Proof-of-principle rapid noninvasive prenatal diagnosis
... Submitted: October 1, 2014; Accepted: July 23, 2015. Reference information: J Clin Invest. 2015;125(10):3757–3765. doi:10.1172/JCI79322. ...
... Submitted: October 1, 2014; Accepted: July 23, 2015. Reference information: J Clin Invest. 2015;125(10):3757–3765. doi:10.1172/JCI79322. ...
Evolutionary history of the genus Capra
... (ii) previously published and new cytochrome b sequences. For the Y-chromosome phylogeny, we sequenced segments from the amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc Wnger (ZFY) genes from all of the eight wild taxa and from domestic goats (Capra hircus). Phylogenetic analysis of the Y-chromosome data revealed two w ...
... (ii) previously published and new cytochrome b sequences. For the Y-chromosome phylogeny, we sequenced segments from the amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc Wnger (ZFY) genes from all of the eight wild taxa and from domestic goats (Capra hircus). Phylogenetic analysis of the Y-chromosome data revealed two w ...
Admixture Between Historically Isolated Mitochondrial Lineages in
... results indicate that the 42 HVI sequences obtained in this study are of mitochondrial origin because the amplicons used as templates for HVI sequencing were ~7 Kbp, a length that is larger than most numts reported in the gorilla genome (Soto-Calderón 2012). We also did not find any evidence of numt ...
... results indicate that the 42 HVI sequences obtained in this study are of mitochondrial origin because the amplicons used as templates for HVI sequencing were ~7 Kbp, a length that is larger than most numts reported in the gorilla genome (Soto-Calderón 2012). We also did not find any evidence of numt ...
Article A Distinct Mitochondrial Genome with DUI
... M-type-mtDNA remains predominant, leading to the generation of male heteroplasmic individuals (Zouros 2013; Kyriakou et al. 2015). As the detection of DUI remains difficult, the probability of unrecognized cases remains high, obscuring the clear taxonomic classification of DUI across invertebrate cl ...
... M-type-mtDNA remains predominant, leading to the generation of male heteroplasmic individuals (Zouros 2013; Kyriakou et al. 2015). As the detection of DUI remains difficult, the probability of unrecognized cases remains high, obscuring the clear taxonomic classification of DUI across invertebrate cl ...
Y chromosome polymorphisms in medicine
... paucity of gene content, the Y chromosome was considered for a long time to be a `genetic wasteland', necessary only for sex determination. This has led to propose its future extinction in an evolutionary context (2, 3). This view has been challenged by the recent identi®cation of both an unexpected ...
... paucity of gene content, the Y chromosome was considered for a long time to be a `genetic wasteland', necessary only for sex determination. This has led to propose its future extinction in an evolutionary context (2, 3). This view has been challenged by the recent identi®cation of both an unexpected ...
A disproportionate role for mtDNA in DobzhanskyMuller
... M I T O N U C L E A R C O A D A P T A T I O N A N D S P E C I A T I O N 4943 their respective genetic backgrounds, neither has been evolutionarily ‘tested’ on the background of the second population. F1 hybrids have both the wild-type A and B alleles and the a and b mutant alleles; with all alleles ...
... M I T O N U C L E A R C O A D A P T A T I O N A N D S P E C I A T I O N 4943 their respective genetic backgrounds, neither has been evolutionarily ‘tested’ on the background of the second population. F1 hybrids have both the wild-type A and B alleles and the a and b mutant alleles; with all alleles ...
Clinical and Molecular Aspects of Diseases of Mitochondrial DNA
... (mtDNA), which are small, circular, and double-stranded. The proper functions of mtDNA depend totally on specific proteins that are encoded by the nucleus and then imported into mitochondria. Thus instability of mtDNA can stem from the mtDNA itself, or secondarily from abnormalities in nuclear DNA. ...
... (mtDNA), which are small, circular, and double-stranded. The proper functions of mtDNA depend totally on specific proteins that are encoded by the nucleus and then imported into mitochondria. Thus instability of mtDNA can stem from the mtDNA itself, or secondarily from abnormalities in nuclear DNA. ...
Evolutionary implications of non- neutral
... will then share an identical set of possible nuclear backgrounds but will have mtDNA that is derived from the maternal parental genotype and, thus, differences between the two crosses could be indicative of mtDNA fitness effects (see, for example, Ref. [33]). However, a problem associated with this ...
... will then share an identical set of possible nuclear backgrounds but will have mtDNA that is derived from the maternal parental genotype and, thus, differences between the two crosses could be indicative of mtDNA fitness effects (see, for example, Ref. [33]). However, a problem associated with this ...
CHAPTER e18 Mitochondrial DNA and Heritable Traits and Diseases
... system development and maintenance. For this reason, in vitro fertilization followed by preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) is not as predictive of the genetic health of the offspring in the case of mtDNA mutations as it is in the case of the nuclear genome. Mitotic segregation refers to the une ...
... system development and maintenance. For this reason, in vitro fertilization followed by preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) is not as predictive of the genetic health of the offspring in the case of mtDNA mutations as it is in the case of the nuclear genome. Mitotic segregation refers to the une ...
Does premature aging of the mtDNA mutator mouse prove that
... a collection of mice with tissue-specific elevations of mtDNA mutation rates, similar to that reported in cardiac tissue (Zhang et al., 2000; Mott et al., 2005), might provide a model of natural aging in mammals. The remarkably low abundance of mtDNA mutations reported by the latter group in associa ...
... a collection of mice with tissue-specific elevations of mtDNA mutation rates, similar to that reported in cardiac tissue (Zhang et al., 2000; Mott et al., 2005), might provide a model of natural aging in mammals. The remarkably low abundance of mtDNA mutations reported by the latter group in associa ...
Investigating sea turtle migration using DNA markers
... thousands of kilometers in length and may be negotiated many times by each adult female during the several decades of her reproductive lifetime. Most previous information concerning migratory behavior in sea turtles did not come fi-om direct observations (spatial and temporal scales in the oceanic e ...
... thousands of kilometers in length and may be negotiated many times by each adult female during the several decades of her reproductive lifetime. Most previous information concerning migratory behavior in sea turtles did not come fi-om direct observations (spatial and temporal scales in the oceanic e ...
Y-DNA and Documentary Research Collaboration Reveals
... it is a graphical representation of the similarities and differences among individuals' Y-DNA, showing likely paths of divergence over time. This divergence is caused when one son is born with a genetic mutation not shared with his brothers. The mutation is passed down from that generation forward o ...
... it is a graphical representation of the similarities and differences among individuals' Y-DNA, showing likely paths of divergence over time. This divergence is caused when one son is born with a genetic mutation not shared with his brothers. The mutation is passed down from that generation forward o ...
Divergent evolution of lifespan associated with mitochondrial DNA
... Acanthoscelides obtectus (Coleoptera, Bruchinae). Replicated selection lines were founded already in 1986 from an outbred population harboring three distinct mtDNA haplotypes. Selection lines were then subjected to artificial selection for reproduction early or late in life (i.e., E and L lines) for ...
... Acanthoscelides obtectus (Coleoptera, Bruchinae). Replicated selection lines were founded already in 1986 from an outbred population harboring three distinct mtDNA haplotypes. Selection lines were then subjected to artificial selection for reproduction early or late in life (i.e., E and L lines) for ...
Nucleotide Sequence Preservation of Human
... tions? We have examined mtDNA3 isolated from neoplastic cells of patients with leukemia. We chose to study the mtDNA of human leukemic cells for 3 reasons: (a) mtDNA is well charac terized; its nucleotide sequence is known in entirety (3), and a great deal is known about between-individual nucleotid ...
... tions? We have examined mtDNA3 isolated from neoplastic cells of patients with leukemia. We chose to study the mtDNA of human leukemic cells for 3 reasons: (a) mtDNA is well charac terized; its nucleotide sequence is known in entirety (3), and a great deal is known about between-individual nucleotid ...
Inheritance of Organelle DNA Sequences in a Citrus–Poncirus
... configurations. The Yates-corrected chisquared test ( Yates 1934) for a 1:1 segregation in this population was 1.9 (P ⬎ .1). This hypothesis cannot be confirmed directly because the paternal tree is no longer living. Given that P. trifoliata trees are naturally outcrossing and highly heterozygous ( ...
... configurations. The Yates-corrected chisquared test ( Yates 1934) for a 1:1 segregation in this population was 1.9 (P ⬎ .1). This hypothesis cannot be confirmed directly because the paternal tree is no longer living. Given that P. trifoliata trees are naturally outcrossing and highly heterozygous ( ...
Mitochondrial transfer: Ethical, legal and social implications in assisted reproduction
... persons from donating. In 2014 the UK government proposed change in legislation to grant mitochondrial donors anonymity.[23] The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of the USA, in February 2014, discussed drafting guidelines for the design of clinical trials, but has not published the final document. ...
... persons from donating. In 2014 the UK government proposed change in legislation to grant mitochondrial donors anonymity.[23] The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of the USA, in February 2014, discussed drafting guidelines for the design of clinical trials, but has not published the final document. ...
The Diagnosis of Mitochondrial Diseases
... group of “secondary mutations” are also associated with LHON, but these may interact with other mtDNA mutations to cause LHON. Morphology: Muscle biopsies appear normal. RRF are absent. Molecular Diagnosis: The PCR-RFLP-based genetic screening in blood DNA for the three primary LHON mutations (m.346 ...
... group of “secondary mutations” are also associated with LHON, but these may interact with other mtDNA mutations to cause LHON. Morphology: Muscle biopsies appear normal. RRF are absent. Molecular Diagnosis: The PCR-RFLP-based genetic screening in blood DNA for the three primary LHON mutations (m.346 ...
Article Mitochondrial DNA turnover occurs during preimplantation
... MtDNA accumulates to high concentrations in the mature oocyte, being expanded from 101 copies per primordial germ cell to 105 copies in each mature oocyte. It was believed that no further replication of mtDNA occurs between fertilization and early post-implantation stages, since quantity of mtDNA pe ...
... MtDNA accumulates to high concentrations in the mature oocyte, being expanded from 101 copies per primordial germ cell to 105 copies in each mature oocyte. It was believed that no further replication of mtDNA occurs between fertilization and early post-implantation stages, since quantity of mtDNA pe ...
A Complete Mitochondrial Genome Sequence
... DNA sequences retrieved from ancient cattle have also shed light on the pre-domestication history of the Bos spp. lineage. Partial mtDNA control region and cytochrome b gene (CYTB) sequences from Central and Northern European aurochsen samples belong predominantly to a distinct haplogroup (designate ...
... DNA sequences retrieved from ancient cattle have also shed light on the pre-domestication history of the Bos spp. lineage. Partial mtDNA control region and cytochrome b gene (CYTB) sequences from Central and Northern European aurochsen samples belong predominantly to a distinct haplogroup (designate ...
Mitochondrial DNA disease - Human Molecular Genetics
... WOMEN CARRYING MTDNA MUTATION There are now a number of options available (20). Genetic counselling is important to explain risks involved, but must be given carefully, taking account of the specific mutation and the number of affected family members. More recently, ...
... WOMEN CARRYING MTDNA MUTATION There are now a number of options available (20). Genetic counselling is important to explain risks involved, but must be given carefully, taking account of the specific mutation and the number of affected family members. More recently, ...
CHAPTER 15 Non-Mendelian Inheritance
... cytochrome deficiencies that prevent aerobic respiration. a. On a medium that supports only aerobic respiration, petite cells are unable to grow. b. The spontaneous mutation rate is 0.1–1%, but exposure to an intercalating agent (e.g., ethidium bromide) raises the rate to 100%. c. This allows isolat ...
... cytochrome deficiencies that prevent aerobic respiration. a. On a medium that supports only aerobic respiration, petite cells are unable to grow. b. The spontaneous mutation rate is 0.1–1%, but exposure to an intercalating agent (e.g., ethidium bromide) raises the rate to 100%. c. This allows isolat ...
DNA Testing Applications for Mennonite Genealogists2
... • Determine the number of male progenitors for each Mennonite surname, of which there are about 300 of Prussian/Dutch origin • Determine the number of female Mennonite progenitors • Determine the haplogroups (deep ancestry) of each progenitor • Use the DNA results to complement traditional genealogi ...
... • Determine the number of male progenitors for each Mennonite surname, of which there are about 300 of Prussian/Dutch origin • Determine the number of female Mennonite progenitors • Determine the haplogroups (deep ancestry) of each progenitor • Use the DNA results to complement traditional genealogi ...
Mitochondrial Eve
... In the field of human genetics, the name Mitochondrial Eve refers to the matrilineal most recent common ancestor (MRCA) of all currently living anatomically modern humans, who is estimated to have lived approximately 100,000–200,000 years ago. This is the most recent woman from whom all living human ...
... In the field of human genetics, the name Mitochondrial Eve refers to the matrilineal most recent common ancestor (MRCA) of all currently living anatomically modern humans, who is estimated to have lived approximately 100,000–200,000 years ago. This is the most recent woman from whom all living human ...
Germ-line modification
... Modification of the mtDNA is not substantively different from modification of the nuclear DNA in terms of its effects on the identity of the future person. Therefore, any conclusion regarding the moral acceptability of modifying the mtDNA applies mutatis mutandis to modification of the nuclear genom ...
... Modification of the mtDNA is not substantively different from modification of the nuclear DNA in terms of its effects on the identity of the future person. Therefore, any conclusion regarding the moral acceptability of modifying the mtDNA applies mutatis mutandis to modification of the nuclear genom ...