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AC DC •Motors •Generators - Northside College Prep High School
AC DC •Motors •Generators - Northside College Prep High School

... After reading this section you will be able to do the following: Explain what DC stands for and what it means. Define what a good source of DC would be. Now that we have a fairly good understanding of basic electricity terms and concepts, let's take a closer look at some more details of the electric ...
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... some of these effects. • We know that a current carrying wire produces a magnetic field. • We also know that a current carrying wire feels a force in a magnetic field. • If we have two wires, can we use one wire to produce a magnetic field at the position of the second wire? Yes! • If the second wir ...
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... systems have been reported in GaAs − Ga1−x Alx As quantumwell wires (QWWs) and quantum dots (QDs) [4–6]. The effects of hydrostatic pressure on such systems, and in particular on the photoionization (PI) cross-section, show that the PI depends strongly on the symmetry of the potential that confines ...
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< 1 ... 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 ... 528 >

Superconductivity



Superconductivity is a phenomenon of exactly zero electrical resistance and expulsion of magnetic fields occurring in certain materials when cooled below a characteristic critical temperature. It was discovered by Dutch physicist Heike Kamerlingh Onnes on April 8, 1911 in Leiden. Like ferromagnetism and atomic spectral lines, superconductivity is a quantum mechanical phenomenon. It is characterized by the Meissner effect, the complete ejection of magnetic field lines from the interior of the superconductor as it transitions into the superconducting state. The occurrence of the Meissner effect indicates that superconductivity cannot be understood simply as the idealization of perfect conductivity in classical physics.The electrical resistivity of a metallic conductor decreases gradually as temperature is lowered. In ordinary conductors, such as copper or silver, this decrease is limited by impurities and other defects. Even near absolute zero, a real sample of a normal conductor shows some resistance. In a superconductor, the resistance drops abruptly to zero when the material is cooled below its critical temperature. An electric current flowing through a loop of superconducting wire can persist indefinitely with no power source.In 1986, it was discovered that some cuprate-perovskite ceramic materials have a critical temperature above 90 K (−183 °C). Such a high transition temperature is theoretically impossible for a conventional superconductor, leading the materials to be termed high-temperature superconductors. Liquid nitrogen boils at 77 K, and superconduction at higher temperatures than this facilitates many experiments and applications that are less practical at lower temperatures.
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