in the ydire ...
... Look at the electric and magnetic fields after they have traveled a long distance away from the antenna. The fields will have less curvature, and at a great enough distance they can be considered to be plane. If the fields are traveling in the +xdirection, then the electric field points in the ydire ...
Lecture 8 - UConn Physics
... time Dt I will count a certain number of charges (or total the positive particles, amount of charge) DQ moving by. ...
... time Dt I will count a certain number of charges (or total the positive particles, amount of charge) DQ moving by. ...
What are the different forms of energy?
... Convection is the flow of thermal energy through a liquid or gas, which is caused by hot parts rising and cool parts sinking. ...
... Convection is the flow of thermal energy through a liquid or gas, which is caused by hot parts rising and cool parts sinking. ...
30-7,8,9,10,11
... in the current through it. A long time later, it acts like ordinary connecting wire. ...
... in the current through it. A long time later, it acts like ordinary connecting wire. ...
electric fields
... A solenoid is a long conductor wound into a coil of many loops. The many loops help to strengthen the magnetic field being produced. ...
... A solenoid is a long conductor wound into a coil of many loops. The many loops help to strengthen the magnetic field being produced. ...
Superconductivity
Superconductivity is a phenomenon of exactly zero electrical resistance and expulsion of magnetic fields occurring in certain materials when cooled below a characteristic critical temperature. It was discovered by Dutch physicist Heike Kamerlingh Onnes on April 8, 1911 in Leiden. Like ferromagnetism and atomic spectral lines, superconductivity is a quantum mechanical phenomenon. It is characterized by the Meissner effect, the complete ejection of magnetic field lines from the interior of the superconductor as it transitions into the superconducting state. The occurrence of the Meissner effect indicates that superconductivity cannot be understood simply as the idealization of perfect conductivity in classical physics.The electrical resistivity of a metallic conductor decreases gradually as temperature is lowered. In ordinary conductors, such as copper or silver, this decrease is limited by impurities and other defects. Even near absolute zero, a real sample of a normal conductor shows some resistance. In a superconductor, the resistance drops abruptly to zero when the material is cooled below its critical temperature. An electric current flowing through a loop of superconducting wire can persist indefinitely with no power source.In 1986, it was discovered that some cuprate-perovskite ceramic materials have a critical temperature above 90 K (−183 °C). Such a high transition temperature is theoretically impossible for a conventional superconductor, leading the materials to be termed high-temperature superconductors. Liquid nitrogen boils at 77 K, and superconduction at higher temperatures than this facilitates many experiments and applications that are less practical at lower temperatures.