Evaluation of living Renal donors by CT
... • The presence of more than two arteries within a kidney is a contraindication for donation. • Donation is only possible if one of the three arteries is a small suprior polar artery less than 2 mm in diameter . such an artery may be sacrificed because the resultant volume of renal infarct does not ...
... • The presence of more than two arteries within a kidney is a contraindication for donation. • Donation is only possible if one of the three arteries is a small suprior polar artery less than 2 mm in diameter . such an artery may be sacrificed because the resultant volume of renal infarct does not ...
clinical usefulness of b-type natriuretic peptide - Heart
... or NT-proBNP concentrations would be falsely diagnosed as having LVSD. For example, in the Olmsted County cohort, with a low prevalence of LVSD (1.1%), 24% of the population would require an echocardiogram based on raised BNP concentrations and the vast majority of these echocardiograms (96%) would ...
... or NT-proBNP concentrations would be falsely diagnosed as having LVSD. For example, in the Olmsted County cohort, with a low prevalence of LVSD (1.1%), 24% of the population would require an echocardiogram based on raised BNP concentrations and the vast majority of these echocardiograms (96%) would ...
Response of the oxygen pulse during exercise in
... continuously increases during exercise (Wasserman’s Principles of Exercise Testing and Interpretation: Including Pathophysiology and Clinical Applications). Furthermore, the oxygen pulse has been used as a surrogate for stroke volume during exercise and has been shown to correlate with stroke volume ...
... continuously increases during exercise (Wasserman’s Principles of Exercise Testing and Interpretation: Including Pathophysiology and Clinical Applications). Furthermore, the oxygen pulse has been used as a surrogate for stroke volume during exercise and has been shown to correlate with stroke volume ...
Echocardiographic Evaluation of Aortic Valve Stenosis
... is not likely. In contrast, a severely calcified and immobile AV suggests severe AS, so that if the Doppler recording shows a moderate increase in velocity, it is better to re-evaluate this more carefully. However, it should be taken into account that the opening of the AV is affected by the stroke ...
... is not likely. In contrast, a severely calcified and immobile AV suggests severe AS, so that if the Doppler recording shows a moderate increase in velocity, it is better to re-evaluate this more carefully. However, it should be taken into account that the opening of the AV is affected by the stroke ...
Tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy in children and
... This is the case of a female adolescent from Mexico City. Onset was with asymptomatic frequent palpitations with an evolution time not well defined. At 12 years of age she began to experience fatigue, exercise intolerance and progressive dyspnea up to orthopnea. She was referred to the cardiology se ...
... This is the case of a female adolescent from Mexico City. Onset was with asymptomatic frequent palpitations with an evolution time not well defined. At 12 years of age she began to experience fatigue, exercise intolerance and progressive dyspnea up to orthopnea. She was referred to the cardiology se ...
Magnesium nitrate attenuates blood pressure rise in SHR rats
... Abstract. The administration of magnesium supplements and nitrates/nitrites decreases arterial blood pressure and attenuates the development of hypertension-induced complications. This study was performed to examine the effects of treatment with magnesium nitrate on the development of hypertension a ...
... Abstract. The administration of magnesium supplements and nitrates/nitrites decreases arterial blood pressure and attenuates the development of hypertension-induced complications. This study was performed to examine the effects of treatment with magnesium nitrate on the development of hypertension a ...
ICD in LV Dysfunction
... stratification tools to identify patients who are most likely to benefit from ICD are needed. ...
... stratification tools to identify patients who are most likely to benefit from ICD are needed. ...
SA Node: impulse
... In the heart muscle cell, or myocyte, electric activation takes place by means of the same mechanism as in the nerve cell - that is, from the inflow of sodium ions across the cell membrane. The amplitude of the action potential is also similar, being about 100 mV for both nerve and muscle. The durat ...
... In the heart muscle cell, or myocyte, electric activation takes place by means of the same mechanism as in the nerve cell - that is, from the inflow of sodium ions across the cell membrane. The amplitude of the action potential is also similar, being about 100 mV for both nerve and muscle. The durat ...
in the infarcted heart potentially via increased connexin43
... were subjected to infarction and G-CSF/SCF treatment. As expected, ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) caused anterior myocardial infarction as evident by replacement of myocardium with fibrotic scar tissue 5 wk after the infarction (Fig. 1 A). Morphometric analysis of the ...
... were subjected to infarction and G-CSF/SCF treatment. As expected, ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) caused anterior myocardial infarction as evident by replacement of myocardium with fibrotic scar tissue 5 wk after the infarction (Fig. 1 A). Morphometric analysis of the ...
Caffeine and Cardiac Arrhythmias: A Review of the Evidence
... periods of the right atrium, AV node, and right ventricle. Paradoxically, the effective refractory period of the left atrium increased with caffeine. Of note, there was an increase in sustained atrial arrhythmias in response to programmed atrial extrastimuli after ingestion of caffeine, an effect th ...
... periods of the right atrium, AV node, and right ventricle. Paradoxically, the effective refractory period of the left atrium increased with caffeine. Of note, there was an increase in sustained atrial arrhythmias in response to programmed atrial extrastimuli after ingestion of caffeine, an effect th ...
Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
... strategy was adopted, although there was a nonsignificant trend toward more embolic events with rhythm control which could have reflected, in part, a high rate of crossover from rhythm to rate control (17 and 38 percent at one and five years, respectively, in AFFIRM) [42]. In both groups, embolizati ...
... strategy was adopted, although there was a nonsignificant trend toward more embolic events with rhythm control which could have reflected, in part, a high rate of crossover from rhythm to rate control (17 and 38 percent at one and five years, respectively, in AFFIRM) [42]. In both groups, embolizati ...
systolic murmurs in children - Archives of Disease in Childhood
... changes in the heart, but in whom special investiga- present in all four groups in about equal proportions like angiocardiography or heart catheterisation tions. There was no relation, either, between were not undertaken either because of their general well-being, or because the risks were not consi ...
... changes in the heart, but in whom special investiga- present in all four groups in about equal proportions like angiocardiography or heart catheterisation tions. There was no relation, either, between were not undertaken either because of their general well-being, or because the risks were not consi ...
Surgical Correction of Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous
... diseases1, and the co-existence of atrial septal defect (ASD) is virtually mandatory. The anatomical types of this malformation are associated with different degrees of pulmonary venous return obstruction and vasoconstriction of the small circulation. The interaction of these factors results in hype ...
... diseases1, and the co-existence of atrial septal defect (ASD) is virtually mandatory. The anatomical types of this malformation are associated with different degrees of pulmonary venous return obstruction and vasoconstriction of the small circulation. The interaction of these factors results in hype ...
Transcriptional Regulation of Heart Development in Zebrafish
... see [1–3]). Recent studies have revealed an additional layer of epigenetic regulation that contributes to the tight temporal and spatial control of cardiac gene expression during development (for review see [4–6]). Misregulation of cardiac transcription programs not only results in severe developmen ...
... see [1–3]). Recent studies have revealed an additional layer of epigenetic regulation that contributes to the tight temporal and spatial control of cardiac gene expression during development (for review see [4–6]). Misregulation of cardiac transcription programs not only results in severe developmen ...
Exercise–based cardiac rehabilitation for heart failure
... aerobic interval training (AIT) is effective for patients with heart failure and has not been associated with any adverse effects, even for patients fitted with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator. ...
... aerobic interval training (AIT) is effective for patients with heart failure and has not been associated with any adverse effects, even for patients fitted with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator. ...
Semigran and J. Matthew Toole O`Connell, Francis D. Pagani
... There is little hope that complete consensus will ever be reached on the definition of advanced HF, but most physicians caring for such patients on a regular basis readily identify the characteristics of these patients. Advanced HF patients are those with clinically significant circulatory compromis ...
... There is little hope that complete consensus will ever be reached on the definition of advanced HF, but most physicians caring for such patients on a regular basis readily identify the characteristics of these patients. Advanced HF patients are those with clinically significant circulatory compromis ...
Patent arterial duct: when should it be closed?
... arterial duct were followed for an aggregate of 1196 years at risk, with no case of infective endarteritis being documented.5 Total deaths in Sweden between 1960 and 1993 were nearly three million, of which only two were attributed to infective arteritis as a complication of patent arterial duct.5 O ...
... arterial duct were followed for an aggregate of 1196 years at risk, with no case of infective endarteritis being documented.5 Total deaths in Sweden between 1960 and 1993 were nearly three million, of which only two were attributed to infective arteritis as a complication of patent arterial duct.5 O ...
Baroreceptor stimulation for resistant hypertension
... of 3 V, 100 Hz and a pulse width of 480 micros, once blood pressure and heart rhythm were stable. The hemodynamic response was tested and the electrode was repositioned in different locations to identify the site of optimal response. A marked acute reduction in BP was observed from 171/64 to 119/45 ...
... of 3 V, 100 Hz and a pulse width of 480 micros, once blood pressure and heart rhythm were stable. The hemodynamic response was tested and the electrode was repositioned in different locations to identify the site of optimal response. A marked acute reduction in BP was observed from 171/64 to 119/45 ...
Obstructive Sleep Apnea and its Relationship to Cardiac Arrhythmias
... both supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmogenicity increase, similar to levels during wakefulness. Sleep is considered a period of cardiovascular quiescence since NREM sleep accounts for about 75–85% of the sleep time in normal healthy adults. Cardiovascular consequences of OSA begin with OSA o ...
... both supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmogenicity increase, similar to levels during wakefulness. Sleep is considered a period of cardiovascular quiescence since NREM sleep accounts for about 75–85% of the sleep time in normal healthy adults. Cardiovascular consequences of OSA begin with OSA o ...
Cardiac Valves - 02-28-2013
... Both Tricuspid and Pulmonary Valve Disease are less common than Aortic and Mitral Valve Disease due to lower pressures on the right side of the heart. ...
... Both Tricuspid and Pulmonary Valve Disease are less common than Aortic and Mitral Valve Disease due to lower pressures on the right side of the heart. ...
Chronic Atrial Fibrillation - American Academy of Family Physicians
... ECG (with the exception of atrial fibrillation) and chest radiography. This review covers only chronic atrial fibrillation (persistent and permanent). In most cases of suspected atrial fibrillation, a 12-lead ECG is sufficient for diagnosis confirmation. However, if diagnostic uncertainty remains, s ...
... ECG (with the exception of atrial fibrillation) and chest radiography. This review covers only chronic atrial fibrillation (persistent and permanent). In most cases of suspected atrial fibrillation, a 12-lead ECG is sufficient for diagnosis confirmation. However, if diagnostic uncertainty remains, s ...
Right ventricular function in pulmonary
... association with a variety of diseases or circumstances, which include human immuno-deficiency syndrome, intake of fenfluramines, connective tissue disease, portal hypertension, and congenital cardiac shunts.1 Increased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) in PAH is associated with a progressively seve ...
... association with a variety of diseases or circumstances, which include human immuno-deficiency syndrome, intake of fenfluramines, connective tissue disease, portal hypertension, and congenital cardiac shunts.1 Increased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) in PAH is associated with a progressively seve ...
Strain Rate Imaging: Real World Scenario? - e
... myocardial wall thinning are not reliable markers for detection of extent of necrosis [34,35]. Stress echocardiography is an efficient tool for detection of reversible myocardial ischemia. An improvement in reproducibility and less inter observer variability has been seen with incorporation of tissu ...
... myocardial wall thinning are not reliable markers for detection of extent of necrosis [34,35]. Stress echocardiography is an efficient tool for detection of reversible myocardial ischemia. An improvement in reproducibility and less inter observer variability has been seen with incorporation of tissu ...
Coronary artery disease
Coronary artery disease (CAD), also known as ischemic heart disease (IHD), atherosclerotic heart disease, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and coronary heart disease, is a group of diseases that includes: stable angina, unstable angina, myocardial infarction, and sudden coronary death. It is within the group of cardiovascular diseases of which it is the most common type. A common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. Occasionally it may feel like heartburn. Usually symptoms occur with exercise or emotional stress, last less than a few minutes, and gets better with rest. Shortness of breath may also occur and sometimes no symptoms are present. The first sign is occasionally a heart attack. Other complications include heart failure or an irregular heartbeat.Risk factors include: high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol, among others. Other risks include depression. The underlying mechanism involves atherosclerosis of the arteries of the heart. A number of tests may help with diagnoses including: electrocardiogram, cardiac stress testing, coronary computed tomographic angiography, and coronary angiogram, among others.Prevention is by eating a healthy diet, regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight and not smoking. Sometimes medication for diabetes, high cholesterol, or high blood pressure are also used. There is limited evidence for screening people who are at low risk and do not have symptoms. Treatment involves the same measures as prevention. Additional medications such as antiplatelets including aspirin, beta blockers, or nitroglycerin may be recommended. Procedures such as percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) may be used in severe disease. In those with stable CAD it is unclear if PCI or CABG in addition to the other treatments improve life expectancy or decreases heart attack risk.In 2013 CAD was the most common cause of death globally, resulting in 8.14 million deaths (16.8%) up from 5.74 million deaths (12%) in 1990. The risk of death from CAD for a given age has decreased between 1980 and 2010 especially in the developed world. The number of cases of CAD for a given age has also decreased between 1990 and 2010. In the United States in 2010 about 20% of those over 65 had CAD, while it was present in 7% of those 45 to 64, and 1.3% of those 18 to 45. Rates are higher among men than women of a given age.