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60 Series
60 Series

Anleitung
Anleitung

... Superconductivity, discovered in 1911 by H. Kammerlingh Onnes, is a phenomenon occurring in certain materials at extremely low temperatures, characterized by zero electrical resistance, exclusion of the interior magnetic fields and quantum mechanical coherence effects. The resistivity of a metallic ...
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Important Questions

... generator. A circular coil of N turns and of radius R is kept normal to a magnetic field given by B = B 0cosωt. Deduce an expression for e.m.f induced in this coil. State the rule which helps to detect the direction of the induced current. ...
Homework #11    203-1-1721    Physics... 2.  A circular coil has a 10.3 cm radius... externally produced magnetic field of 2.62 mT is perpendicular to...
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Exam1, 1402, Summer II, 2008

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101603.kung.strain_v..

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Superconductivity



Superconductivity is a phenomenon of exactly zero electrical resistance and expulsion of magnetic fields occurring in certain materials when cooled below a characteristic critical temperature. It was discovered by Dutch physicist Heike Kamerlingh Onnes on April 8, 1911 in Leiden. Like ferromagnetism and atomic spectral lines, superconductivity is a quantum mechanical phenomenon. It is characterized by the Meissner effect, the complete ejection of magnetic field lines from the interior of the superconductor as it transitions into the superconducting state. The occurrence of the Meissner effect indicates that superconductivity cannot be understood simply as the idealization of perfect conductivity in classical physics.The electrical resistivity of a metallic conductor decreases gradually as temperature is lowered. In ordinary conductors, such as copper or silver, this decrease is limited by impurities and other defects. Even near absolute zero, a real sample of a normal conductor shows some resistance. In a superconductor, the resistance drops abruptly to zero when the material is cooled below its critical temperature. An electric current flowing through a loop of superconducting wire can persist indefinitely with no power source.In 1986, it was discovered that some cuprate-perovskite ceramic materials have a critical temperature above 90 K (−183 °C). Such a high transition temperature is theoretically impossible for a conventional superconductor, leading the materials to be termed high-temperature superconductors. Liquid nitrogen boils at 77 K, and superconduction at higher temperatures than this facilitates many experiments and applications that are less practical at lower temperatures.
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