Supraventricular tachycardia: Implications for the intensivist
... associated with irregular wide QRS tachycardia and ventricular rates ⬎300 beats/ min (Fig. 3). Syncope or sudden cardiac death (as a result of degeneration into ventricular fibrillation) may ensue. Regular wide QRS tachycardia in patients with WPW may have several mechanisms. Aberrancy resulting fro ...
... associated with irregular wide QRS tachycardia and ventricular rates ⬎300 beats/ min (Fig. 3). Syncope or sudden cardiac death (as a result of degeneration into ventricular fibrillation) may ensue. Regular wide QRS tachycardia in patients with WPW may have several mechanisms. Aberrancy resulting fro ...
Taquicardia de QRS largo em paciente com extrema
... Important teaching points can be found in this case. First, this patient’s history is diabetes mellitus type 2, hypertension with renal failure (uremia) and severe hyperkalemia. This ECG-1 is suggestive of hyperkalemia because slightly peaked T-waves, widening of the QRS complexes and rightward QRS ...
... Important teaching points can be found in this case. First, this patient’s history is diabetes mellitus type 2, hypertension with renal failure (uremia) and severe hyperkalemia. This ECG-1 is suggestive of hyperkalemia because slightly peaked T-waves, widening of the QRS complexes and rightward QRS ...
PDF Full-text
... In fishes, and probably many amphibians and reptiles, the contraction of the sinus venosus contributes significantly to atrial filling [21,24,37], which, in turn, augments ventricular filling, which is important for the maintenance of cardiac output [67]. In ectothermic vertebrates, passive filling ...
... In fishes, and probably many amphibians and reptiles, the contraction of the sinus venosus contributes significantly to atrial filling [21,24,37], which, in turn, augments ventricular filling, which is important for the maintenance of cardiac output [67]. In ectothermic vertebrates, passive filling ...
Structural study of pulmonary circulation and of heart in total
... 8-day-old child. In both types of total anomalous pulmonary venous return increased arterial muscularity was severe, as shown by increase in wall thickness and by extension of muscle into smaller and more peripheral arteries than normal; these changes tended to increase with age. Where the pulmonary ...
... 8-day-old child. In both types of total anomalous pulmonary venous return increased arterial muscularity was severe, as shown by increase in wall thickness and by extension of muscle into smaller and more peripheral arteries than normal; these changes tended to increase with age. Where the pulmonary ...
In utero pulmonary artery and aortic growth and potential for
... (n = 2), fetal hydrops (n = 1) and the presence of a DandyWalker cyst (n -- 1). None of the fetuses had a chromosomal abnormality. Twin gestation was present in three fetuses. Fetuses prenatally diagnosed with absent pulmonary valve syndrome were not included. Nine additional fetuses with prenatally ...
... (n = 2), fetal hydrops (n = 1) and the presence of a DandyWalker cyst (n -- 1). None of the fetuses had a chromosomal abnormality. Twin gestation was present in three fetuses. Fetuses prenatally diagnosed with absent pulmonary valve syndrome were not included. Nine additional fetuses with prenatally ...
Venous Thromboembolism Increases the Risk of Atrial Fibrillation
... of heart failure, hypertension, and acute myocardial infarction,3 but less attention has been paid to the relation between venous thromboembolism (VTE) (pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis [DVT]) and atrial fibrillation. The reported prevalence of atrial fibrillation in acute pulmonary embolis ...
... of heart failure, hypertension, and acute myocardial infarction,3 but less attention has been paid to the relation between venous thromboembolism (VTE) (pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis [DVT]) and atrial fibrillation. The reported prevalence of atrial fibrillation in acute pulmonary embolis ...
Retrieval of a transcatheter pacemaker in sheep after a mid
... off-the-shelf snare that can be used for retrieval. In addition, the manufacturer has designed the TPS with a snareable feature on the back of the TPS to allow retrieval with other off-the-shelf retrieval tools. Lastly, the TPS fixation is designed in such a way that the tines can be withdrawn from t ...
... off-the-shelf snare that can be used for retrieval. In addition, the manufacturer has designed the TPS with a snareable feature on the back of the TPS to allow retrieval with other off-the-shelf retrieval tools. Lastly, the TPS fixation is designed in such a way that the tines can be withdrawn from t ...
Ventricular Arrhythmias in the Absence of Structural Heart Disease
... respond acutely to carotid sinus massage, Valsalva maneuvers, or intravenous adenosine or verapamil (40,41). Patients with no or minimal symptoms may be given reassurance without specific drug therapy. Long-term oral therapy with either beta-adrenergic blockers or calcium-channel blockers may contro ...
... respond acutely to carotid sinus massage, Valsalva maneuvers, or intravenous adenosine or verapamil (40,41). Patients with no or minimal symptoms may be given reassurance without specific drug therapy. Long-term oral therapy with either beta-adrenergic blockers or calcium-channel blockers may contro ...
Cardiology Flash Cards
... heart block. When the P-R interval becomes progressively longer until a QRS complex is dropped and then the process repeats, this is called a Wenckebach phenomenon, (a type of second degree Mobitz I block). If the QRS complex is periodically blocked without lengthening of the P-R interval this is ca ...
... heart block. When the P-R interval becomes progressively longer until a QRS complex is dropped and then the process repeats, this is called a Wenckebach phenomenon, (a type of second degree Mobitz I block). If the QRS complex is periodically blocked without lengthening of the P-R interval this is ca ...
A New Method for Evaluation of Cavitation Near Mechanical Heart
... dp/dt as cavitation intensity increases. The Medtronic Hall valve though, has one measuring point with a lower non-deterministic energy level at higher visual cavitation level than those in the moderate cavitation degree. Furthermore, the same valve has two points in the high-cavitation-level group ...
... dp/dt as cavitation intensity increases. The Medtronic Hall valve though, has one measuring point with a lower non-deterministic energy level at higher visual cavitation level than those in the moderate cavitation degree. Furthermore, the same valve has two points in the high-cavitation-level group ...
PDF - Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology
... midseptal activation from an exit at the left bundle septal fibers,7 and subsequent left to right transeptal conduction with wavefront propagation both toward right basal septum and right apical septum (Figure 7). The septal activation toward right basal septum is bystander and does not form part of ...
... midseptal activation from an exit at the left bundle septal fibers,7 and subsequent left to right transeptal conduction with wavefront propagation both toward right basal septum and right apical septum (Figure 7). The septal activation toward right basal septum is bystander and does not form part of ...
Coronary Sinus Atresia with Cardiac Veins Draining into Both the
... sinus are benign and usually part of more complex congenital cardiac abnormalities. Campbell and Deuchen reported that enlargement of the coronary sinus with a persistent left sided superior vena cava is the most frequent concomitant anomaly.3 Enlargement of the coronary sinus may be caused by commu ...
... sinus are benign and usually part of more complex congenital cardiac abnormalities. Campbell and Deuchen reported that enlargement of the coronary sinus with a persistent left sided superior vena cava is the most frequent concomitant anomaly.3 Enlargement of the coronary sinus may be caused by commu ...
J. of Sci. Inno. Res., 2017 - Journal of Scientific and Innovative
... join the left Hrtkarna / left auricle and empty their contents into it. From the right Hrtkuksi / right ventricle arises the main Puppusabhi Sira / pulmonary artery which, dividing itself into two, carries Rasa-Rakta to the two Puppusas. From the Vama Hrtkuksi / left ventricle arises the main trunk ...
... join the left Hrtkarna / left auricle and empty their contents into it. From the right Hrtkuksi / right ventricle arises the main Puppusabhi Sira / pulmonary artery which, dividing itself into two, carries Rasa-Rakta to the two Puppusas. From the Vama Hrtkuksi / left ventricle arises the main trunk ...
Chronic vagus nerve stimulation improves left ventricular function in
... baseline, month 3 before VNS therapy, and month 6 respectively. During data collection, VNS was temporarily turned off 10 minutes right before the collection and remained off during the procedure of cardiac catheterizations and hemodynamic evaluations. Blood samples were also collected at the same t ...
... baseline, month 3 before VNS therapy, and month 6 respectively. During data collection, VNS was temporarily turned off 10 minutes right before the collection and remained off during the procedure of cardiac catheterizations and hemodynamic evaluations. Blood samples were also collected at the same t ...
Bicuspid Aortic Valve Is Associated With Altered Wall Shear Stress
... of morbidity and mortality related to aortic valve dysfunction, aortic aneurysm formation, and dissection.1–4 The cause of these complications, specifically whether aortopathy is genetic or hemodynamic in origin, is an ongoing debate with important implications for interventional planning.5–8 Previo ...
... of morbidity and mortality related to aortic valve dysfunction, aortic aneurysm formation, and dissection.1–4 The cause of these complications, specifically whether aortopathy is genetic or hemodynamic in origin, is an ongoing debate with important implications for interventional planning.5–8 Previo ...
Cardiac Arrhythmias: Diagnosis and Management. The Tachycardias
... Summary of review: Normal cardiac rhythm originates from impulses generated within the sinus node. These impulses are conducted to the atrioventricular node where they are delayed before they are distributed to the ventricular myocardium via the His-Purkinje system. Abnormalities in cardiac rhythm a ...
... Summary of review: Normal cardiac rhythm originates from impulses generated within the sinus node. These impulses are conducted to the atrioventricular node where they are delayed before they are distributed to the ventricular myocardium via the His-Purkinje system. Abnormalities in cardiac rhythm a ...
Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy
... ability to mimic both ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), especially in post-menopausal women and following stressful situations. Because of this, it is an important consideration in the differential diagnosis for patients p ...
... ability to mimic both ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), especially in post-menopausal women and following stressful situations. Because of this, it is an important consideration in the differential diagnosis for patients p ...
Targeted Neonatal Echocardiography in the Neonatal Intensive
... effect of the right ventricle within the pericardium. Intrapericardial pressure is also reduced with spontaneous ventilation producing intrathoracic pressures that are lower than atmospheric. These right-heart changes help the left ventricle adapt to the increased preload resulting from increased pu ...
... effect of the right ventricle within the pericardium. Intrapericardial pressure is also reduced with spontaneous ventilation producing intrathoracic pressures that are lower than atmospheric. These right-heart changes help the left ventricle adapt to the increased preload resulting from increased pu ...
Sudden Death Due to Aortic Coarctation
... Heart morphology is highly dependent on the morphological characteristics of the coarctation but also on the presence of associated congenital diseases, with the left ventricle being either hypoplastic (in preductal CoA) or hypertrophied (caused by increase afterload). Left atrium is usually dilated ...
... Heart morphology is highly dependent on the morphological characteristics of the coarctation but also on the presence of associated congenital diseases, with the left ventricle being either hypoplastic (in preductal CoA) or hypertrophied (caused by increase afterload). Left atrium is usually dilated ...
Echocardiographic Evaluation of Pericardial Disease
... Inferior vena cava (IVC) plethora (dilated IVC with < 50% inspiratory reduction in diameter near the IVC-RA junction; this a sensitive (97%) but nonspecific indicator of tamponade) Note that Doppler evaluation of tamponade physiology in spontaneously breathing patients can also provide useful info ...
... Inferior vena cava (IVC) plethora (dilated IVC with < 50% inspiratory reduction in diameter near the IVC-RA junction; this a sensitive (97%) but nonspecific indicator of tamponade) Note that Doppler evaluation of tamponade physiology in spontaneously breathing patients can also provide useful info ...
Pericardial Diseases: Tamponade and constriction
... Inferior vena cava (IVC) plethora (dilated IVC with < 50% inspiratory reduction in diameter near the IVC-RA junction; this a sensitive (97%) but nonspecific indicator of tamponade) Note that Doppler evaluation of tamponade physiology in spontaneously breathing patients can also provide useful info ...
... Inferior vena cava (IVC) plethora (dilated IVC with < 50% inspiratory reduction in diameter near the IVC-RA junction; this a sensitive (97%) but nonspecific indicator of tamponade) Note that Doppler evaluation of tamponade physiology in spontaneously breathing patients can also provide useful info ...
New Insights into Mechanisms of Atrial Fibrillation
... Triggers of atrial fibrillation as a therapeutic target Optical mapping studies documented the location of preferential re-entry circuits that occur in the pulmonary vein region in canine models of AF (Arora et al. 2003). Electrophysiological studies in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation f ...
... Triggers of atrial fibrillation as a therapeutic target Optical mapping studies documented the location of preferential re-entry circuits that occur in the pulmonary vein region in canine models of AF (Arora et al. 2003). Electrophysiological studies in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation f ...
Obtaining a High Quality ECG and Basic ECG
... ECG Basics: Lead Placement III ● RL- On right leg (inside calf, midway between ankle and calf muscle) ● LL- On left leg (inside calf, midway between ankle and calf muscle) ● RA- Right arm (on the inside, halfway between wrist and elbow) ● LA- Left arm (on the inside, halfway between wrist and elbow ...
... ECG Basics: Lead Placement III ● RL- On right leg (inside calf, midway between ankle and calf muscle) ● LL- On left leg (inside calf, midway between ankle and calf muscle) ● RA- Right arm (on the inside, halfway between wrist and elbow) ● LA- Left arm (on the inside, halfway between wrist and elbow ...
Bicuspid Aortic Valve - Annals of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
... The genetics of bicuspid aortic valves have been studied by several investigators.14) These valves may run in families in a multifactorial inheritance pattern or occasionally in an autosomal dominant one. Emanuel et al. have found a minimum family incidence of 14.6% of bicuspid aortic valves.15) In ...
... The genetics of bicuspid aortic valves have been studied by several investigators.14) These valves may run in families in a multifactorial inheritance pattern or occasionally in an autosomal dominant one. Emanuel et al. have found a minimum family incidence of 14.6% of bicuspid aortic valves.15) In ...
Tamponade and Pericardial Diseases
... • Inferior vena cava (IVC) plethora (dilated IVC with < 50% inspiratory reduction in diameter near the IVC-RA junction; this a sensitive (97%) but nonspecific indicator of tamponade) Note that Doppler evaluation of tamponade physiology in spontaneously breathing patients can also provide useful info ...
... • Inferior vena cava (IVC) plethora (dilated IVC with < 50% inspiratory reduction in diameter near the IVC-RA junction; this a sensitive (97%) but nonspecific indicator of tamponade) Note that Doppler evaluation of tamponade physiology in spontaneously breathing patients can also provide useful info ...
Lutembacher's syndrome
Lutembacher's syndrome is a form of congenital heart disease. Lutembacher's syndrome was first described by a French cardiologist by the name of Rene' Lutembacher (1884–1968) of Paris, France in 1916. Lutembacher syndrome is a rare disease that affects one of the chambers of the heart as well as a valve of the heart. Lutembacher's syndrome is known to affect females more often than males. Lutembacher is an extremely rare disease. Lutembacher's can affect children or adults; the person can either be born with the disorder or develop it later in life.Lutembacher affects more specifically the atria of the heart and the mitral or biscupid valve. The disorder itself is known more specifically as both congenital atrial septal defect (ASD) and acquired mitral stenosis (MS). Congenital (at birth) atrial septal defect refers to a hole being in the septum or wall that separates the two atria; this condition is usually seen in fetuses and infants. Mitral stenosis refers to mitral valve leaflets (or valve flaps) sticking to each other making the opening for blood to pass from the atrium to the ventricles very small. With the valve being so small, blood has difficulty passing through the left atrium into the left ventricle. There are several types of septal defects that may occur with Lutembacher's syndrome: ASD Ostium Secundum or ASD (Primium); Ostium Secundum is the most prevalent.Lutembacher is caused indirectly as the result of heart damage or disorders and not something that is necessarily infectious. Lutembacher's syndrome is caused by either birth defects where the heart fails to close all holes in the walls between the atria or from an episode of rheumatic fever where damage is done to the heart valves such as the mitral valve and resultant in an opening of heart wall between atria. With Lutembacher's syndrome, a fetus or infant is usually seen to have a hole in their heart wall (interatrial) separating their right and left atria. Normally during fetal development, blood bypasses the lungs and is oxygenated from the placenta. Blood passes from the umbilical cord and flows into the left atrium through an opening called the foramen ovale; the formaen ovale is a hole between the two atria. Once a baby is born and the lungs begin to fill with air and the blood flow of the heart changes, a tissue flap (somewhat like a trap door) called the septum primium closes the foramen ovale or hole between the two atria and becomes part of the atrial wall. The failure of the hole between the two atria to close after birth leads to a disorder called ASD primium. The most common problems with an opening found in the heart with Lutembacher's syndrome is Ostium Secundum. Ostium Secundum is a hole that is found within the flap of tissue (septum primium) that will eventually close the hole between the two atria after birth. With either type of ASD, ASD will usually cause the blood flow from the right atrium to skip going to the right ventricle and instead flow to the left atrium. If mitral stenosis (the hardening of flap of tissue known as a valve which opens and closes between the left atrium and ventricle to control blood flow) is also present, blood will flow into the right atrium through the hole between the atria wall instead of flowing into the left ventricle and systemic circulation. Eventually this leads to other problems such as the right ventricle failing and a reduced blood flow to the left ventricle.In addition to the ASD, acquired MS can be present either from an episode of rheumatic fever (the mother has or had rheumatic fever during the pregnancy) or the child being born with the disorder (congenital MS). With the combination of both ASD and MS, the heart can be under severe strain as it tries to move blood throughout the heart and lungs. To correct Lutembacher's syndrome, surgery is often done. There are several types of surgeries depending on the cause of Lutembacher's syndrome(ASD Primium or ASD Ostium Secundum with Mitral Stenosis): Suturing (stitching) or placing a patch of tissue (similar to skin grafting) over the hole to completely close the opening Reconstructing of the mitral and tricuspid valve while patching any holes in the heart Device closure of ASD (e.g. Amplatzer umbrella or CardioSEAL to seal the hole Percutaneous transcatheter therapy Transcatheter therapy of balloon valvuloplasty to correct MS↑ ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 ↑ ↑ ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 ↑